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英语专业的论文提纲模板
导语：在毕业论文的.写作过程中，指导教师一般都要求学生编写提纲。从写作程序上讲，它是作者动笔行文前的必要准备；从提纲本身来讲，它是作者构思谋篇的具体体现。下面我整理了英语专业的论文提纲模板，欢迎参考借鉴！
Chapter One Influencing Factors of Creative Treason
Background of Gone with the Wind
Author's Life and Emotional Experience
Development of the Feminist Movement
Influence of Economic Crisis
Background of the Translator
Reader's Expectations and the Ability to Accept
Chapter Two Creative Treason and Translator Style
Selection and Use of Words
Symbolthe Usage of Idioms
Symbolthe Usage of Reduplication
Structure and Modalitythe Usage of Parallel Construction
' Logic and Combination
's Device and Style
's Transition
, Slangs and Fixed Collocations
Identity
of Narrative Style
Chapter Three The Limitation of Translator Style
Chapter Four The Sociality of Creative Treason
Significance
Significance
' Effort
Conclusion
This article conclusion
Creative treason develops a new domain for literary translation. In this thesis, thebackground of main factors was taken as the entry point. Through analyzing thebackground of tiie original, translator and readers we got the result that affected byvarious factors especially different background the creative treason in literary translationis objective and inevitable. By reason of existence of creative treason, it is possible toform the unique translation style in the translation process. Based on parsing FuDonghua's version of Gone with the Wind,this study analyzes translator style from sixaspects and has proved the existence of translator style. Retoning to the ultimate purposemotivation of translation, we should affirm that the translation work which is in theframework of the original and makes recreations for the need of target readers is thehigh-quality one.
Behind two literary works are two different languages, behind two languages are twodifferent cultures,after discussing the translator style which is based on the languageexchange we should see the most fundamental factor is the cultural differences, which isone of the social significance of creative treason. Just as Escarpit states, all thetranslations are the result of creative treason. So the social significance of translation isalso creative treason V In the process of social development the role of translation can notbe replaced and the creative treason's function should be paid more attention to. For theexistence of creative treason, we can not ignore the hard work and efforts the translatorsdo,it should be folly admitted and respected.
In addition to translation activities, in the field of other social life, we can still findthe creative treason. There are some subjective factors which are mixed into theunderstanding and judgment of object,that's why different people have differentcognitions for the same thing. Therefore, in the process of recognizing the world creativetreason always exists- This can be the new point of creative treason's socialization, enrichthe connotation of the concept and extend the social significance of creative treason.
英语教学毕业论文提纲模板精选3篇
论文提要是内容提纲的雏型。一般书、教学参考书都有反映全书内容的提要，以便读者一翻提要就知道书的`大概内容，下面是我为大家推荐的3篇英语教学毕业论文的提纲模板，希望大家喜欢!
英语教学毕业论文提纲模板一
Abstract 5-6
摘要 7-9
1. Introduction 9-11
Background of the Research 9
Significance of the Research 9-10
Structure of the thesis 10-11
2. Literature Review 11-19
Some Attempts to Define expert and novice teacher 11-13
An overview of studies on teaching behaviors 13-16
An overview of the characteristics of expert teachers' teaching behaviors 16
Limitations of the Previous Studies 16
Theoretical bases 16-19
3. Research Design 19-25
Subjects 19-20
Observed teaching tasks 20-21
Classification of English teachers’ teaching behaviors 21-22
Research method 22-24
Research Procedures 24-25
4. Data Analysis and Discussion 25-51
Diversity in Speech Presentation behavior 25-33
Diversity in Text Presentation 33-38
Diversity in Action Presentation (body language) 38-40
Diversity in interaction behavior 40-51
5. Conclusions and Implications 51-55
Conclusions 51-53
Pedagogical Implications 53-54
Limitations and recommendations for the Further Research 54-55
Acknowledgments 55-56
References 56-59
Appendix I Classroom observation worksheet of teaching behavior 59-61
Appendix II 唐卫海提问行为类别观察表 61-62
Appendix III 攻读硕士学位期间发表的论文 62
英语教学毕业论文提纲模板二
Abstract 3-4
摘要 5-7
Tables 7-10
1. Introduction 10-14
Research Questions 11
The purpose and significance of this research 11-12
Layout of thesis 12-14
2. Literature Review 14-24
The concept and connotation of teaching journal 15-17
The Content of teaching journal 17-20
Reflective level 20
The styles of teaching journal 20-24
Design 24-26
Purpose of Research 24
Subjects 24
Instruments 24-25
Procesures of research 25
Data collection 25-26
4. Results and Discussions 26-52
Results and discussions of quesionnaire 26-32
The writing differences between teachers of differnet professional ranks on reflective content and reflective level 32-45
The writing differences between teachers of different genders on reflective content and reflective level 45-52
5. Methods to Improve Teachers' Reflective Ability 52-56
Problems in the process of reflection 52-53
The ways to improve teachers' reflective ability 53-56
6. Conclusion 56-58
Present findings 56
Limitations 56-57
Suggestions for future research 57-58
Acknowledgements 58-60
Bibliography 60-64
Appendix 64-65
英语教学毕业论文提纲模板三
Abstract 3-4
摘要 5-8
1. Introduction 8-12
Research background 8
Significance of the study 8-10
Organization of thesis 10-12
2. Literature Review 12-22
Language learning strategies 12-15
Definition of the language learning strategies 12-13
Classification of learning strategies 13-14
Studies on learning strategies 14-15
Language learning styles 15-18
Definition of language learning style 15
Classification of language learning style 15-17
Studies on language learning style 17-18
Learning strategies training 18-19
. Review of the relationship of learning strategies and learning styles 19-22
3. Methodology 22-33
Purposes 22
Hypotheses 22
Research participants 22-23
Instruments of the research 23-24
Questionnaire 23
Observation 23-24
Procedures 24-33
Pre-treatment questionnaire 24-25
Language learning strategy training instruction 25-30
Post-treatment questionnaire 30-33
4. Results and Discussion 33-47
Results of the questionnaire 33-43
The results of the T-test in pre-treatment questionnaire 37-40
The results of the T-test in post-treatment questionnaire 40-43
Discussion 43-47
The senior high school students’ learning styles were expanded with the help of learning strategy training 44
The variety of learning styles helps the students to learn better with different learning tasks 44-45
The learning strategies help the students learn better, more easily and actively33 45-47
5. Conclusion 47-49
Major findings 47-48
The learning styles of the senior high students were tended to be various 47-48
The language learning strategy training can expand or even changethe language learning styles 48
Limitations and recommendations for further study 48-49
Acknowledgements 49-51
Bibliography 51-55
Appendix 55-61
AppendixA 关于英语学习风格的问卷调查 55-59
AppendixB 英语学习策略培训观察量表 59-60
AppendixC Listening Material 60-61
英语论文提纲 范文
英语论文提纲怎样写呢?下面是我分享的英语论文提纲范文，欢迎大家阅读，也希望英语论文提纲范文能够帮助同学们顺利开展论文的撰写。
一、 title
from a new woman to a victim
二、 introduction
in china, the position of women becomes higher and higher, but discrimination and violence are existed all the same. there are a lot of women who have the same experience with desdemona. the intention of this study is to tell the importance of women’s independence in this modern society.
my attention was first directed to introduce desdemona and the good points of her character. this is because she is a new woman in the first two acts. then i put much attention on analyzing the reasons of her change. last i pointed out that women in modern society should learn from desdemona and try to be independent. however , the independence is not mean to stand against her husband or her father, but it means to find her own position in the society and establish a positive outlook on life. women should be independent not only from spirit, but also from finance.
三、outline
1 introduction
a brief introduction of othello
a particular introduction of desdemona as a new woman
2 the reasons of turning from a new woman to a victim
a deion of women’s position in the 16th of england
the influence of patriarchy-centered culture
desdemona’s own weakness of her character
3 the impact of desdemona on women in modern society.
social problems on women
the reasons why women should be independent
the new meaning of “independence”
what women should do if they want to be independent
from spirit
from finance
四、conclusion
theory guidance
1 feminism
2 freudian psychology
翻译：
一、标题
从一个新女人到一个受害者
二、介绍
在中国，妇女的地位越来越高，但歧视和暴力都是一样的存在。有很多有经验的女性苔丝狄蒙娜一样。本研究的目的是告诉女性在这个现代社会中的独立性的重要性。
我注意的是首先针对介绍苔丝狄蒙娜和她的性格好点。这是因为她是一个新的女人在前两个行为。然后我就把注意力放在分析她的变化的原因。最后我指出，现代社会中女性应该学会从苔丝狄蒙娜和尝试独立。然而，独立并不意味着要站在她的丈夫或她的父亲，但它意味着在社会中找到自己的位置，并建立一个积极的人生观。女性不仅要从精神上独立，也要从财务上独立。
三、概述
1引言
简要介绍奥赛罗
特别介绍苔丝狄蒙娜作为新女性
2从一个新的女人变成一个受害者的原因
描述一下女人的位置在英格兰第十六
父权中心文化的影响
苔丝狄蒙娜对她自己的性格弱点
3影响她对女性在现代社会中。
女性的个社会问题
女性应该独立的原因
“独立”的新意义
女性应该做什么，如果他们想独立
从精神
财务
四、结论
理论指导
1女性主义
2弗洛伊德心理学
知识扩展：英语毕业论文提纲怎么写?
