金融市场论文3000字

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Financial crisis in the insurance intermediary John cenaIn the short term insurance intermediaries to survive more pressure from the insurance industry itself, financial intermediaries on the crisis in the industry have a direct impact is These include a limited impact, originally planned in the near future listing of intermediaries may be extended indefinitely; global capital markets in the doldrums, so that the listing and other financing are more difficult to obtain venture capital and additional investment cost will be □ Wang Jin By the time the US loan crisis triggered by the financial tsunami from the United States has spread to the global financial crisis the industry has penetrated into the real economy and lead to a global economic Many well-known economists believe that the crisis in the breadth, scope, and the degree of hazard than the 1920s crisis of the century In the face of this crisis, governments around the world have made a very timely response and have implemented a series of measures and policies to The positive impact of financial crisis The global insurance industry The crisis on the global insurance industry has an enormous negative The world's largest insurance group American International Group (AIG) suffered a crisis of bankruptcy, and the US government to enable it to rescue a huge According to estimates, there are a number of insurance companies to invest in huge losses of mortar nests, within two years if the global capital market is not big improvement, the insurance companies will be very difficult to support the insurance From the breadth and depth of the crisis point of view, the global economy and capital markets recovery may take Pessimistic, over the next two years, on a global scale, or there will be more difficult and even insurance companies into Insurance intermediary is not optimistic about the Marsh (Marsh), Aon Corporation (Aon), Willis (Willis), and other institutions in the same period a profit decline, the stock In the economic globalization, China's insurance industry could not escape the global financial crisis, the direct China Ping An Group's overseas investment is almost tragically, the loss of their need to be able to make up for the operation of a number of The insurance industry is also part of the domestic investment significantly from last year's surplus into a floating F Insurance misfortunes never come singly, part of the investment loss, or part of the underwriting loss or gave birth to the potential In 2008, the Insurance industry's underwriting losses almost certain, and life insurance company through various channels for a large number of sales even dangerous, such as universal insurance to investment-oriented insurance are no huge If in the next few years can not have a certain amount of investment income, perhaps to a certain point in the future to cover the outbreak of the crisis may lead to further life insurance company bankrupt a domino Professional insurance intermediary In the short term survival pressures Leaving the marketing and insurance agents and industry, professional insurance intermediary companies from the three main categories: insurance agents, insurance brokers and insurance As we all know, in the insurance industry, professional intermediaries are very small and Over the years, through insurance agents and insurance brokers for the realization of the total premium size of the premium has not been able to break 3% of the public insurance assessment companies in coastal areas to play a role in the development of the Midwest and Northeast are very From the figures, the professional insurance intermediary for the insurance industry contribution to the small, almost Professional insurance intermediary for the insurance industry with its limited contribution to the commitment of the insurance and related Insurance is basically