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硕士毕业论文摘要英文

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硕士毕业论文摘要英文

毕业论文中英文摘要格式如下:

论文摘要是整篇论文的高度概括和核心总结,内容上应该涉及本项科研工作的目的和意义、研究方法、研究成果和结论。本科生毕业论文的要求没有那么高,但是也要突出你所著论文的新观点。

今天给童鞋们详细说明在毕业论文中,中英文摘要的格式及字体要求。当你的毕业论文初稿完成,建议通过papertime论文查重工具进行初稿查重及修改降重。中文摘要部分的标题为“摘要”,用黑体三号字居中。摘要内容用小四号宋体字书写,两端对齐,汉字用宋体,外文字用Times New Roman体。

本科生毕业论文(设计)的中文摘一般情况是250字左右。

论文的关键词是为了文献标引工作从论文中选取出来用以表示全文主题内容的一组词语或术语,且不要超过5个。每个关键词之间空两个汉字符宽度,不用逗号或其他符号间隔。英文摘要是为了国际交流的需要,内容及关键词应与中文摘要及关键词保持一致,要符合英语语法,语句通顺,文字流畅。

英文摘要部分的标题为“Abstract”,用Times New Roman体三号字加粗。摘要内容用小四号Times New Roman体字书写,两端对齐,标点符号用英文标点符号。“Key Words”与中文摘要部分的关键词对应;每个关键词的每个英文单词的第一个英文字母应大写;每个关键词之间空四个英文字符宽度,不用逗号或其他符号间隔。

最后提醒一下,无论你前面通过的论文检测的相似率是多少,都要用学校规定的论文查重系统进行定稿查重。论文摘要的中文版与英文版要对应,且双面打印。

Theme party is an important form of class activities, classes and effective means of education and moral education work in school is main the network age, people's values and outlook, moral philosophy and attitude to life and existence is changed, the education workers must adjust, advancing with The Times and adapt to the new situation under network environment and development. Currently, the primary class cannot exist with the network environment problems. Therefore, the school must stand in the development, all-round, coordinated and reshape the banner, organization of special training, improve the quality of teacher professional class, improve strategy research, thereby improving pertinence and effectiveness of moral education, cultivate modern moral qualities of the method of documentary, questionnaire survey method, the case study and comparison analysis. Firstly, the analysis of the network environment on the effect of class under the network environment, the main characteristics of the class, the main function, commonly used types and theoretical basis and organizational principle. Then for class status surveys, summed up now, class education target, vague existing content from students' practical and creative design, the student participation owed is not high, the emotional interaction such problems, and finally put forward four, improve class strategies, clear goal, the class under the network environment, perfect the juvenile moral system, Network environment characteristics, the breakthrough with banner development bottleneck, Develop school-based training, improve the special class quality, To create a good atmosphere, improve class status.

Class Meeting is important form of class activities, main channel and effective means of class education and the main front of moral education in the coming of internet time, people's values, world view, moral philosophy, attitudes to life and way of life are changed enormously. Educators must self-adjusting with the times and actively adapt to the network environment, the pace of new developments and requirements. At present, There are some not compatible with the network environment issues in primary and secondary class meetings. So schools must stands on the high degree of development to overall coordinate and remodel the function of class meeting and organize special training, improve class teacher professionalism, carry out research on class meeting, come up with improvement policy to increase relevance and timeliness of education and educate adolescent with modern ideological and moral article uses literature, case studies, questionnaire surveys and comparative analysis to research. At first, it analyzes the effect of internet environment on class meeting and makes overall grasp of main features, the main function of the type commonly used, theoretical basis and principles of organization in class meeting under the effect of internet environment. Then this article makes research on the current situation of class meeting and makes an conclusion that class meeting has problems of vague educational goals, subject content is removed from students practice, less creative on design, low student participation, Emotional interaction not in place, etc. At last, this article comes up with four policies of improving class meeting, that is, specific class meeting goals to improve ideological and moral system of students under the network environment; comply with characteristics of the network environment to break through the bottleneck of class meeting; carry out specific school-based training to improve the quality of class meeting; create a good atmosphere to improve the status of class meeting.看看能不能帮上你 呵呵 我自己翻译的 见笑了