I 英语毕业论文提纲的写作流程：
1.提纲写作需要先拟定论文标题;
2.根据论文题目写出总论点;
3.结合总论点考虑全篇的整体布局;
论文的整体布局需要充分考虑总论点的叙述顺序，这是论文写作的整体框架。
4.确定论文的`整体布局后再逐步考虑总论点下面的分论点，直至确定论点句;
5.结合段落部署，把相关材料组合起来，以便写作过程中的随用随取;
6.进行全面的检查，对于不必要的内容进行不必要的删减;
II英语毕业论文提纲的注意事项：
1.毕业论文提纲的编写方法：
标题式写法
用简洁的文字凝练出标题，并将这部分内容概括出来。这种写法的好处是简洁明了，一目了然，但是这种方法存在一定的缺陷，作者本人对此非常了解熟悉，但是外人乍看没有眉目，因此，在毕业论文的提纲写作中，很少使用这种方法。
句子式写法
就是用表述完整通畅的句子将所要描述出来的内容进行概括，这种写法更为具体，更为明确，自己了解的同时也能让外人看得懂。因为毕业论文不是针对个人，因此在毕业论文提纲的写作中得到广泛应用。
2.毕业论文提供的修改推敲
毕业论文提纲写好后，需要进行推敲和修改，修改的过程中需要注意以下几点：
题目是否合适;
题目是一篇文章的精华所在，其重要性不容忽视，不合适的论文题目会对接下来的论文写作带来阻碍。
结构是否合理;
合理的结构需要点明主题的基础上围绕主题进行拓展延伸，划分层次和段落，提高文章的逻辑性，检查过渡是否自然，然后进行全局性的把控。
层次是否完善;
提纲的层次必须完善，每个层次必须保证清晰，总论点应该重点突出，序论和结论部分应该简明扼要。本论是全文的重点，是需要集中精力写的一部分，因此，提纲应该罗列地详细一点，层层深入，体现总论和分论的巧妙融合。
英语教学毕业论文提纲模板精选3篇
论文提要是内容提纲的雏型。一般书、教学参考书都有反映全书内容的提要，以便读者一翻提要就知道书的`大概内容，下面是我为大家推荐的3篇英语教学毕业论文的提纲模板，希望大家喜欢!
英语教学毕业论文提纲模板一
Abstract 5-6
摘要 7-9
1. Introduction 9-11
Background of the Research 9
Significance of the Research 9-10
Structure of the thesis 10-11
2. Literature Review 11-19
Some Attempts to Define expert and novice teacher 11-13
An overview of studies on teaching behaviors 13-16
An overview of the characteristics of expert teachers' teaching behaviors 16
Limitations of the Previous Studies 16
Theoretical bases 16-19
3. Research Design 19-25
Subjects 19-20
Observed teaching tasks 20-21
Classification of English teachers’ teaching behaviors 21-22
Research method 22-24
Research Procedures 24-25
4. Data Analysis and Discussion 25-51
Diversity in Speech Presentation behavior 25-33
Diversity in Text Presentation 33-38
Diversity in Action Presentation (body language) 38-40
Diversity in interaction behavior 40-51
5. Conclusions and Implications 51-55
Conclusions 51-53
Pedagogical Implications 53-54
Limitations and recommendations for the Further Research 54-55
Acknowledgments 55-56
References 56-59
Appendix I Classroom observation worksheet of teaching behavior 59-61
Appendix II 唐卫海提问行为类别观察表 61-62
Appendix III 攻读硕士学位期间发表的论文 62
英语教学毕业论文提纲模板二
Abstract 3-4
摘要 5-7
Tables 7-10
1. Introduction 10-14
Research Questions 11
The purpose and significance of this research 11-12
Layout of thesis 12-14
2. Literature Review 14-24
The concept and connotation of teaching journal 15-17
The Content of teaching journal 17-20
Reflective level 20
The styles of teaching journal 20-24
Design 24-26
Purpose of Research 24
Subjects 24
Instruments 24-25
Procesures of research 25
Data collection 25-26
4. Results and Discussions 26-52
Results and discussions of quesionnaire 26-32
The writing differences between teachers of differnet professional ranks on reflective content and reflective level 32-45
The writing differences between teachers of different genders on reflective content and reflective level 45-52
5. Methods to Improve Teachers' Reflective Ability 52-56
Problems in the process of reflection 52-53
The ways to improve teachers' reflective ability 53-56
6. Conclusion 56-58
Present findings 56
Limitations 56-57
Suggestions for future research 57-58
Acknowledgements 58-60
Bibliography 60-64
Appendix 64-65
英语教学毕业论文提纲模板三
Abstract 3-4
摘要 5-8
1. Introduction 8-12
Research background 8
Significance of the study 8-10
Organization of thesis 10-12
2. Literature Review 12-22
Language learning strategies 12-15
Definition of the language learning strategies 12-13
Classification of learning strategies 13-14
Studies on learning strategies 14-15
Language learning styles 15-18
Definition of language learning style 15
Classification of language learning style 15-17
Studies on language learning style 17-18
Learning strategies training 18-19
. Review of the relationship of learning strategies and learning styles 19-22
3. Methodology 22-33
Purposes 22
Hypotheses 22
Research participants 22-23
Instruments of the research 23-24
Questionnaire 23
Observation 23-24
Procedures 24-33
Pre-treatment questionnaire 24-25
Language learning strategy training instruction 25-30
Post-treatment questionnaire 30-33
4. Results and Discussion 33-47
Results of the questionnaire 33-43
The results of the T-test in pre-treatment questionnaire 37-40
The results of the T-test in post-treatment questionnaire 40-43
Discussion 43-47
The senior high school students’ learning styles were expanded with the help of learning strategy training 44
The variety of learning styles helps the students to learn better with different learning tasks 44-45
The learning strategies help the students learn better, more easily and actively33 45-47
5. Conclusion 47-49
Major findings 47-48
The learning styles of the senior high students were tended to be various 47-48
The language learning strategy training can expand or even changethe language learning styles 48
Limitations and recommendations for further study 48-49
Acknowledgements 49-51
Bibliography 51-55
Appendix 55-61
AppendixA 关于英语学习风格的问卷调查 55-59
AppendixB 英语学习策略培训观察量表 59-60
AppendixC Listening Material 60-61
英语毕业论文提纲模板
紧张又充实的`大学生活即将结束，毕业前要通过最后的毕业论文，毕业论文是一种有准备的检验学生学习成果的形式，毕业论文应该怎么写才好呢？以下是我整理的英语毕业论文提纲模板，希望能够帮助到大家。
Acknowledgements 4-6
Contents 6-10
List of Figures 10-12
List of Tables 12-20
Abstract 20-22
摘要 23-25
Chapter 1 Introduction 25-32
Purpose of the study and research questions 28-29
Significance of the study 29-30
Organization of the study 30-31
A note on terminology 31-32
Chapter 2 Literature review 32-51
T/TP and coherence in English writing 32-35
Defining coherence 32-33
T/TP as means to realize coherence 33-35
T/TP in EFL/ESL writing 35-42
T/TP and coherence in EFL/ESL writing 35-37
T/TP in EFL/ESL writing as compared to NS writing 37-42
T/TP in English research articles by EFL/ESL scholars 42-44
The factors that influence T/TP in EFL/ESL writing 44-47
Training in T/TP 47-49
Summary 49-51
Chapter 3 Theoretical background 51-70
Systemic Functional Grammar 51-55
Five dimensions of language as a semiotic system 51-53
Three metafunctions of language as a functional system 53-54
Three lines of meaning from metafunctions 54-55
Theme and thematic progression 55-70
Theme 56-62
Thematic progression 62-70
Chapter 4 Research Design 70-88
The participants and the educational context 70-73
Background of the participants and the participating school 70
The allocation of participants to the training 70-71
The sample sizes 71-72
The pilot study 72-73
The interventional procedures 73-74
The questionnaire 74-75
The training 75-80
Considerations behind the training 75-76
The training material 76-79
The role of the researcher as the trainer 79-80
Data analysis 80-86
Analysis of the writing 80-86
Analysis of the questionnaire 86
Ethical considerations 86-88
Informed consent 86-87
Anonymity 87
Harm 87-88
Chapter 5 Results and analysis of pre-training writing 88-115
Comparison of Themes in EEL pre-training writing and CEL pre-writing 88-102
Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 88-91
Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 91-95
Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 95-100
Interpersonal Themes 100-102
Comparison of thematic progression in EEL pre-training writing and CEL pre-writing 102-110
Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 102-107
Back,contextual and new Themes 107-110
Summary 110-115
Chapter 6 Results and analysis of post-training writing 115-137
Comparison of Themes in EEL post-training writing and CEL post-writing 115-129
Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 115-117
Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 117-121
Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 121-126
Interpersonal Themes 126-129
Comparison of thematic progression in EEL post-training writing and CEL post-writing 129-132
Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 129-131
Back,contextual and new Themes 131-132
Summary 132-137
Chapter 7 Results and analysis of pre- and post- training writing 137-155
Comparison of Themes in pre- and post- training writing 137-147
Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 137-139
Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 139-142
Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 142-145
Interpersonal Themes 145-147
Comparison of thematic progression in pre- and post- training writing 147-150
Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 147-149
Back,contextual and new Themes 149-150
Summary 150-155
Chapter 8 Results and analysis of the questionnaire 155-165
Findings from closed questions 155-160
EEL participants' general attitude to training on T/TP 155-157
EEL participants' perception of the usefulness of the training on T/TP 157-158
EEL participants' perception of the learnability of T/TP 158-159
EEL participants' perception of the applicability of T/TP in writing 159-160