all-round organ, the actuarial, product development, product sales, a single, nuclear security, scheduled for loss, claims, investment and so on all the functions of its direct sales business difficult to achieve, agents and brokers to help their bodies to complete, the agent Brokers and agencies of its direct sales only added Public service is also estimated insurance claims of the department In many cases, customers need a strong, or insurance claims department is difficult to operate, the public insurance assessment will be It is clear that if the insurance company to maintain its "large" the functions of the professional insurance intermediary to the development of the space is very In the short term, insurers will continue its "large" Strengthen the direct sales business is still in, for example, the Insurance companies are still greater efforts to promote direct telephone business, life insurance companies also continue to expand its marketing In the direct extrusion business, led by auto insurance agent to increase the pressure to survive, led by life insurance agents must be more life insurance salesmen in direct competition, the industry is still in the loss of state agents Companies, operating in the short term will be even more Insurance agents and brokers industry a little different, top 50 brokers in approximately 80% of all shareholders to support a strong background or context of foreign investment, these companies completely dominated the brokerage Shareholders do not support the context of foreign investment and brokerage firm, do not have to face old colleagues, but also insurance companies and direct face-to-face competition advantage does not exist, to survive together, to mention In addition, the financial crisis in the insurance industry under the adverse investment policies to cover benefits the poor, in regard to insurance payment is likely too severe, which often affect the agency's service quality, easily lead to the loss of policy holders on the agency's confidence and At the same time, insurance companies and their harsh on the commission paid by the inertia of the agency may have a negative Parts of the insurance companies may even join forces, compression and the public commission estimated the cost ratio, which not only damage the interests of the intermediary industry, but also hindered the intermediary service innovation is not conducive to policy holders for the agency to provide better, more comprehensive insurance S As a result, within a short period of survival intermediaries more pressure from the insurance industry itself, financial intermediaries on the crisis in the industry have a direct impact is These limited the impact of the original plan in the near future, including the listing of intermediaries may be extended indefinitely; global capital markets in the doldrums, so that the listing and other financing are more difficult to obtain venture capital and additional investment cost will be Bigger and stronger insurance industry Can not do without intermediaries All walks of life can not be separated from the development of intermediary The emergence of various types of intermediaries and prosperity of the market to lower transaction costs and improve market efficiency, greatly promoted the development of all walks of life and global The insurance industry in developed countries, insurance companies will not only become bigger, stronger, the agency also very strong, very well- The development of intermediary institutions need specialization in accordance with the insurance company's request to reduce operating costs and improve operational efficiency as the goal, some of the functions of a "Large" is based on cost-efficiency and low cost, to break the "large" system, insurance companies will be able to radically reduce operating costs, out of the underwriting loss for the difficulties emerging from the shadow of