1、 是拉丁语 id est 的缩写,意思是“那就是说、换句话说”,相当于that is / in other,用来进一步解释前面所表明的观点。2、 是拉丁语 exempli gratia 的缩写,意思是“举个例子,比如”,等同于for example、 for the sake of example、such as,使用 的目的是用几个例子来说明前面的观点。注:这两个缩写后面都要使用逗号。扩展资料:例句(1)Service charge is included in all prices, , you don't have to leave a 服务费都包含在价格里了,也就是说,你不用再付小费。(2)You must avoid taking sweet foods, cake, chocolate, and ice 你必须避免吃甜食,诸如蛋糕、巧克力和冰淇淋。(3)Antonyms that are commonly associated ( ,` wet 'and` dry') 相伴出现的反义词(比如湿和干)。(4)Each of these items are actionable you can actually DO 所有这些项目都是可行的,也就是实际上你可以做到这些。(5)He feels that life is passing him by,,that he is not profiting from or enjoying the opportunitiesand pleasures of 他觉得生活与他形同陌路,也就是说,他从未从生活中得到好处、机会与乐趣。(6)Clearly I need to be able to manage and maintain all the association between all my clothes -- , which pants go with which jackets, 很清晰我需要能够管理和维护我所有衣服之间的匹配关系——例如,哪条裤子与夹克相匹配,等等。