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在欧洲，从历史开始的时候，就蔓延着吸血鬼的传说。成千上万的人们相信这一传说并在黑暗里因为这个传说而颤抖。吸血鬼是一个古老而神秘的种族。理论上来讲，所谓吸血鬼，可以理解成为某种程度上的死尸。他们没有心跳和脉搏，也没有呼吸，没有体温，而且永生不老。同时，他们有自己的思想，会思考，会交谈，也会四处走动，甚至还会受伤和死亡。血族的职位各个党派和氏族都有所不同。但他们的领导阶级大致是相同的，以领主为首，下设元老员，有13位长老共同议事，其下还有数量不定的议员。领主和长老必须有亲王等级，长老是选举产生，议院是领主和3位长老共同认定的。而领主一般是在前任领主退位后指定继承人或是领主决斗的胜利者担任。由于血族的寿命为无限，而领主的工作有很复杂，一位领主在一定时间的任期后通常都会选择退位。但只要领主仍旧有能力并且自愿承担这个责任，他们可以无限期任职。退位的领主通常会担任一段时间的长老职务，但没有人能强迫他们为本氏族工作，也就是说，退位的领主具有很高的自由性。另外，一个氏族内，主族或副族的领主也可以担任其它副族的长老，而亲王阶级的血族可以担任主族或其他副族的议员，这是为了让他们彼此制约。除了领导体系，血族中还有其他的职位。例如制裁者、审判者、执行者、记述者等。1975年第三届世界异能者联合会议中，人类与血族签定了《共存公约》，由此又产生了与人类打交道的联系者，寻找血源或herd的调节者。（看样子血族真是个文雅的种族……连职位都非得弄得文诌诌的）多利用百度百科
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提供一些易于写作的英语专业毕业论文的主题，供参考。语言学研究：美国黑人英语和政治背景措词与语境从中式英语的现状看其发展趋势中式英语之争：希望与现实中国英语与国际交流从英语发展史来分析汉语热的趋势如何使中式英语成为标准英语？论中式英语成为英语主要方言之一的巨大潜力政治委婉语在伊拉克战争中的使用浅析英语委婉语浅谈英语委婉语的社会心理基础及其语用语义特征英语委婉语构成及其社会功能歧义的语用研究以及对英语学习的启示英语句子歧义初探模糊词在人际交往中的应用英语语言中的性别和种族歧视现象男女英语言语习惯的差异英语广告中的双关语的分类及其修辞作用网络英语新词的形成及其特点词汇发展中的特殊现象——非术语化被动语态在商务英语中的语用作用从礼貌的视角看性别的语言行为差异翻译研究：商务合同英汉互译技巧英文品牌汉译知识对于翻译的重要性中英文化差异及其对英汉互译的消极影响英语广告中修辞手法的应用及其翻译<<红楼梦>>金陵判词两种译文的比较及评析从红楼梦诗词翻译看翻译中的文化补偿关于李后主“虞美人”的3种英译本的鉴赏跨文化交际与商标翻译中式菜肴的命名与翻译浅谈英语电影片名的翻译英文电影片名的翻译策略英文化妆品广告之美学翻译数字在中西文化中的内涵差异及数字习语翻译初探浅析原语文本在目标语文本中文体的适应性英语习用语翻译中的等效性研究论语境在英汉翻译中的作用浅析英语动画片翻译的基本原则中英服饰广告的翻译论英汉翻译中语篇连贯的重要性论译者的风格与译风经济英语中的隐喻及其翻译从翻译的美学角度浅析旅游资料的中英译英语教学：语言测试在英语学习中的重要性比较中西课堂教学及其对学生能力培养的影响游戏在儿童英语教学中的运用小学英语情趣教学漫谈论中学英语教学中跨文化意识的培养课堂气氛对高中英语教学效果的影响记忆在语篇理解过程中的作用记忆在词汇习得中的作用谈英语阅读的制约因素及对策跨文化交际中的体态语和中学英语教学分析具有中国特色的双语教学非智力因素在大学生英语学习中的影响英语教学中的情感因素论外语自主学习中师生的角色让我们的思绪飞扬---浅谈在英语课堂教学中影响学生发言主动性的因素C2C贸易中的写作技巧大学生英语写作问题研究文化词及其在外语教学中的功能英语学习策略的成功案例文化差异对阅读理解的影响浅谈多媒体辅助英语教学及教师角色的改变论母语文化在英语教学中的地位英语教学中的文化导入文化研究：西方的个人主义浅析咖啡在中国迅速传播的原因从情景剧《家有儿女》看中国家庭教育方式的西化中国中产阶级及其消费文化诗酒中国爱琴海孕育的浪漫与真实—希腊神话所呈现的西方文化特征希腊神话中的英雄与民族象征从拜占庭式到哥特式——建筑背后的中世纪欧洲文化及其影响从文化角度看电影黑客帝国语言和文化在国际商务谈判中的作用英国的绅士文化日趋没落北京2008奥运会带来的文化碰撞与融合文学研究：童心的泯灭，人性的黑暗--- 《蝇王》之象征体系初探简.