关于化工的英文文献

To date, aqueous solution of basic alkanolamine is the most economical and widely used process to effectively remove H2S, CO2, and other acidic components in a continuous absorption/regeneration Acid gases like CO2, H2S, and other acidic compounds react with an alkanolamine via an exothermic, reversible reaction in a gas/ liquid Subsequently, the absorbed acid components are removed from the alkanolamine in a regenerator by steam stripping before recycling the alkanolamine to the The ability of an alkanolamine solution to remove acidic gases is determined by the acid gas solubility, reaction rate and mass transfer properties [4] Versteeg and Swaaij [3,5] studied the reactions between CO2 and aqueous and non-aqueous solutions of primary, secondary, and tertiary alkanolamines at various The reaction of CO2 with primary and secondary alkanolamine was described using the Zwitterion-mechanism and Brønsted relation was used to describe the reaction of CO2 with tertiary Aqueous tertiary alkano-lamine solutions, especially MDEA (methyl di-ethanol amine) and TEA (tri-ethanol amine), have been found to be very effective solvents for the selective removal of H2S Besides MDEA, DIPA (di iso-propyl alcohol) was also reported to have greater selectivity for H2S over CO However, a few authors reported the simultaneous absorption of CO2 and H2S in an aqueous solution of MDEA and DIPA [6,7] MDEA, a tertiary amine, is less basic than primary and secondary MDEA is most promising because of its capacity to react with the acid Moreover, the advantage is enhanced by the fact that MDEA is highly selective for H2S and less selective for CO2, whereas MEA (mono ethanol amine) and DEA (di ethanol amine) are highly selective for CO2 present in the acid These beneficial characteristics of MDEA result in potential benefits, which include increased capacity for existing units, decreased capital cost for new units, and lower cost of energy required for MDEA is a tertiary amine and therefore carbamate formation with CO2 does not take 迄今为止，碱性链烷醇胺的水溶液是在经济和广泛使用的过程中，在连续吸收/再生过程中有效去除H 2 S，CO 2和其它酸性组分。酸性气体如CO 2，H 2 S和其它酸性化合物通过气/液接触器中的放热，可逆反应与烷醇胺反应。随后，在将链烷醇胺再循环到吸收器之前，通过蒸汽汽提，在再生器中将链烷醇胺中吸收的酸组分除去。链烷醇胺溶液去除酸性气体的能力取决于酸性气体的溶解度，反应速率和传质性质[4]。 Versteeg和Swaaij [3,5]研究了二氧化碳与一级，二级和三级链烷醇胺在各种温度下的水溶液和非水溶液之间的反应。使用两性离子机理描述了CO 2与伯和仲链烷醇胺的反应，并使用Brønsted关系来描述CO 2与叔链烷醇胺的反应。已经发现水性叔链烷胺溶液，特别是MDEA（甲基二乙醇胺）和TEA（三乙醇胺）是用于选择性除去H 2 S的非常有效的溶剂。除了MDEA之外，还报道了DIPA（二异丙醇）对H2S比二氧化碳具有更高的选择性。然而，一些作者报道了在MDEA和DIPA的水溶液中同时吸收CO 2和H 2 S [6,7]。 MDEA是一种叔胺，与伯胺和仲胺的碱性相当。 MDEA是最有希望的，因为它能够与酸性气体反应。此外，由于MDEA对H 2 S具有高选择性并且对CO 2具有较少的选择性，MEA（单乙醇胺）和DEA（二乙醇胺）对于存在于酸性气体中的CO是高选择性的，所以其优点得到提高。 MDEA的这些有益特征产生潜在的好处，其中包括提高现有单位的能力，降低新单位的资本成本，降低净化所需的能源成本。 MDEA是叔胺，因此不会发生含二氧化碳的氨基甲酸酯形成。

因此，MDEA的气体分离过程更加稳定，并且在较长时间内没有伪造工厂停工。使用不同的胺（一级，二级和三级）取决于酸性气体中的h2s和co2的组成。根据酸性气体组成，在不同的阶段/单位使用伯胺，仲胺和叔胺来应付问题。在气体处理工艺中使用混合胺系统的倾向也在日益提高。混合胺体系结合了叔胺的较高的平衡容量和较高的伯胺和仲胺的反应速率，可以显着地改善二氧化碳的吸收，从而大大节省了再生能量的需求。用于从气流中除去h2s和co2的胺洗涤并不简单直接。胺工厂的运行状况，例如过度起泡，腐蚀和容量降低，往往归因于胺热稳定盐（HSS）的积累。而HSS导致昂贵的维护问题，例如腐蚀，频繁的过滤器更换，以及吸收器中的发泡和可用于气体处理的胺的损失。