Findings from open questions 160-164
The changes that occurred 161-162
The perceived difficulty of applying the theory of T/TP in writing 162-163
The reasons for the perceived difficulty in learning 163
EEL participants' suggestions for future training 163-164
Summary 164-165
Chapter 9 Discussion 165-195
Findings with regard to research questions 165-187
Chinese college students' use of T/TP in pre-training writing 165-172
Chinese college students' use of T/TP in post-training writing 172-181
Effects of the training on T/TP in Chinese college students' English writing 181-187
Positioning the study within the literature 187-190
T/TP in Chinese college students' English writing 187-189
Effects of training on Chinese college students' use of T/TP 189-190
Implications 190-194
Pedagogical implication 190-193
Methodological implication 193-194
Limitations 194-195
Chapter 10 Conclusion 195-200
Summary 195-197
Putting everything together 197-199
Suggestions for future work 199-200
Notes 200-202
References 202-214
Appendix 1: Plan for the interventional procedures 214-215
Appendix 2: The post-training questionnaire 215-217
Appendix 3: Training material 217-229
Appendix 4: Teachers' guide to the training 229-237
Appendix 5: Consent form for EEL group 237-238
Appendix 6: Consent form for CEL group 238-239
Appendix 7: Consent form for NS group 239
中文摘要 3-4
ABSTRACT 4
Chapter One Introduction 7-10
Motivation of the present study 7-8
Significance of this study 8
Composition of this thesis 8-10
Chapter Two Literature Review 10-19
Language production 10-14
L1 Production 10-11
L2 Production 11-12
Dimensions of language production 12-14
Theories on oral output 14-15
Skehan’s dual-model system 14
Swain’s Output Hypothesis 14-15
Task Repetition 15-17
Task 15-16
Task repetition 16-17
Relevant studies on effects of task repetition on L2 oral output 17-19
CHARPTER THREE THE CURRENT STUDY 19-25
Research justification and questions 19
Hypothesis 19-20
Methods 20-25
Participants 20-21
Material 21
Research design 21-23
Measures 23-25
Chapter Four Results and Discussion 25-41
Results and Analysis 25-34
Quantitative analysis 25-27
Qualitative analysis 27-34
Discussion 34-41
Fluency 34-36
Complexity 36-38
Accuracy 38-39
interlanguage development path of learner L 39-41
Chapter Five Conclusions 41-44
Conclusion and implication 41-43
Limitations and recommendations 43-44
Acknowledgements 44-45
References 45-49
Appendixes 49-54
A. Instructions of the experiment 49-50
B. The same-content task 50-51
C. The different-content task 51-52
D. Sample of oral pre-task 52-53
E. Sample of oral post-task 53-54
F. Sample of writing repetition task 54
Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction
Research Background
Significance of the Study
Research Goals and Questions
Data Collection and Methodology
Analysis Procedures
Organization of the Thesis
Chapter 2 Literature Review
Introduction to Appraisal Theory
Studies on Appraisal Theory
Studies on Appraisal Theory Abroad
Studies on Appraisal Theory at Home
Studies on Personal Statements
Introduction to Personal Statement
Summary
Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework
An Overview of Attitude System
Affect Resources
Judgment Resources
Social Esteem
Social Sanction
Appreciation Resources
Interactions of Affect, Judgment and Appreciation
Borders of Affect, Judgment and Appreciation
Summary
Appendix 1: Papers Published during Graduate Studies
Appendix 2: Some Samples of the Study
References
Acknowledgements
英语教育专业毕业论文提纲模板
所谓论文提纲，是指论文作者动笔行文前的必要准备，是论文构思谋篇的具体体现。构思谋篇是指组织设计毕业论文的篇章结构，以便论文作者可以根据论文提纲安排材料素材、对课题论文展开论证。下面我以英语教育专业毕业论文提纲为例，为大家介绍论文提纲的写法。
英语教育专业毕业论文提纲模板一
摘要 2-3
Abstract 3
引言 6-13
一、研究的背景 6-7
二、文献综述 7-11
(一) 国外研究状况 7-9
(二) 国内研究状况 9-11
三、研究方法 11-12
四、创新之处 12-13
第一章 小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学的理论思考 13-22
一、相关概念的界定 13
二、小学高年级实施英语语篇整体性教学的必要性 13-14
(一) 小学高年级学生心理发展的特点 13
(二) 小学高年级英语语篇的特点 13-14
三、小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学的理论基础 14-18
(一) 心理学中的整体性原则 14-15
(二) 心理学中的认知理论 15-16
(三) 三种阅读教学模式 16-18
四、小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学的主要类型 18-22
(一) 对话类语篇整体性教学要素 18-19
(二) 故事类语篇整体性教学要素 19-22
第二章 小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学课堂模式实施的现状调研 22-38
一、调研设计 22-23
(一) 调研对象 22
(二) 调研方法 22
(三) 调研内容 22-23
二、对小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学推进情况的调研 23-38
(一) 对语篇整体性教学实施态度的调研 23-25
(二) 对语篇整体性教学实施过程的调研 25-27
(三) 对语篇整体性教学实施效果的调研 27-34
(四)对语篇整体性教学实施困惑的调研 34-38
第三章 小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学调研的问题及原因分析 38-46
一、在实施语篇整体性教学过程中存在的问题 38-41
(一) 过于重视“整体”，完全放弃了 “局部”知识点学习 38-39
(二)为了体现“学生主体”，大胆放弃“教师主导” 39-40
(三)误解“阅读语篇”的意义，变成“反复朗读语篇” 40
(四)为了“整体情境”，拘泥于“单一情境” 40
(五)为了“立足语篇”，拒绝“适当有效拓展” 40-41
二、小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学问题产生原因的分析 41-46
第四章 优化小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学的途径 46-54
一、小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学课堂实施的原则 46-51
(一) 整体理解为主,细节理解为辅 46-48
(二) 语感训练为主,语法理解为辅 48-50
(三) 思维训练为主,知识技能掌握为辅 50-51
二、小学高年级英语语篇整体性教学的策略研究 51-54
(一) 确立明确的教学目标 51
(二) 分配合理的预习任务 51-52
(三) 关注有效的情景创设 52
(四) 把握清晰的主线设置 52
(五) 关注丰富的拓展阅读 52-54
结语 54-55
参考文献 55-59
致谢 59-60
英语教育专业毕业论文提纲模板二
Idiom Translation under the Chinese and English Cultures
Class XXX Number XXX Name XXX
Abstract: Nida, a famous translator, says, "For truly successful translation, it is much more important to familiarize two cultures than master two languages, because words are assigned meanings in its particular cultures."(Background information) This is to say, translation is closely related with not only languages but also cultures. Studies of the cultural distinction in idiom translation are still relatively weak in the field of translation in China. Exclusive research on the translation of Chinese and English idioms is still incomplete. In the last twenty years, idiom translation has mostly emphasized the level of inter-lingual communication, but cultural differences were rarely involved in it.(Identify problem) This thesis analyses the cultural differences in Chinese and English idioms, then studies English-Chinese\Chinese-English idiom translation methods(Research subject) from the angle of culture(Method) and points out some warnings concerning idiom translation: pay attention to context and choose the right version in line with the style and meaning of the original passage(Results); culture is a whole way of life, when new culture emerges, new idioms also appear, therefore idiom translation should develop with the time.(Conclusion)
Key Words: idioms; culture; translation
论英汉文化背景下的习语翻译
摘要 :著名翻译学家奈达指出:“对于真正成功的翻译而言，熟悉两种文化甚至比掌握两种语言更为重要，
因为词语只有在其作用的'文化背景下才有意义。”也就是说，翻译不仅与语言有关也和文化有关。习语翻译中对文化差异的研究在中国的翻译领域中仍然较弱，专门对中英习语翻译的研究还不很完善。近20年来，习语翻译大多强调语际的交流，而很少涉及文化差异。本文通过分析中英习语的文化差异，进而从文化角度研究中英习语翻译方法，并指出中英习语翻译要注意的问题:联系上下文，选择与原文风格，意思相符的翻译;文化是一种生活方式，文化在变化，出现新的习语，习语翻译要与时俱进。
关键词： 习语;文化;翻译
1. Introduction
Idioms universally exist in every language. An Idiom is a word or an expression
that cannot be literally translated from the source language into the target language because its idiomatic meaning cannot be understood by literally defining its component parts.(Background) In a broad sense, idioms contain set phrases, proverbs, colloquialisms, slangs, maxims, allusions, etc. (YinLi, 2007:9) In Chinese, they also include enigmatic folk similes. Newmark, a British translation theorist, in his work A Textbook of Translation, said, "I define as culture the way of life and his manifestation that are peculiar to a community that uses a peculiar language as its means of expression. "(Previous research) English Idioms derives from English cultures and daily life. In real context, idioms explain themselves: nine times out of ten they carry their own explanations. If we are unaware of these, we will find ourselves in a state of confusion since we will assign literal meaning to them. The Chinese Idioms, especially the four-character idioms, have their own unique origins which are closely correlative to the Chinese history and cultures. In view of the difficulties in understanding idioms, we should pay due attention and efforts to understand their cultures and customs. This thesis is designed to dig into the cultural differences between Chinese and English and then elaborates on the translation theories applied to idioms. (Subject + Method)
2. A Comparison Between English and Chinese Idioms
The Cultural Differences Between English and Chinese Idioms Geographical Conditions
The formation of culture is closely related with natural geographical conditions. A specific geographical environment produces a specific culture, which also leads to a particular expression.
