英文学术论文常用句式

1、否定句许多否定句不含not的否定结构。如果论文作者能正确使用他们，就会增加写作的闪光点，使文章显得生动活泼。 Instead of indulging in playing computer games, children should be taught how to benefit from useful information on the 应该教孩子们如何从互联网获取有益的信息，而不是沉溺于玩电脑游戏。 On no account (Under no circumstances)can we ignore the immense value of 我们绝不能忽视知识的巨大价值。 College students take part-time jobs not for more money but fora better understanding of 大学生参加兼职工作不是为了赚更多钱，而是为了更好地了解社会。 One’s salary does not depend so much on his educational background ason his ability and contribution to the 一个人的工资与其说取决于他的教育背景倒不如说取决于他的能力和对社会的贡献。2、非限制性定语从句如果需要对前述的整个句子内容进行解释或说明，就可以用到非限制性定语从句。 Undoubtedly, practical courses can be used to the reality,which is of vital importance to their development in the 毫无疑问，实用性课程可以用于实际中，这对于他们未来发展是非常重要的。 Children tend to imitate what they have seen and heard on mass media, which is sometimes dangerous and 孩子们倾向于模仿大众媒体上的所见所闻，这在有时是危险和有害的。 The majority of students believe that part-time jobs will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job 大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力, 这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。3、让步句让步句是写论文最常用的句式之一，作者务必掌握以下4种用法，可以使英文句子起伏跌宕，富于变化。 This view is widely acknowledged;however，there is little evidence that smoking is beneficial to people’s 这个观点被广泛认可，然而，几乎没有证据表明吸烟对人们健康有利。 Although(Whilst)the computer has been widely used in class, it cannot replace the role of 尽管计算机已经广泛用于课堂，但是它不能取代教师的作用。 Reasonable as the opinion sounds, it cannot bear much 虽然这个观点听起来有道理，但是它经不住分析。 In spite of a lot of conveniences that cars bring to people’s life, it can create a series of serious 尽管汽车给人们的生活带来了许多便利，但是也产生了一系列严重的问题。4、It引导的句子It引导的句子是写作中使用频率最高的句式。作者应熟练掌握其用法，并能灵活运用到文章的开篇、主体段和结尾段中。 It is hard to imagine what our life would look like without computers in modern 很难想象如果现代社会没有了计算机，我们的生活会变成什么样子。 It is conceivable that being physically active does good to 可想而知，积极参加体育活动有利于身体健康。 It is a highly controversial issue whether women should join the armed forces or 女性是否应该参军是一个非常有争议的问题。 It is universally acknowledged that water and air are indispensable to human 人们普遍认为，水和空气对人类不可缺少。5、假设句假设句可分为真实假设句和非真实假设句两种。常用在主体段落表示正、反论证。 If we destroy old buildings, then we will ruin the traditional culture and 如果我们推倒老房子，就要破坏传统的文化和遗产。 You would miss the chance to interact with other students if you used internet at 假如你在家上网，你就会失去与其他同学交流的机会。 Once you change your present job, you will be faced with the danger of being 一旦你变换了现在的工作，就面临着失业的危险。6、倒装句在写作中恰当和准确地使用倒装句，有助于句子表达形式的多样化，使语言更加生动有力。 Only in this way can the problem be tackled 只有这样才能妥善地解决这个问题。 Only when children take arduous efforts can they become 只有当孩子们付出艰苦的努力他们才能获得成功。 Not only does studying in school serve academic purpose, but students learn how to handle interpersonal 在校学习不仅为了学术目的，而且还可以学会如何处理人际关系。 Under no circumstances should youngsters follow negative information on mass media 青少年决不应当盲从大众媒体上的不良信息。7、强调句写作时为了突出句子的某一成分，常常使用强调句。 It is for the benefit of maintaining the ecological balance that human beings ought to protect the endangered animal 正是为了维持生态平衡，人类才应该保护地球上濒危的动物物种。 It is not until people suffer from some fatal diseases such as SARS and AIDS that they are becoming aware of how significant it is for the government to invest more money in medical 直到人们患了像非典和爱滋病这样致命的疾病时，才意识到政府把更多的钱投入到医疗上的重要性。 Nothing in the world is more valuable than 世界上没有比健康更重要的了。8、比较句正确地使用比较结构可以使文章的句式增加变化，有利于提高写作成绩。 Studies show that juvenile delinquency rates are twice as high for youngsters from single-parent families as for those in traditional (同级比较)研究表明来自单亲家庭的青少年犯罪率是来自传统家庭的两倍。 Generally speaking, people in modern times enjoy less leisure time than they did (比较级)一般说来，现代人比过去享有更少的休闲时间。 Compared with those with different abilities, children with intelligence do more well in their school work and intelligence 与不同能力的孩子相比，聪明的孩子在学业和智力测验方面表现更加突出。 Contrary to pop stars, other professionals like doctors and teachers create the true value for their 与明星不同，其他专业人员如医生和教师为社会创造了真正的价值。 Air is to human what (as)water is to 空气对人类就如同水对鱼一样。9、插入语插入语是对一句话做一些附加说明或解释。最常见的位置于句中,一般用逗号或破折号与句子隔开。用得恰当，不仅可以增加字数，而且使文章更显地道和精彩。 Computers,most important of all,create wide communication around the 最重要的是，计算机在世界范围内建立了广泛的交流。 Providing more parking areas,in the long run, has proved to be a practical way out in many large cities in the 从长远的利益来看，提供更多的停车位证明是许多世界大城市切实可行的出路。 Observing local culture,consciously and unconsciously,can reduce the chance of offending the locals, or it will lead to the embarrassment and even 无论是否意识到，遵循当地的文化可以减少冒犯当地人的机会，否则，就会导致尴尬甚至冲突。 Space exploration, some people believe,will bring some unexpected 有人相信空间探索将会带来意想不到的发现。10、原因句几乎所有的写作试题都要求写原因或者可以写原因。议论文的讲道理实际就是说明原因。因此，掌握好表达原因的结构是十分重要的。 Violent films can do harm to young people,because they contains numerous negative 暴力影片对年轻人是有害的，因为其中包含大量负面信息。 Human beings are chiefly responsible for wild animal 野生动物灭绝的主要责任在人类。 We should attribute(ascribe)medical advances to the animals which do substantial contributions to the 我们应该把医学的发展归因于动物对实验做出的巨大贡献。 Because of overpopulation, water shortage has become one of the most serious 由于人口过剩，水短缺已经成为一个最严重的问题。