financial crisis and enhance core competitiveness, Will be able to show in the international arena Although the domestic professional intermediaries is also very weak, but is fully capable to assume certain functions of the insurance Shenzhen's insurance sector to pioneer the first transfer of vehicle accidents Gusun functions to the people too, led by an assessment of the public sector to grow rapidly in the near Practice has proved that the domestic and foreign insurance companies to shift some of its non-core functions of the first to benefit from the insurance companies, policyholders can get better service, an intermediary to get the healthy development of the industry; intermediary and the healthy development of the industry, in turn, further reduce the insurance companies The cost of outsourcing services for the insured to provide a better And other industries, the insurance industry specialization is the trend of the times, but also insurance companies to lower operating costs, increase efficiency in the one and only If the insurance companies to gradually transfer the sales, a single, Gu Sun, claims, risk management, customers and even some of the functions such as actuarial, to maintain its core competence, more professional intermediaries, such as generation, a single company, estimated the public, Set loss, detection, security management, actuarial, and other companies will soon emerge and development of the insurance industry, the principal will have a stronger competitive edge, industry-wide decline in operating costs, improve service levels, the whole society on the insurance industry Greater confidence and Prudential case, the insurance industry not only bigger, stronger, but also will become the envy of everyone's career

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作为一个世界上庞大的经济体，作为一种外向型的经济体，中国不可能在这场世界性的金融危机中独善其身。但更为重要的是，我们必须冷静地看待这种影响，只有这样，我们的信心才会有根源，我们才能够化“危”为“机”，从容应对这场危机对我们的不利影响，同时不错过进一步发展的机遇。 在可见的层面，那些严重依赖国外市场的产业和企业肯定会受到非常不利的影响。这里面包括玩具等基本上依靠国外市场生存的企业，也包括纺织业等相当程度上依赖外国市场的企业。但是，这样的行业还不是受到不利影响最严重的企业，最为严重的应该是那些信赖资本市场泡沫的行业。比如说，美国的房产市场不景气，中国的钢铁产业就很受伤，据称，目前我国钢铁产业闲置的产能已超过一亿吨。这还只是一些静态的情况。实际上，动态来看，金融危机对于我们的影响要大得多。一些产业部门的衰退就会减少该部门的就业，进而影响到投资与消费。这种相互的影响，很有可能把整个社会经济拖入下降的轨道，带来全面性的衰退。正因为如此，我们才斥巨资扩大内需，可谓是对症之药。 但是，金融危机对于我国影响决非如上面所说的那样简单。 首先是我国外汇资产的安全。我国目前拥有2万亿美元的外汇储备，总量位居世界第一。这2万亿美元的外汇储备中，有7000多亿美元表现为美国的国债。在危机因素的作用之下，美国国债的收益率节节下降，目前已趋近于零。还有一些以公司债形式存在的外汇资产，由于受金融危机的影响，收益也呈现出不稳定的状态，甚至出现了风险。而其它一些投资，如中投公司的投资，也已出现巨额浮亏。这与操作策略没有任何关系，因为“覆巢之下无完卵”。问题在于如下两个方面：其一，我们为什么会有如此之多的外汇储备？这是一个复杂的问题，与世界性的经济结构失衡有着重要的关系。其二，因为我们对欧美发达国家巨额投资，危机已经把我们与这些危机深重的国家强制性地“捆绑”在了一起。美国为了应对金融危机带来的流动性紧缩的影响，不断向市场注入巨资，不断降低利率。美国早已是一个负债累累的国家，只能向国外举债；而为了维持市场的流动性，又不得不把利率降低到极限。这一切，都会直接导致美元的大幅度贬值。就中国来说，美元贬值直接意味着我国境外资产的损失，美国如果陷入更深的危机之中，中国同样也会遭受巨大的损失。这就使中国陷入了两难的境地。也正因为如此，近来中国才斥巨资购入美国国债，这固然是因为我们的外汇盈余可以选择的投资渠道有限，更是因为中国是一个负责任的大国，有与世界一道共同应对金融危机的决心。同样是因为这样的原因，国务院副总理王歧山才会在中美战略对话会上向美方郑重提出我们的关切，要求美国保障我国在美资产的安全。 其次，是使得我国经济结构调整的形势更加严峻。我国的经济结构确实存在着不合理之处，也早已采取措施对经济结构进行调整，比如说限制“两高一资”企业的投资和出口，适度降低劳动密集型企业商品出口退税率等。然而，经济结构调整是一件相当困难的事情，涉及到新技术、新市场的开发，更涉及到就业市场的稳定。突如其来的金融危机打乱了我们既定的经济结构调整的步骤，一些原本兴旺上升的行业形势大变，企业不断破产，失业人数尤其是农民工暴增，迫使我们不得不逆转政策导向，保就业、保增长，推迟经济结构调整的步伐。 然而，在看到这些不利影响的同时，我们更要看到有利的一面。就世界范围的情况来看，各国正采取积极的行动来应对这场危机。时间已经到了21世纪而不是停留在了上一世纪20年代末期，虽然有人认为这次危机深重的程度要大于那场危机，但没有人相信这场危机会造成同样的后果。这场危机是改革不合理的国际金融秩序最好的时机，我们完全可以利用这次机遇，在国际金融市场上获得与我们的实力相称的话语权。就我国自身的情况来说，这也是一个加快经济结构调整的机遇。从我们所观察到情况来看，那些受到危机冲击最为巨大的产业，正是我们所急需调整的产业。问题的关键在于我们如何制定正确的政策，把握好调整的度，从而使得这样的调整能够运行在我们所能够接受的范围之内。同时，目前也是对国民收入格局进行调整的一个好时机。危机导致企业困难增加，导致失业人口增加和就业困难，这需要我们同时为企业和就业创造市场，更需要我们增加对困难群体的财政资助。这样的资助目前可以看作是应对危机之举，但是，长期来看，这样的资助不仅应该坚持下去，更应该不断扩大总量，使之常态化，这样才能起到扩大内需、改变经济增长模式的作用。 从更为广阔的角度来看，现在人类所谓的发展，是建立在对大自然的无度索取的基础上的，谁能够索取得多，谁索取的方式更加巧妙，谁就会取得所谓的“发展”。这样的发展方式显然是不可持续的。因此，即便是我们能够从这场危机中复苏，还有一个更大的问题摆在我们面前：这种依赖于向大自然无度索取才能够增长的生存模式，还能够持续多久？乐观者认为，在自然资源行将耗尽之前，我们是能够想出别的法子来的。谁知道呢？我们知道，大自然也知道吗？然而，即便是如此，笔者仍然坚信那句名言：“冬天到了，春天还会远吗？”对世界是如此，对中国更是如此。

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