Great Britain covers islands including the Northern one-sixth of the island of
Ireland between the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea, northwest of France. It has a moist climate with much rainfall. Rivers and lakes are numerous. No wonder that fishery is thriving and most important in Britain. Accordingly, idioms concerning fish and navigation constitute a great part in English idioms. (LiYuping, 2008:20)(Theory/Results of previous research)
For example, "like a fish out of water". If you feel like fish out of water, you feel awkward and uncomfortable because you are in an unusual and unfamiliar situation. Fish in the air 缘木求鱼 An odd fish 怪人 Miss the boat 错过机会
Trim the sails to the wind 顺势前进
A small leak will sink a great ship 小洞不补要沉大船 (Examples)
On the other hand, China is located in the Asian Continent and reputed as an agricultural country with a large population of peasants. It is not surprising to find many idioms relevant to farming, such as "骨瘦如柴，对牛弹琴, 众人拾柴火焰高,竹篮打水一场空......". Chinese people also have a mysterious and awe feeling for sea, so they have idioms like "海角天涯，海枯石烂，海阔天空，海底捞针，海市蜃楼......". (Analysis)
History
The Similarities Between English and Chinese Idioms
Colours
Numbers
3. Methods of Idiom Translation
Translation is far more than a science. It is also a skill, and at the ultimate analysis, fully satisfactory translation is always an art. (Nida, 1982:49) Translation is considered as the cultural bridge and media between two languages. As there are wide differences in vocabulary and syntax between English and Chinese, translation is no easy job. Therefore, in order to keep the flavor of the original as well as cater for both the Chinese and English languages, translation skills should be reasonably employed in the process of translating, such as the following translating methods:
Literal Translation
Free Translation
Translation with Notes
Replacement with Similar Idioms
The Translation of Corresponding Idioms with the Same Meaning
A Combination of Literal and Free Translation
4. Some Warnings Concerning Idiom Translation
5. Conclusion
One of the major characteristics identifying us as human is our ability to use language. Language plays a very important role in people’s daily life; it enables people communicate with each other and understand others' feelings. Language has close relations with culture. It is impossible to separate language from culture. As the essence of language, idioms also have close relations with culture. The contents of them range from society, history, psychology to customs and other various social phenomena. So, in the process of translation, translators should pay more attention to the cultural factors, in doing this, he can dig up the implicit meanings. (Conclusion of research) Only the cultural factors are concerned, translators can have a satisfactory translation. Besides, people should get acquaintances with the cultural background when using idioms to avoid embarrassment in communication. (Suggestions)
References
[*] 作者. 书名(英语的斜体). (出版地：)出版社，年份：参考内容页码 [*] 作者. 文章名(英语的斜体). 刊物名称. (出版地：)出版社，年份
[1] Li Mei. Mother tongue and translation. Shanhai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press,2008
[2] Li Qingming. A Comparison of the Cultures between the Chinese and English Language. Xi'an: Northwest University of technology Press, 2007
[3] Nida Eugene. The theory and Practice of Translation. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1982
[4] Nida Eugene. Language, Culture, and Translating. Shanhai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press, 1993
[5] Susan Bassnett, Andre Lefevere. Translation, History, Culture. Shanghai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press, 1987
[6] Luo Shiping. A Research on English Idioms. Shanhai: Shanhai Foreign Language Education Press, 2006
[7] Li Yuping. English Idioms and their Cultural Origin. Tianjin: Nankai University Press, 2008
[8] Yin Li. English-Chinese Idioms and Folk Culture. Beijing: Bejing university Press, 2007
[9] Zhang Yajun. A Kaleidoscope of Chinese Culture. Beijing: Sinolingua, 2008\
[10] 李云(Li Yun).《新编大学翻译教程》. 北京：世界知识出版社, 2007 [11] 马爱英(Ma Aiying).《中英文化翻译》. 北京：科学出版社, 2006
英语专业的论文提纲模板
导语：在毕业论文的.写作过程中，指导教师一般都要求学生编写提纲。从写作程序上讲，它是作者动笔行文前的必要准备；从提纲本身来讲，它是作者构思谋篇的具体体现。下面我整理了英语专业的论文提纲模板，欢迎参考借鉴！
Chapter One Influencing Factors of Creative Treason
Background of Gone with the Wind
Author's Life and Emotional Experience
Development of the Feminist Movement
Influence of Economic Crisis
Background of the Translator
Reader's Expectations and the Ability to Accept
Chapter Two Creative Treason and Translator Style
Selection and Use of Words
Symbolthe Usage of Idioms
Symbolthe Usage of Reduplication
Structure and Modalitythe Usage of Parallel Construction
' Logic and Combination
's Device and Style
's Transition
, Slangs and Fixed Collocations
Identity
of Narrative Style
Chapter Three The Limitation of Translator Style
Chapter Four The Sociality of Creative Treason
Significance
Significance
' Effort
Conclusion
This article conclusion
Creative treason develops a new domain for literary translation. In this thesis, thebackground of main factors was taken as the entry point. Through analyzing thebackground of tiie original, translator and readers we got the result that affected byvarious factors especially different background the creative treason in literary translationis objective and inevitable. By reason of existence of creative treason, it is possible toform the unique translation style in the translation process. Based on parsing FuDonghua's version of Gone with the Wind,this study analyzes translator style from sixaspects and has proved the existence of translator style. Retoning to the ultimate purposemotivation of translation, we should affirm that the translation work which is in theframework of the original and makes recreations for the need of target readers is thehigh-quality one.
Behind two literary works are two different languages, behind two languages are twodifferent cultures,after discussing the translator style which is based on the languageexchange we should see the most fundamental factor is the cultural differences, which isone of the social significance of creative treason. Just as Escarpit states, all thetranslations are the result of creative treason. So the social significance of translation isalso creative treason V In the process of social development the role of translation can notbe replaced and the creative treason's function should be paid more attention to. For theexistence of creative treason, we can not ignore the hard work and efforts the translatorsdo,it should be folly admitted and respected.
In addition to translation activities, in the field of other social life, we can still findthe creative treason. There are some subjective factors which are mixed into theunderstanding and judgment of object,that's why different people have differentcognitions for the same thing. Therefore, in the process of recognizing the world creativetreason always exists- This can be the new point of creative treason's socialization, enrichthe connotation of the concept and extend the social significance of creative treason.