1、论文题目：要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。　　2、目录：目录是论文中主要段落的简表。（短篇论文不必列目录）　　3、提要：是文章主要内容的摘录，要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字，多不超过三百字为宜。　　4、关键词或主题词：关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。 每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。　　主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。　　5、论文正文：　　（1）引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。 引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义, 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。　　〈2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、 论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容：　　提出-论点；　　分析问题-论据和论证；　　解决问题-论证与步骤；　　结论。　　6、一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料，列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页，标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。　　中文：标题--作者--出版物信息（版地、版者、版期）：作者--标题--出版物信息　　所列参考文献的要求是：　　（1）所列参考文献应是正式出版物，以便读者考证。　　（2）所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。

把先发生的事情写在后面。先把结局说出来，吸引读者了解其起因和过程，如《背影》；插叙，指在记叙过程中，需要插入另一些有关的情节，再接着叙述后来的事情，如《驿路梨花》。

在科学文章写作中，简明扼要是非常重要的。我们整理了一些学术文章的常用句子结构，帮您更轻松地起草论文。论文的摘要定义了研究的范围和目的，并简要描述了结果和结论。引言部分则对研究进行总体介绍，定义研究问题，确定可能存在的差距和矛盾之处，并明确指出研究目的和目标。此外，材料和方法部分提供了有关实验设置，数据收集方法和所用统计测试的详细信息。结果和讨论部分描述了重要的发现，并将其与以前的研究进行比较。论文最后则对全文进行了总结，并对进一步的研究进行展望。以下是一些有用的短语列表，帮您撰写引人入胜的引言： This study/investigate/paper aims to… Prior research investigations/surveys discuss/present/highlight… Several studies suggest In the course of the experiment, xyz played an important These methods were based on previously reported After a series of investigations, it was found Preliminary studies highlight the fact that… An xyz test was used to determine the significance of the Data suggested a significant increase Statistical analysis was performed using xyz The key findings that emerge from the study This image/graph/table suggests A further novel finding from this study The results obtained in this investigation demonstrate three There was a significant increase Similar findings were reported by Because of these potential There are several limitations to the This is particularly important when investigating the From the above findings, the authors conclude that…