Current electrovalence of our country has adopted the fixed price method taking cost as basis , electrovalence system has included unitary system such as making with two system and leading adjustment , the peak valley electrovalence strenuously , the main body of a book has been studied by the fact that the method forming mechanism , fixed price to current electrovalence draws with electrovalence system carding , has discussed the motivation on the economy adopting current electrovalence policy with effect , has taken that 09 Xu Zhou area year electric power consumes condition as example and, The metastasis going deep into the pattern having studied current mistake unites fixed price having led to being unlike industry , being unlike area and so on compensates effect and achievement an effect. The metastasis studying content makes the electrovalence and the difference electrovalence mainly including two compensates an effect. That research method is one, is that general welfare comes to estimate that the metastasis compensates achievement an effect by analysing consumer surplus , producer surplus and society , two is to take the average electrovalence that current electric power sells as criterion electrovalence , analyses the consumer electric charge differences of all kinds to criterion electrovalence. The proportion studying result indicates an electrovalence , liang of headquarter makes if reasonableness ascertains fundamental electric charge and electricity degree electric charge, can raise the surplus providing power consumption both sides , improves general welfare of society and efficiency. The consumption coefficient of elasticity is different to the difference electrovalence , every industry , every region electric power because of power consumption , adopt the different electrovalence, not bad bigger limit's the electric power consumption promoting every industry , every region consumer, can raise the surplus providing power consumption both sides , improves the public welfare and efficiency thereby. But be unable to return back reasonableness completely at present, with economic growth , the economic pattern adjustment if two proportion , electrovalence differences being unlike industry making the middle fundamental electrovalence electrovalence and the electricity degree electrovalence are horizontal, our country electrovalence structure has very big improvement space. The data calculation should consume a coefficient of elasticity with every industry electric power and counting concretely is ascertained. Adjusting architectural ultimate electrovalence purpose is a potentiation , improves welfare, the main body of a book has been produced suggestion.

英语硕士毕业论文摘要

英文摘要格式如下:

1、英文摘要是应用符合英文语法的文字语言,提供论文内容梗概为目的的短文(内容基本与中文摘要相同,但不用完全逐句对应)。

2、英文题目、摘要、关键词自成一页(1页即可),放在中文摘要页之后。

3、英文字体与行间距:统一使用“西文字体”中的“Times New Roman”,倍行间距。

4、英文题目:使用三号字加粗。

5、英文摘要:“Absract”顶格,使用四号字,并加粗。英文摘要具体内容使用四号字。

6、英文关键词:“Key Words”顶格,使用四号字并加粗。每个关键词使用四号字。

论文摘要应包含以下内容:

(1)从事这一研究的目的和重要性。

(2)研究的主要内容,指明完成了哪些工作。

(3)获得的基本结论和研究成果,突出论文的新见解。

(4)结论或结果的意义。

以上内容参考:百度百科-摘要

以上内容参考:百度百科-论文摘要

摘要硕士生的毕业论文都要求在正文前写一个摘要,摘要又被称为二次文献,具有索引功能,对论文起着重要的作用。

硕士毕业论文摘要怎么写【1】

摘要硕士生的毕业论文都要求在正文前写一个摘要。

摘要又被称为二次文献,具有索引功能,对论文起着重要的作用。

但很少人对硕士生写摘要的水平如何,质量是否符合国家标准进行评论。

本文节选了三所大学的三篇内容相似的硕士论文摘要,对其要素、内容、格式、注意事项等各方面进行了对比分析。

发现三篇摘要的写作都存在不少问题。

由此可见,论文摘要的写作应引起各方的重视。

关键词文摘 摘要要素 注意事项

1 摘要的概念、要素及写作注意事项

摘要的概念和作用

摘要又称概要、内容提要或文摘。

国际文献标准已将摘要(synopsis)与文摘(abstract)合为一个概念,摘要即文摘。

摘要的编写,应遵循文摘标准。

1970年美国颁布了《美国文摘国家标准》。

标准认为:摘要是以提供文献内容梗概为目的,不加评论和补充解释,简明、确切地记述文献重要内容的短文。

文摘一般含有从原始文献提炼出来的四个要素。

这四个要素是连贯的、依次排列的。

它们是:“原始文献中所阐述的目的、方法、结果和结论”。

①具体地讲就是研究工作的主要对象和范围,采用的手段和方法,得出的结果和重要的结论,有时也包括具有情报价值的其它重要信息。

摘要应具有独立性和自明性,并且拥有与文献同等量的主要信息,即不阅读全文,就能获得必要的信息。

文摘要素标准不能唯一化

文摘要素的万全之策是将文摘要素标准具体化。

然而,要求文摘要素一体化是形而上学的、不切实际的。

②如果无视文摘标准的重要性,没有一定的规范,也不能广泛地有效地传播信息。

因此,文摘在标准化的基础上,应注重针对性,适用性和具体性。

③文摘结构模式的区别有几种不同的方法。

一种方法是按照社会科学和自然科学的范畴加以区分;自然科学文献的文摘要素包括目的、方法,结果和讨论。

社会科学文献包括目的、对象、新见解和结论。

另一种是按照不同的文献题材规定不同的文摘结构。

如学术论文,实验报告,小说,散文,专利等。

其中学术论文的要素为目的、方法,结果和讨论。

摘要写作的注意事项

综上所述,本文所要评论的英语专业硕士毕业论文的摘要显然属于社会科学类别中的报道性文摘。

所以,写作上应符合以上类别的要求。

同时,还要严格遵循以下注意事项:⑤

(1)摘要以主题概念不遗漏为原则,硕士毕业论文中文摘要字数为600~800字。

(2)摘要中应排除本学科领域已成为常识的内容;切忌把应在引言中出现的内容写入摘要;一般也不要对论文内容作诠释和评论(尤其是自我评价)。

(3)摘要第一句的开头部分,不要与论文标题重复,每篇摘要都是与题目连排的,题目是文摘的第一句话;(4)用重要的事实开头,突出论文新的'信息,即新立题、新方法、结论与结果的创新性等;(5)删去背景与过去的研究信息,不应包含作者将来的计划,杜绝文学性修饰与无用的叙述;(6)用第三人称写,结构严谨,表达简明,语义确切。

摘要先写什么,后写什么,要按逻辑顺序来安排。

句子之间要上下连贯,互相呼应。

摘要慎用长句,句型应力求简单。

每句话要表意明白,无空泛、笼统、含混之词,但摘要毕竟是一篇完整的短文,连续写成,不分段。

2 对论文摘要的对比分析

本文节选了全国各地四所高校四篇英语专业研究生毕业论文的摘要,论文主题是语篇分析理论和英语阅读的关系。

现将关于论文的主要信息编号列表1

为了表述方便,在下文中用了上表的摘要编号来代替文章,并且把第一部分中的注意事项也编号为注1、注2、注3、直至注6。

三篇摘要都写得不标准,从形式上看有一个共同的不足之处是分段太多。

因为由注6中可知,摘要是一篇完整的短文,连续写成,不分段。

从内容上看,有明显抄袭的痕迹。

摘要1、2、3用了语篇理论中的图式理论,衔接理论来和英语阅读建立联系。

所以他们的见解是一致的,没有自己的新见解。

毕业论文英文摘要是对毕业论文研究内容、方法、结果和结论的简要概括,通常包括以下几个部分:1. 研究背景:简要介绍研究领域的背景和相关研究现状,说明本研究的意义和价值。2. 研究目的:明确研究的目的、问题或假设。3. 研究方法:简要介绍研究采用的方法、数据来源、样本及实验设计等。4. 研究结果:简要总结研究所得到的主要结果和发现。5. 结论与意义:总结研究的主要结论,并说明其在学术和实践领域的意义和价值。下面是一个毕业论文英文摘要的范例:Title: The Impact of Social Media on Consumer BehaviorAbstract: This study explores the impact of social media on consumer behavior. With the rapid development of social media in recent years, it has become an important platform for consumers to obtain information, communicate and make purchases. In order to investigate the impact of social media on consumer behavior, this study conducted a survey of 500 consumers in China, and analyzed the data using SPSS software. The results show that social media has a significant impact on consumers' purchasing decisions, brand loyalty, and word-of-mouth communication. In addition, social media also affects the way consumers perceive product quality and brand image. The findings of this study have important implications for marketers and businesses, providing insights into how social media can be used to effectively influence consumer behavior and enhance brand : Social media, Consumer behavior, Purchase decision, Brand loyalty, Word-of-mouth communication需要注意的是,英文摘要应该简洁明了、语言通顺、逻辑清晰,突出研究的重点和创新点,同时避免太过于细节和专业术语。建议在写作前多参考相关领域的论文摘要,以提高摘要的质量和规范性。

硕士毕业论文摘要转英文

在2010版的word内就有这个功能。(选中要翻译的文字,点击鼠标右键弹出任务栏中就有“翻译”选项,点击“翻译”,选择英文翻译,再把光标置于要插入文本点点击插入就ok啦。另外还可以下载翻译小工具,直接进行翻译就搞定了。我帮你翻:The relationship between accounting regulation and tax law issues is a complex issue, market-oriented economic development in the course of the difference between the two will gradually have an adverse impact on economic development, how to better deal with the differences between the two has become China's economy reform process of the outstanding issues.。Differences in accounting standards and tax laws, and in the accounting and property tax measures taken by the different accounting and tax law, "the authenticity of the principle of" different, accounting "sound principle" and tax "payments to determine" the difference in accounting "importance of the principles "and tax" legal principle "and the accounting and tax 。differences on the" substance over form "understanding and implementation differen。Differences between accounting and tax accounting exist mainly due to the legislative goals and purposes of various tax, corporate accounting must adhere to the "accrual" basis, the enterprise must consider the International Accounting Standards, and economic globalization. Tax laws should be based on the provisions of this tax adjustmentces.