英语毕业论文提纲模板
紧张又充实的`大学生活即将结束，毕业前要通过最后的毕业论文，毕业论文是一种有准备的检验学生学习成果的形式，毕业论文应该怎么写才好呢？以下是我整理的英语毕业论文提纲模板，希望能够帮助到大家。
Acknowledgements 4-6
Contents 6-10
List of Figures 10-12
List of Tables 12-20
Abstract 20-22
摘要 23-25
Chapter 1 Introduction 25-32
Purpose of the study and research questions 28-29
Significance of the study 29-30
Organization of the study 30-31
A note on terminology 31-32
Chapter 2 Literature review 32-51
T/TP and coherence in English writing 32-35
Defining coherence 32-33
T/TP as means to realize coherence 33-35
T/TP in EFL/ESL writing 35-42
T/TP and coherence in EFL/ESL writing 35-37
T/TP in EFL/ESL writing as compared to NS writing 37-42
T/TP in English research articles by EFL/ESL scholars 42-44
The factors that influence T/TP in EFL/ESL writing 44-47
Training in T/TP 47-49
Summary 49-51
Chapter 3 Theoretical background 51-70
Systemic Functional Grammar 51-55
Five dimensions of language as a semiotic system 51-53
Three metafunctions of language as a functional system 53-54
Three lines of meaning from metafunctions 54-55
Theme and thematic progression 55-70
Theme 56-62
Thematic progression 62-70
Chapter 4 Research Design 70-88
The participants and the educational context 70-73
Background of the participants and the participating school 70
The allocation of participants to the training 70-71
The sample sizes 71-72
The pilot study 72-73
The interventional procedures 73-74
The questionnaire 74-75
The training 75-80
Considerations behind the training 75-76
The training material 76-79
The role of the researcher as the trainer 79-80
Data analysis 80-86
Analysis of the writing 80-86
Analysis of the questionnaire 86
Ethical considerations 86-88
Informed consent 86-87
Anonymity 87
Harm 87-88
Chapter 5 Results and analysis of pre-training writing 88-115
Comparison of Themes in EEL pre-training writing and CEL pre-writing 88-102
Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 88-91
Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 91-95
Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 95-100
Interpersonal Themes 100-102
Comparison of thematic progression in EEL pre-training writing and CEL pre-writing 102-110
Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 102-107
Back,contextual and new Themes 107-110
Summary 110-115
Chapter 6 Results and analysis of post-training writing 115-137
Comparison of Themes in EEL post-training writing and CEL post-writing 115-129
Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 115-117
Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 117-121
Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 121-126
Interpersonal Themes 126-129
Comparison of thematic progression in EEL post-training writing and CEL post-writing 129-132
Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 129-131
Back,contextual and new Themes 131-132
Summary 132-137
Chapter 7 Results and analysis of pre- and post- training writing 137-155
Comparison of Themes in pre- and post- training writing 137-147
Topical,textual and interpersonal Themes 137-139
Topical Themes:marked and unmarked Themes 139-142
Textual Themes:continuatives,conjunctions and conjunctive adjuncts 142-145
Interpersonal Themes 145-147
Comparison of thematic progression in pre- and post- training writing 147-150
Linear,constant,summative and split progressions 147-149
Back,contextual and new Themes 149-150
Summary 150-155
Chapter 8 Results and analysis of the questionnaire 155-165
Findings from closed questions 155-160
EEL participants' general attitude to training on T/TP 155-157
EEL participants' perception of the usefulness of the training on T/TP 157-158
EEL participants' perception of the learnability of T/TP 158-159
EEL participants' perception of the applicability of T/TP in writing 159-160
Findings from open questions 160-164
The changes that occurred 161-162
The perceived difficulty of applying the theory of T/TP in writing 162-163
The reasons for the perceived difficulty in learning 163
EEL participants' suggestions for future training 163-164
Summary 164-165
Chapter 9 Discussion 165-195
Findings with regard to research questions 165-187
Chinese college students' use of T/TP in pre-training writing 165-172
Chinese college students' use of T/TP in post-training writing 172-181
Effects of the training on T/TP in Chinese college students' English writing 181-187
Positioning the study within the literature 187-190
T/TP in Chinese college students' English writing 187-189
Effects of training on Chinese college students' use of T/TP 189-190
Implications 190-194
Pedagogical implication 190-193
Methodological implication 193-194
Limitations 194-195
Chapter 10 Conclusion 195-200
Summary 195-197
Putting everything together 197-199
Suggestions for future work 199-200
Notes 200-202
References 202-214
Appendix 1: Plan for the interventional procedures 214-215
Appendix 2: The post-training questionnaire 215-217
Appendix 3: Training material 217-229
Appendix 4: Teachers' guide to the training 229-237
Appendix 5: Consent form for EEL group 237-238
Appendix 6: Consent form for CEL group 238-239
Appendix 7: Consent form for NS group 239
中文摘要 3-4
ABSTRACT 4
Chapter One Introduction 7-10
Motivation of the present study 7-8
Significance of this study 8
Composition of this thesis 8-10
Chapter Two Literature Review 10-19
Language production 10-14
L1 Production 10-11
L2 Production 11-12
Dimensions of language production 12-14
Theories on oral output 14-15
Skehan’s dual-model system 14
Swain’s Output Hypothesis 14-15
Task Repetition 15-17
Task 15-16
Task repetition 16-17
Relevant studies on effects of task repetition on L2 oral output 17-19
CHARPTER THREE THE CURRENT STUDY 19-25
Research justification and questions 19
Hypothesis 19-20
Methods 20-25
Participants 20-21
Material 21
Research design 21-23
Measures 23-25
Chapter Four Results and Discussion 25-41
Results and Analysis 25-34
Quantitative analysis 25-27
Qualitative analysis 27-34
Discussion 34-41
Fluency 34-36
Complexity 36-38
Accuracy 38-39
interlanguage development path of learner L 39-41
Chapter Five Conclusions 41-44
Conclusion and implication 41-43
Limitations and recommendations 43-44
Acknowledgements 44-45
References 45-49
Appendixes 49-54
A. Instructions of the experiment 49-50
B. The same-content task 50-51
C. The different-content task 51-52
D. Sample of oral pre-task 52-53
E. Sample of oral post-task 53-54
F. Sample of writing repetition task 54
Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction
Research Background
Significance of the Study
Research Goals and Questions
Data Collection and Methodology
Analysis Procedures
Organization of the Thesis
Chapter 2 Literature Review
Introduction to Appraisal Theory
Studies on Appraisal Theory
Studies on Appraisal Theory Abroad
Studies on Appraisal Theory at Home
Studies on Personal Statements
Introduction to Personal Statement
Summary
Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework
An Overview of Attitude System
Affect Resources
Judgment Resources
Social Esteem
Social Sanction
Appreciation Resources
Interactions of Affect, Judgment and Appreciation
Borders of Affect, Judgment and Appreciation
Summary
Appendix 1: Papers Published during Graduate Studies
Appendix 2: Some Samples of the Study
References
Acknowledgements
英语教学毕业论文提纲模板精选3篇
论文提要是内容提纲的雏型。一般书、教学参考书都有反映全书内容的提要，以便读者一翻提要就知道书的`大概内容，下面是我为大家推荐的3篇英语教学毕业论文的提纲模板，希望大家喜欢!
英语教学毕业论文提纲模板一
Abstract 5-6
摘要 7-9
1. Introduction 9-11
Background of the Research 9
Significance of the Research 9-10
Structure of the thesis 10-11
2. Literature Review 11-19
Some Attempts to Define expert and novice teacher 11-13
An overview of studies on teaching behaviors 13-16
An overview of the characteristics of expert teachers' teaching behaviors 16
Limitations of the Previous Studies 16
Theoretical bases 16-19
3. Research Design 19-25
Subjects 19-20
Observed teaching tasks 20-21
Classification of English teachers’ teaching behaviors 21-22
Research method 22-24
Research Procedures 24-25
4. Data Analysis and Discussion 25-51
Diversity in Speech Presentation behavior 25-33
Diversity in Text Presentation 33-38
Diversity in Action Presentation (body language) 38-40
Diversity in interaction behavior 40-51
5. Conclusions and Implications 51-55
Conclusions 51-53
Pedagogical Implications 53-54
Limitations and recommendations for the Further Research 54-55
Acknowledgments 55-56
References 56-59
Appendix I Classroom observation worksheet of teaching behavior 59-61
Appendix II 唐卫海提问行为类别观察表 61-62
Appendix III 攻读硕士学位期间发表的论文 62
英语教学毕业论文提纲模板二
Abstract 3-4
摘要 5-7
Tables 7-10
1. Introduction 10-14
Research Questions 11
The purpose and significance of this research 11-12
Layout of thesis 12-14
2. Literature Review 14-24
The concept and connotation of teaching journal 15-17
The Content of teaching journal 17-20
Reflective level 20
The styles of teaching journal 20-24
Design 24-26
Purpose of Research 24
Subjects 24
Instruments 24-25
Procesures of research 25
Data collection 25-26
4. Results and Discussions 26-52
Results and discussions of quesionnaire 26-32
The writing differences between teachers of differnet professional ranks on reflective content and reflective level 32-45
The writing differences between teachers of different genders on reflective content and reflective level 45-52
5. Methods to Improve Teachers' Reflective Ability 52-56
Problems in the process of reflection 52-53
The ways to improve teachers' reflective ability 53-56
6. Conclusion 56-58
Present findings 56
Limitations 56-57
Suggestions for future research 57-58
Acknowledgements 58-60
Bibliography 60-64
Appendix 64-65
英语教学毕业论文提纲模板三
Abstract 3-4
摘要 5-8
1. Introduction 8-12
Research background 8
Significance of the study 8-10
Organization of thesis 10-12
2. Literature Review 12-22
Language learning strategies 12-15
Definition of the language learning strategies 12-13
Classification of learning strategies 13-14
Studies on learning strategies 14-15
Language learning styles 15-18
Definition of language learning style 15
Classification of language learning style 15-17
Studies on language learning style 17-18
Learning strategies training 18-19
. Review of the relationship of learning strategies and learning styles 19-22
3. Methodology 22-33
Purposes 22
Hypotheses 22
Research participants 22-23
Instruments of the research 23-24
Questionnaire 23
Observation 23-24
Procedures 24-33
Pre-treatment questionnaire 24-25
Language learning strategy training instruction 25-30
Post-treatment questionnaire 30-33
4. Results and Discussion 33-47
Results of the questionnaire 33-43
The results of the T-test in pre-treatment questionnaire 37-40
The results of the T-test in post-treatment questionnaire 40-43
Discussion 43-47
The senior high school students’ learning styles were expanded with the help of learning strategy training 44
The variety of learning styles helps the students to learn better with different learning tasks 44-45
The learning strategies help the students learn better, more easily and actively33 45-47
5. Conclusion 47-49
Major findings 47-48
The learning styles of the senior high students were tended to be various 47-48
The language learning strategy training can expand or even changethe language learning styles 48
Limitations and recommendations for further study 48-49
Acknowledgements 49-51
Bibliography 51-55
Appendix 55-61
AppendixA 关于英语学习风格的问卷调查 55-59
AppendixB 英语学习策略培训观察量表 59-60
AppendixC Listening Material 60-61
英语论文 提纲
英语论文的提纲也有格式的要求，规范的'格式能保证论文的顺利进行。
Acknowledgements 4-5
Abstract 5
摘要 6-9
Chapter One Introduction 9-16
Introduction 9
Background of the Study 9-12
Purpose of the Study 12-13
Significance of the Research 13-14
Thesis Structure 14-16
Chapter Two Literature Review 16-25
Introduction 16
Theoretical Background of Communicative Language Teaching 16-19
Concept of Communicative Competence 16-17
Hymes'Idea on Communicative Competence 17-18
Canale and Swain's Theory 18-19
Overview of Communicative Language Teaching 19-22
Development of Communicative Language Teaching in China 19-20
Features of Communicative Language Teaching 20-22
Relationship between Language Testing and Language Teaching 22
Summary 22-25
Chapter Three Analysis of IELTS Speaking Test and Questionnaire 25-36
Introduction 25
Analysis of IELTS Speaking Test 25-28
Structure of IELTS Speaking Test 25-27
Communicative Approach Embodied in IELTS Speaking Test 27-28
The Questionnaire 28-34
Design 28-29
Participants 29-32
Methods 32
General Results 32-34
Summary 34-36
Chapter Four Findings and Discussion 36-54
Introduction 36
Chinese Candidates'Performance in IELTS Speaking Test 36-38
IELTS Candidates'Attitude towards Oral English Teaching 38-43
Explanations for the Situation 43-45
Implications for College Oral English Teaching 45-52
Teaching Goal 46-47
Teaching Content 47-48
Teaching Methods 48-51
Make Use of Modern Teaching Equipment 51
Establish an Extracurricular Supervision System 51-52
Improve Oral English Testing and Evaluation 52
Summary 52-54
Chapter Five Conclusion 54-57
Summary of the Findings 54-55
Limitations and Suggestion for Further Study 55-57
Appendix Questionnaire 57-58
Bibliography 58-62
中文摘要 4-6
Abstract 6-8
Chapter One Introduction 12-15
Research Background 12-13
Purpose and Significance of the Study 13-14
Organization of the Thesis 14-15
Chapter Two Literature Review 15-34
Definitions of Affect 15-17
Classifications of Affect 17-23
Individual Factors 17-21
Co-relative Factors 21-23
Relevant Theories of Affect 23-30
Krashen’s Monitor Model 24-28
Piaget’s Constructivist Theory 28-30
Relevant Studies Abroad and at Home 30-34
Relevant Studies Abroad 31-32
Relevant Studies at Home 32-34
Chapter Three Methodology 34-37
Research Questions 34
Research Subjects 34-35
Research Instruments 35
Research Procedures 35-36
Research Methods 36-37
Chapter Four Data Analysis and Discussion 37-54
Application on Students’ Learning 37-45
Fostering Students’ Positive Attitude 37-38
Stimulating Students’ Motivation 38-40
Enhancing Students’ Self-esteem and Self-confidence 40-42
Developing Students’ Empathy 42-43
Lowering Students’ Anxiety 43-45
Application on Teachers’ Teaching 45-48
Getting a Better Understanding to their Students 46-47
Identifying Teachers’ Attitude to the Students 47-48
Discussions on the Results 48-54
Differences between Traditional Teaching and ScaffoldingInstruction 48-50
Applications on Affective Teaching Methods 50-54
Chapter Five Conclusion 54-59
Implications 54-58
Stimulating Students’ Learning Process 54-56
Improving Teachers’ Affective Qualities 56-58
Limitations and Suggestions 58-59
Bibliography 59-64
Appendix 64-67
作者简介 67-68
Acknowledgements 68
摘要 4-6
Abstract 6-7
Chapter One Introduction 10-13
Background of the Research 10-11
Significance of the Research 11-12
Structure of the Research 12-13
Chapter Two Literature Review 13-19
General Review of Researches on the Translation of Puns in English Advertisements in China4 13-15
Review of Previous Studies on Pun Translation Abroad 15-16
Review of Research on the Functional Equivalence Translation of Rhetorical Devices 16-17
Problems in Current Researches 17-19
Chapter Three Puns in English and Its Application in English Advertisements 19-27
Definition of Puns 19-20
Constitutive Elements 20-21
Classification and Application of Puns in English Advertisements 21-27
Chapter Four Theoretical Explanations-Functional Equivalence Theory 27-31
Background of the Emergence of Nida's Functional Equivalence Theory 27
Main Ideas of Nida's Functional Equivalence Theory 27-28
Contribution of Nida's Functional Equivalence Theory 28-31
Chapter Five the Feasibility of Adopting Functional EquivalenceTheory in Translation of English Advertisements 31-38
Equivalence 31-33
Language Function 33-35
Readers' Response 35
Cultural Level 35-38
Chapter Six Translation Strategies of Puns in English Advertisements under the Guidance ofFunctional Equivalence Theory 38-44
Word for Word Translation 38-39
Division 39-40
Borrowing 40-42
Focused Translation 42-43
Annotation 43-44
Conclusion 44-47
Summary of the Research 44-45
Limitations of the Research 45
Suggestions for Further Studies 45-47
Bibliography 47-49
攻读硕士学位期间取得的科研成果 49-50
Acknowledgements 50
英语论文提纲 格式
英语论文的论文提纲应该怎样编写呢?让我们看看建议以及论文的提纲范文吧!
Acknowledgements 4-5
Abstract 5
摘要 6-9
Chapter One Introduction 9-16
Introduction 9
Background of the Study 9-12
Purpose of the Study 12-13
Significance of the Research 13-14
Thesis Structure 14-16
Chapter Two Literature Review 16-25
Introduction 16
Theoretical Background of Communicative Language Teaching 16-19
Concept of Communicative Competence 16-17
Hymes'Idea on Communicative Competence 17-18
Canale and Swain's Theory 18-19
Overview of Communicative Language Teaching 19-22
Development of Communicative Language Teaching in China 19-20
Features of Communicative Language Teaching 20-22
Relationship between Language Testing and Language Teaching 22
Summary 22-25
Chapter Three Analysis of IELTS Speaking Test and Questionnaire 25-36
Introduction 25
Analysis of IELTS Speaking Test 25-28
Structure of IELTS Speaking Test 25-27
Communicative Approach Embodied in IELTS Speaking Test 27-28
The Questionnaire 28-34
Design 28-29
Participants 29-32
Methods 32
General Results 32-34
Summary 34-36
Chapter Four Findings and Discussion 36-54
Introduction 36
Chinese Candidates'Performance in IELTS Speaking Test 36-38
IELTS Candidates'Attitude towards Oral English Teaching 38-43
Explanations for the Situation 43-45
Implications for College Oral English Teaching 45-52
Teaching Goal 46-47
Teaching Content 47-48
Teaching Methods 48-51
Make Use of Modern Teaching Equipment 51
Establish an Extracurricular Supervision System 51-52
Improve Oral English Testing and Evaluation 52
Summary 52-54
Chapter Five Conclusion 54-57
Summary of the Findings 54-55
Limitations and Suggestion for Further Study 55-57
Appendix Questionnaire 57-58
Bibliography 58-62
首先英语论文提纲页应当包括论题句和提纲本身。
其次英语论文的格式规范是怎样的:
第一、要在第一行，也就是在与打印纸顶端的距离约为处，第一行的始端打上“Thesis”一词以及冒号,然后空一格后再打上论题句,接着回行时要注意左边要和论题句的第一个字母保持上下对齐，否则就会出问题(至少你也希望自己长得标致吧，那么那样不标致的论文你看得应该也不顺眼吧)。
第二、论文的主要纲目要用大写的.罗马数字标出，而次要纲目就要依次用大写英文字母、阿拉伯数字以及小写英文字母标出。这里要注意的是各数字或者字母后面都要是一个句点,然后空出一格再打上这一项内容的第一个字母;对于处于同一等级的纲目,一定要注意它的上下行左边都必须保持对齐。另外，同等重要的纲目要在两个以上，也就是说有A应有B，有Ⅰ应有Ⅱ类似这样的。
最后，需要说明的是要是英文论文的提纲比较长的话，那就要用上两页纸，而且第二页应该在右上角用上小写罗马数字标出其页码来，即是ii，这里要注意的是那第一页就可以不用标页码了。
英美文学论文包含英美文学研究，中西文化等研究论文...DickinsonsBecauseICouldn't英美文学与英语教育了解文化差异，走出交际误区浅谈《傲慢与偏见》中的婚姻价值...