在2010版的word内就有这个功能。(选中要翻译的文字,点击鼠标右键弹出任务栏中就有“翻译”选项,点击“翻译”,选择英文翻译,再把光标置于要插入文本点点击插入就ok啦。另外还可以下载翻译小工具,直接进行翻译就搞定了。我帮你翻: The relationship between accounting regulation and tax law issues is a complex issue, market-oriented economic development in the course of the difference between the two will gradually have an adverse impact on economic development, how to better deal with the differences between the two has become China's economy reform process of the outstanding issues.。Differences in accounting standards and tax laws, and in the accounting and property tax measures taken by the different accounting and tax law, "the authenticity of the principle of" different, accounting "sound principle" and tax "payments to determine" the difference in accounting "importance of the principles "and tax" legal principle "and the accounting and tax 。differences on the" substance over form "understanding and implementation differen。Differences between accounting and tax accounting exist mainly due to the legislative goals and purposes of various tax, corporate accounting must adhere to the "accrual" basis, the enterprise must consider the International Accounting Standards, and economic globalization. Tax laws should be based on the provisions of this tax adjustmentces.

我在学姐的推荐下找到了翻译狗,他最大的优点就是PDF可以直接进行翻译,而且翻译出来的排版和原来的英文排版一致,无需排版方便校对,缺点就是大量翻译要收费,而且语法会有一些问题,后期需要修改,也可以直接找北京译顶科技翻译,人工肯定是比机翻好。

[Summary] Chinese vocabulary of contemporary scholars have made unremitting level of exploration and excellence in research, while significant achievements, but in terms of research has been limited to the vocabulary level of the division. Limit the scope of the study vocabulary , severely limits our understanding of the Chinese vocabulary in today's diverse, humane society, we can not have been limited to the vocabulary level of division of the Department should simply focus on, promote research and theory building of Chinese words to make the development of a breakthrough. on multi-dimensional perspective and highlights the interaction between man and the theme of living space, to establish multi-objective understanding of human nature and the prominent presence of the highest goal, to develop more ideas and highlight the "cognitive - to explain - Culture - Philosophy "the basic idea, a new attempt of the Chinese vocabulary study Key words :Chinese vocabulary; vocabulary study; structure of thinking

硕士毕业论文都需要英文摘要

要的,一般毕业论文标题,中文摘要,英文摘要,中文关键词,英文关键词,目录,正文,参考资料一个都不能少,为了礼貌还要附上感谢,现在论文都快成形式了

硕士毕业论文的基本要求

硕士论文是攻读硕士学位 研究生所撰写的论文。它应能反映出作者广泛而深入地掌握 专业基础知识,具有独立进行科研的能力,对所研究的题目有新的独立见解,论文具有一定的深度和较好的科学价值,对本专业学术水平的提高有积极作用。对于一些论文的基本要求,我们不能忽略,一定得重视,一起看看基本要求包括哪些吧。

1.封面

硕士毕业论文的封面由论文题目、指导教师、学科门类、专业名称/研究方向、日期、封面颜色等部分组成,其中:

(1)论文题目

论文题目字数不应超过26个汉字,可以分两行排列,及中英文对照。

(2)指导教师

填写论文作者的指导教师。没有经过学校相关规定批准的合作指导教师,是不允许在论文上署名的,且署名的合作指导教师人数不超过2人。

(3)学科门类:论文编写者的专业所属的学科门类,例如工学、文学、哲学、经济学、法学、理学、管理学等。

(4)专业名称/研究方向:必须与论文作者的专业目录表和培养方案书一致。

(5)日期:毕业论文的完成时间。

(6)封面颜色:论文的封面颜色可由各个专业自行拟定,每个专业可以选择不同的颜色以示区别。

2.独创声明及授权说明

独创性声明及授权说明页附于论文的摘要之前,需要由研究生和指导教师本人签字后方可有效。

3.摘要

硕士论文的摘要由中外摘要和英文摘要两部分组成。其中中外摘要一般为5-1字。内容包括本论文的课题的研究目的、研究方法、研究成果及得出的结论。摘要应本着突出本论文的创造性成果或创新点,语言精炼,言简意赅。摘要应当具自我解释性,在不阅读论文全文的前提下,读者就能够获取论文所阐述的主要论点及提供的信息。