一般情况下你论文的第一部分就是绪论即要介绍你整篇论文的目的和意义，还要表明你的观点以及论证的论点的方法途径。正文主要就是提出问题-----分析问题-----解决问题了。我写论文的时候无意间找到了一个很大的一个叫知源论文的，里面有好多资料，可以参考的。
当代英美文学之中的存在主义隶属于当代西方国家的哲学体系,也属于文学理论研究的重要的流派之一下面是我为大家整理的英美文学毕业论文，供大家参考。
一、引言
在中国，自古就有“书读百遍，其义自见”的古训。这句话的含义是在语言学习中，只要不断地进行阅读，在不知不觉中就会了解其中的含义。在英语学习中这个方法其实要一分为二地看待，一方面，通过不断诵读，确实能够有效地稳固学生对于单词、句子结构、整体语感的掌握，但是另一方面，由于英语并不是中国学生的母语，就是阅读再多遍，也不可能达到“其义自见”的程度。这种情况下，英美文学作品的重要性就凸显出来了。我们知道，文学作品是语言文字的集大成者，它是一项非常复杂的但是涵盖面极广的语言的精炼和巧妙的运用。文学作品对于语言文字的驾驭和使用只会高出一般语言文字的使用要求而不会比这个要求更低，那么在英语教学中，是不是可以引入英美文学这一元素，以培养学生英美文学素养这一教学目标来全面提升学生的英语成绩呢?答案是肯定的，经过教学实践，教师们发现，将大量的英美文学作品引入教学过程中，将培养学生英美文学素养作为重要教学目标并以此为基础进行教学活动的确能够极大提升学生的英语成绩，并且学生的英语驾驭能力也有了不小的提升，达到了兼具考试和实用两个层次的价值，对学生的全面成长是极为有利的。
二、当前大学英语教学中培养学生英美文学素养的必要性和可行性分析
1、培养学生英美文学素养能够让学生在潜移默化中更加深刻了解西方文化
文化是语言的基础，文化这一看不见摸不着的事物决定着语言的所有要素。任何一种语言都带有鲜明的地域特色，都是一个国家或者地区文明的精炼。同时语言又是文化的重要组成部分，甚至我们可以毫不夸张地说，对于一种语言的学习，其实就是对于该国家或者地区文化的学习。对于母语的学习和本国文化的学习存在着很大的难度，因为即便是再小的国家，也最少有数百年的历史，这数百年的历史积淀是极为深厚的，想要在短短十数年中精通是绝不可能的。这也就是中国学生每个人的语文成绩都不会太差，但是未必每个人的成绩都会很好的原因所在。本国语言的学习尚且如此，更遑论拒自己国家千里万里的，文化背景和历史完全不同的，文化差异特别巨大的国家的语言的学习。而每一个国家都有具备极强文字驾驭能力的人，他们的文学作品是对整个国家和民族语言的精炼与巧妙组合，不仅对语言文字的解析十分有帮助，还直接体现了本国的文化和社会背景。文化这种元素是无法进行教育的，只能自己去感悟，通过对大学生英美文学素养的培养，就能够提升学生对于英美文化的敏感程度。
2、有效提升学生综合英语能力
中国当前高校英语教育的主要要点就是听、说、读、写四个方面，但是其实我们从这几点就可以看出这个层次是非常低的。举例来说，对于非文学专业的语文教学来说，听和说不必考核，因为这是每一个中国人进行交流的前提，但是对于语文的考察却不会仅仅停留在能读懂和能写出两个层次，语文的考核会考核学生对于古文、现代文深刻的理解，要体会隐藏在纸面上的语言背后深层次的思想感情和文化元素。但是对于英语的考核就没有这么深入。当然，对母语的考核和对外语的考核肯定是要有所区别的，但是当前的英语教学是为了培养更多能够适应国际化的优秀人才，是要让这些学生将来能够在国际上与英语母语的人流畅沟通的，所以要求必须要提高。但是又因为英语不是中国人的母语，所以必须采取一些必要的手段来提升中国学生的英语能力，大量阅读英美文学作品并且体会其中的感情和文化就是不错的方法。
3、能够有效提升学生的审美能力，培养学生正确的价值观念
早在一千多年前的唐朝就有关于“兼听”和“偏听”的讨论。在语言的学习中亦是如此。尽管对于中国学生来说，坚定不移地信仰马克思主义才是正确的道路，但是如果能够对全世界范围内各种意识形态都有一种较为深刻的认识，会让学生的这种信仰更加坚定。并且刨除东西方文化差异和价值观念的碰撞这些直接的元素来考虑的话，任何一个国家都是会讴歌真善美、批判假恶丑的，在情感的表达上，这种人文的思潮是任何国家都一致的。并且当前的时代是全球一体化的时代，学生如果全面了解世界范围内的文化，对其审美能力和价值观念的培养是有很大的好处的。文学作品在提升审美和价值观念方面起到的作用是其他任何事物都无法比拟的，其中的人文性也是其他任何活动都望尘莫及的。
三、大学英语教学中培养学生英美文学素养的现实路径解析
1、培养学生英美文学素养亟待解决的问题探讨
要想全面提升学生的英美文学素养，绝不仅仅是多看基本英美文学名著就能达到目的的，还需要进行全面的准备和改革。第一，要进行教育体制上的必要革新。教育改革在我国已经持续了很多年了，但是似乎整个教育体制变动较大的只是基础教育，高等教育的改革力度似乎并不大。这其实是不科学的，因为高等教育承担着直接为社会输出人才的重要任务，其改革的成效将直接关乎整个教育改革的成败。那么具体到培养学生英美文学素养这一目标上，自然不可以免地要谈到应试教育和素质教育的天平倾斜。想要提升学生的英美文学素养，必然要做的是加大学生对于英美文学的阅读量。并且为了由于英语这门学科并不会吸引大多数的学生，所以有必要用相对的考核对敦促学生进行这方面的努力。当然，本身这种模式都是要打破应试教育的桎梏，考核自然也不能够仅仅是考试。可以适当举办一些活动和比赛，既增加趣味性，又提升学生的积极性，还能够让学生在实践中加深对于英美文学素养的理解，一举多得。第二，培养一支高水平的师资队伍就很有必要了。既然要求学生的英美文学素养有一定的提升，那么相应的，教师的英美文学素养必须也有所保障，并且教师在教学思想和观念上也应当有相应的提升。也就是说，高水平的师资队伍具体体现在两个方面，一是教师应当转变思想，正确认识到英美文学在英语教学中的重要作用，将英美文学在高等教育英语教学中的重要作用进行深刻的领会，并且主动地在自己的教学活动中进行必要的创新。教师在这种情况下的要求比传统的英语教师要高得多。在这种形势下，大学的英语教师必须具备扎实牢固的英语基础知识、对西方文化较为深刻的了解、对学生的英语水平有较好的整体把握、对世界各国的一些文化知识都有涉猎。这样能力全面的教师才能够真正担负起培养学生优秀的英美文学素养。第三，当前的英语教材亟需改编。英美文学素养的培养仅凭课上的部分讲解和课下的学生自觉是不能完全发挥其作用的，要做到将英美文学素养作为评价高校学生英语整体水平的重要要素之一，就需要对现有的英语教材进行改编。当前的英语教材是中国的相关专家和一些国外的相关专家联合编写的，这些教材的确更适合中国学生学习，但是却在文学性上有些许的不足之处。未来英语教材应当在保有现有的模式下，加入大篇幅的英美文学作品，使学生学习的不再是专门为他们设置的英语教材，而是原汁原味的英语作品，这样对培养他们真正的语感和适应未来的国际化社会是更加有利的。当然，英美文学作品加入教材中对于学生理解来说是产生了一些困难的，因为文学作品中往往存在大量俚语、修辞和非常规的英语用法，不过对于适应了这些困难以后的英美文学作品赏析就会变得更加简单。
2、培养学生英美文学素养的现实路径
在解决了基本的教育体制、教材、教师三方面的前提条件以后，就完全可以以学生为中心，针对学生的需求来进行文学素养的培养了。第一，要设置多元化的师生互动活动，改变传统的课堂教育模式。英美文学素养的培养不是靠学生读写和教师讲解就能够完全实现的，在教学实践中可以首先指引学生进行自主学习，在教师讲解之前自己先通读设定的篇章，找出自己完全无法理解的地方，用师生交流或者同学间的交流形式来解决这些问题;在课堂上多采取一些活动，例如文学作品的演绎、文学作品读后感的诵读等等，加深学生对文学作品的熟悉和敏感，也能够极大提升学生的积极性;在课外要进行规模更大、范围更广的活动，组织相关的社团组织，定期举办活动等等。第二，多利用当前的计算机技术和网络技术。当前的时代是计算机的时代和网络的时代，教师应当鼓励学生多从网络中获取英美文学作品的相关资讯，可以引导学生自主地了解作者的背景、文学作品的整体逻辑和脉络等等，并且借助于多媒体的设备，用各种声光影结合的形式改变以往仅仅给学生视觉刺激的教师模式。其实这种让学生通过多媒体设备和网络的教学方式，不仅能够在有限的时间内获取更多的文学作品的信息，还能够真正地将传统英语教学中的被动地“教”为主体向现在的主动地“学”而转变，培养学生的文学素养就变得更有成效。第三，要将理论与实践相结合，多鼓励学生说和写。每一个人阅读文学作品以后，或多或少地心中一定会有感悟，教师应当鼓励和引导学生将这种感受说出来或者写出来，让学生将自己心中模糊的感受在说和写的过程中不断清晰和深化，将这些在不断阅读中积攒的一点一滴逐渐融合成为学生的文学素养，使学生的英语学习效率和成果比传统的模式更上一层楼。