英文摘要与中外摘要对应,它是是以英文形式对文章的概述,需要注意的是,英文摘要不是对中文摘要的简单翻译,英文摘要页置于中文摘要页之后。

在论文摘要后,另起一行用于标明本论文的关键词(3-5个)。用以表示全文主题内容信息款目的单词或术语,便于文献标引工作从论文中选取。关键词间用逗号分隔,最后1个词后不打标点符号。以显著的字符排在同种语言摘要的下方,尽量以《汉语主题词表》等词表提供的规范词作为依据。

4.目录

目录一般列至二级标题,即列出到三级目录。目录的内容必须与正文标题及各个章节的标题一致。目录页由论文的章、节、条、附录、题录等的序号、名称和页码组成,需要另起1页排在摘要页之后,章、节、小节分别以1、、、、2、等数字依次标出,一二级目录用小四宋体,三级目录用5号宋体,数字及英文字符采用times new roman格式。

5.插图及表格

论文中如果涉及到较多的'图、表,可以给出一个清单,附于目录页之后。图表的清单应有序号、图表名称和页码。

6.正文

论文正文的字数一般至少3万,它是文章的主体,分为标题、文字叙述、图表、公式和数据等部分,文章组织形式可结合学科实际的要求和研究课题的特点而定。

7.参考文献

参考文献是在研究本课题的过程中,对某一著作或者论文的整体参考与引用。

8.附录

在论文的编写过程中,对于不适宜放入正文中的部分,但确实与本论文研究有关的过程或资料均应该放在附录中,以免影响到论文主体的结构或者论点。

9.致谢

致谢部分主要用于答谢对课题研究、毕业论文完成等方面有较重要帮助的人员。

要的,一般毕业论文 标题,中文摘要,英文摘要,中文关键词,英文关键词,目录,正文,参考资料一个都不能少,为了礼貌还要附上感谢,现在论文都快成形式了

英语硕士毕业论文摘要字数

根据学术堂的了解,硕士论文的摘要字数一般在1000字左右。除非有特殊的要求,可扩充到2000字左右。

硕士学位论文摘要的写作中需要注意以下几点:

(1) 摘要应具有独立性和自明性,并拥有一次文献同等量的主要信息,即不需要阅读文献的全文,就能获得必要的信息。因此,摘要是一种可以被引用的完整短文。绝不能认为“全文在后边”,摘要就可简单、随便。

(2) 要客观如实地反映原文的内容,可适当强调研究中的创新、重要之处,尽量包括论文的主要论点和重要细节(重要的论证或数据)。

(3) 注意表述的逻辑性,尽量使用指示性的词语来表达论文的不同部分(层次)。如使用“研究表明…”(We found that…)表示结果;使用“通过对...的分 析,认为…”(Based on…, we suggest that…)表示讨论等。

(4) 要求结构严谨、语义确切、表述简明、一般不分段落;切忌发空洞的评语,不作模棱两可的结论。

(5) 要采用规范化的名词术语、缩略语、代号、计量单位和标点符号。

(6) 不介绍在本学科领域已成为常识的或科普知识的内容。

(7) 不得简单地重复论文篇名中已经表述过的信息,不对题名进行注解。

(8) 尽量不使用表格、图形和化学结构式,也不要使用正文中列出的章节号、图表号、公式号以及参考文献号。

论文摘要一般多少字,一般论文的摘要的字数大概在200字,不要求太多。论文摘要的要求是简单明了,篇幅不要超过全文的5%,以在写论文的时候一定要了解清楚摘要的要求。

摘要(Abstract) 论文一般应有摘要,有些为了国际交流,还有外文(多用英文)摘要。它是论文内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述。其他用是不阅读论文全文即能获得必要的信息。 摘要应包含以下内容: ①从事这一研究的目的和重要性; ②研究的主要内容,指明完成了哪些工作; ③获得的基本结论和研究成果,突出论文的新见解; ④结论或结果的意义。 论文摘要虽然要反映以上内容,但文字必须十分简炼,内容亦需充分概括,篇幅大小一般限制其字数不超过论文字数的5%。例如,对于6000字的一篇论文,其摘要一般不超出300字。 论文摘要不要列举例证,不讲研究过程,不用图表,不给化学结构式,也不要作自我评价。 撰写论文摘要的常见毛病,一是照搬论文正文中的小标题(目录)或论文结论部分的文字;二是内容不浓缩、不概括,文字篇幅过长。 添加评论 .

佛恩摘要,也就是几十个字,把论点摆出来,然后论据从几个方面写,最后得出结论,把这几条都给他,摆明白写一个提纲,八月也就几十个字

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