四、结语
中西方文化存在差异，这对培养学生英美文学素养来说有利也有弊，有利的一点是学生一旦对西方文化有一定程度的了解，那么对于英美文学素养的提升来说是非常明显的，不利的地方则是学生需要认知的事情太多、太繁琐了。但是其实能够正视和有效利用中西方文化差异的学生，才是未来社会需要的人才。教育问题永远是一个国家最为重视的问题之一，因为它直接关乎到一个国家和民族的未来。在我国的教育体系中，高等教育又承担着直接向社会输出人才的重要作用。在高等教育中，英语是各个专业都必须学习的必修课，但是教学和学习实效是非常差的。近些年来，相关的专家和学者不断地研究大学英语的创新出路，整个大学英语的教学模式都需要进行较大的变动。而在当前形势下，引入英美文学教学模式，培养学生英美文学素养成为了一项理论和实践都取得不小成果的手段。当然，这种模式还处在初级阶段，各项工作还不够完善，但是相信随着时代的发展和教育改革的不断深入，英美文学素养的培养必将成为全面提升学生英语能力的重要手段，为国家培养出更多优秀的适应国际化趋势的人才。
普通高校英美文学是英语专业主干课程之一，该课设置的目的不仅在于加强学生语言基本功训练，更是提高学生素质和培育人文精神的有效途径。《高等学校英语专业教学大纲》指出:“文学课程的目的在于培养学生阅读、欣赏、理解英语文学原著的能力，掌握文学批评的基本知识和方法。通过阅读和分析英美文学作品，促进学生语言基本功和人文素质的提高，增强学生对西方文学及文化的了解。”英美文学课在外语专业曾经备受青睐。然而，在“重技能，轻人文”的大潮冲击下，功利主义泛滥，实用型的课程如口语、听力、翻译课等成了重要的专业课程。英美文学课则显得可有可无，逐渐被边缘化。目前，很多高等院校在制定人才培养方案时，大大压缩英美文学课程。根据调查，河南省大部分本科英语专业的英美文学课时仅为72个学时，其中，英国文学36个学时，美国文学36个学时。每周两个课时的文学课，远远达不到预期的教学效果。
一、普通高校英语专业英美文学课程存在的问题
(一)课程设置概念不准确，内容不完整
英美文学史和文学作品选读是作为两门课程还是一门课的界定没有统一的标准。目前，大多数高校的外语学院都是把英美文学史和英美文学作品选读两门本应分开的课程合为一体，称为英美文学。还有些学校没有开设“英美文学史”这门课，只在学生进入大学三年级的时候分别开设一学期的英国文学和美国文学。学生对整个英美文学史没有系统和宏观的把握，就直接研读作品，使学生只掌握少数具体的作家作品，对各个文学流派、文学传承以及与时代的联系缺乏整体掌握。
(二)课时安排偏少，边缘化趋势突出
为迎合重商主义的社会风气，全国外语院系刮起了一股砍削文学课的飓风。更改教学大纲，削减文学课程，并不顾自己的实际，硬性增设经贸、金融等课程。英美文学课从一二十人小班的、讨论式的教学变成了一两百人的大班讲授式，从两个学年的课程“浓缩”到一个学年、甚至一个学期的课程。有的外语院系干脆把英美文学课定为选修课，英美文学课遭遇严重的“边缘化”。
(三)开设时间不合理，教学内容脱离学生实际
很多学生尽管是英语专业，但在大学一二年级很少接触英美文学作品，尤其是经典作品。文学功底差，到了大三突然接触深奥的文学作品，如经典剧作《浮士德》、《麦克白》等，感到艰涩难懂，因而没有学习兴趣，教学效果很差。实际上，文学课程担负着提高学生人文素质的重任，我们除了要重视专业教育外，也要在大学一二年级就加强学生在文学方面的教育，提高学生的外语综合素质。而学习外国文学是提高综合素质有效而重要的一环。
高校英语专业英美文学课程与教学的现状不利于英语专业学生文学素养的养成，大大降低了英语专业的教学质量。这种状况得不到改变，大学英语专业培养的将只是翻译工具，而不是全面发展的英语专业人才。作为高校英语专业英美文学课教师，应该以提高英语专业教学质量为己任，探索教学改革的途径，走出英美文学课程困境，充分发挥英美文学的人文价值。
二、英美文学课程改革措施
(一)调整英美文学课的教学内容
许多年来，英美文学的教材一直沿用“文学史+选读”的固定而陈旧的模式，教材按照历史顺序，分别列出各种各样的文学史知识，如所有作家的时代背景、生卒年月、作品概况介绍等，这些内容占了大部分的篇幅。其实，将宝贵的教材篇幅用来介绍背景知识是不科学的，这可能会让学生忽略文学作品本身。文学作品应以文学鉴赏为基础，并提升文学批评鉴赏能力和创新思维能力。我们的建议是在作品之前设置一些预习作业与问题，让学生利用现代化的网络和多媒体设备查找和总结作家介绍和作品背景，将宝贵的篇幅留给文学作品本身。作家和文学作品的遴选也是教材改革需要重点考虑的方面。传统的英美文学教材往往是厚古薄今，尤其是早期的经典著作对古英语涉猎过多，如学生在文学课的开始就遭遇内容晦涩难懂的古英语诗歌《贝奥武夫》，难以把握作品的精髓与内涵，这样很容易挫伤学生的学习积极性。由于英美文学时间跨度大、内容非常广泛，名家名作不胜枚举，教材的设置和作家的取舍一定要考虑到学生的接受程度进行宏观把握下的重点筛选，比如在讲美国文学中的当代戏剧时，应将重点集中于美国20世纪最伟大的三大戏剧家尤金•奥尼尔、阿瑟•米勒和田纳西•威廉斯，并将他们的写作风格、历史传承进行对比研究，对其代表作如尤金•奥尼尔的《榆树下的欲望》、阿瑟•米勒的《推销员之死》、田纳西•威廉斯的《玻璃动物园》进行对比阅读分析，找出现代人的孤独、欲望和工业社会对人性的摧残等剧作家想要揭示的共同主题。这种方式有利于学生对不同文学时期的科学把握，也有助于增强学习的趣味性和降低学习难度。
(二)改革英美文学课的教学模式
由传统的英美文学教材衍生出教师一言堂的“填鸭式”教学模式，英美文学教师在课堂上照本宣科，学生则疲于对这些知识死记硬背，根本谈不上自己对某一具体作品的见解和思考，更不用说对文学经典的鉴赏与文学情趣的提升。由于教材死板，授课方式墨守成规，英美文学课变成了精读课+历史课，学生学到的只是一些具体的语言知识点，而没有提升对文学文本的整体分析能力和感悟能力。英美文学教师可以尝试设计研究性课堂和实践教学模式。在英美文学课开始时，由教师推荐一些有关英美文学与文化的研究课题给学生进行研究，如维多利亚时代文学研究、美国梦文学研究、美国现代戏剧研究等。全班学生分成若干组，承担不同的课题，并在课堂上用幻灯片等方式陈述研究结果。另外，为了提高学生对英美文学作品的学习兴趣可以采取多渠道的实践教学活动，如举办英文诗歌朗诵比赛、英语戏剧表演、适时组织收看英文原版电影等。
(三)采用多媒体及计算机网络辅助教学手段
英美文学远离我们熟悉的母语环境和语言习惯，且跨越时代久远，陈旧、落后的“书+黑板+粉笔”的传统教学模式难以创设生动活泼的课堂教学情景，难以引起学生浓厚的学习兴趣。采用多媒体和计算机网络辅助课堂教学等现代化的教学手段有利于改革英美文学教学效果。目前多数高校普遍存在多媒体设施不足和设施陈旧等问题，高校应加强在这方面的投入，为多媒体及计算机网络辅助课堂教学模式的探索和推广铺平道路。
首先，借助多媒体和网络的课堂教学模式可以让抽象、晦涩的文学作品通过视频、音频等材料更生动、直接和立体地呈现在学生眼前耳边，可以提高学生的学习兴趣，活跃课堂气氛，从而改善英美文学课堂上沉闷、单调、枯燥的教师一言堂的顽疾，充分调动学生的学习积极性，开发学生的创造性思维，从而提升学生的学习效果。其次，借助多媒体和网络技术的教学模式，能更大限度地克服授课时间与授课场所的限制，有助于将学生的自主学习向课外有效延伸，实现学生的个性化自主学习与课堂教学的有效衔接。
多媒体和网络辅助教学形式下教师的角色发生了很大变化，对授课教师提出了更高的要求。教师必须深刻钻研材料，把握教学重点和难点，制定出明确的课堂教学目标，设计出为之服务的方案，确定有效传递教学信息的媒体类型和使用技巧，使媒体发挥更大的作用。授课教师要转变教学理念和方法，懂得设计以学生为主体的教学活动。教师应由原来的“以教为主”转变为“以学为主”，并通过培训等方式快速掌握现代化的教学方法，有效配合传统的教学方法，实现学生语言综合技能的提高。