奥斯丁的《傲慢与偏见》中婚姻价值所体现出来的文化内涵荒谬还是真实——从玛丽�6�1雪莱的《弗兰肯斯坦》谈歌特小说的变迁、发展及影响从《到灯塔去》看弗吉尼亚�6�1伍尔芙的女权主义观浅析美国“垮掉的一代”文学以及中国“80后”文学叙事的隐喻与张力——论《看不见的人》的叙事策略西方文学作品中的吸血鬼形象奴隶制度本身彻底的毁灭－－－对托尼．莫里森的小说＜宠儿＞的探究希腊悲剧与现代悲剧的比较从茶花女中看资产阶级伦理道德对女性的影响由《简�6�1爱》看欧洲妇女解放运动产生的背景及其现今的发展浅析《红字》的生态批评和解源于爱——分析《喜福会》赛珍珠作品中的文化误区——评赛珍珠的《大地》论庞德意象主义对中国古典诗歌的借鉴---小议《在地铁车站》浅析<<苔丝>>中的意象与象征黑人文学中自我意识的觉醒西方古典神话中的人性化描写
起源 吸血鬼-德古拉吸血鬼传说起源于人类对血的崇拜和恐惧。 一方面血是灵魂和生命的象征， 而另一点上他们又把血认为是灾难不祥的标记。 “我对以色列的孩子说，你们不可吃任何活物的血，因为那就是它们的生命，否则你们就会受到惩罚！〃 （摩西律法，《旧约·利未记》） 最早的吸血鬼形象难以确定，但一般来说有以下论点： 该隐，因为杀死自己的兄弟亚伯而受到耶和华的惩罚，变为永生不死的嗜血怪物，也就是吸血鬼的祖先。 注意：很多人都认为德库拉是吸血鬼的始祖，其实不是，德古拉只是十九世纪末期一位欧洲的作家笔下的小说人物，而并非来自真正意义上的吸血鬼传说。 吸血鬼特征则起源于狂犬病，或是一种名为卟啉病的疾病，因为病人的行为举止经常令人联想到吸血鬼，同时卟啉病人的外观也会发生变化（如口鼻等处坏死等等）。细节后文详述。
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您好 想问一下 您最后是写了这方面的论文么？
谁还没闹过几个笑话呢。闹笑话也没啥，关键是没法一次性笑完，好多年了还有人帮你记得，一有机会就被损友们提起。我就是那帮损友中的一个。遥记那年，青春剧悄悄火起，大霸荧屏，其中有一部网剧《匆匆那年》，从青椒嘴里传给了某花。某花打完饭一回寝室就开始搜索，搜了半天未果，“怎么找不到啊怎么找不到呢怎么找不到呀……”哀怨地碎碎念没完没了，直到受不了念叨的某喵凑过来一看，你猜她搜的啥？”村村那年“！原来是青椒不标准的普通话传达了错误的信息，把”ong"的音发成了“un",天真的某花竟然全信了。从此青椒一发错音，村村那年就立马从我们嘴中上映，一部悲剧就此给大家留下了喜剧的印象。 青椒是我们寝室的老大，一个爱吃”牛大“（大碗牛肉拉面）的兰州姑娘。老大具备很多西北特色，肤色略深，英语不好，老实诚恳，善解人意，大大的贤惠。每次看完变形记里那些大西北的孩子，我都想到老大，很有与她交流的欲望，但她却很嫌弃我拒绝与我交谈。虽然在我们寝室非正常人横行，有同时热爱惊悚片和卡通片的呀，有躺床上看小说可以半个月不下床的呀，有智商存在缺陷的呀，有唱歌把自己唱吐了的呀等等等等，但我们老大除了普通话不太正常，其他都还算正常。 大一开学刚见到老大的时候，她还是个皮肤很黑，头发很短，戴着一副黑红框眼镜的假小子，讲起话来轻声细语，没话讲的时候就送眨巴着亮晶晶的眼睛，朝着我笑，流露着些许的害羞、纯净，有种很……和蔼的感觉。后来她留起了长发，扎起来马尾，也开始穿裙子，涂上了BB霜，配了隐形眼镜，外貌契合内在，彻底变成了一个贤妻良母。 这是个可爱又有点个性的贤妻良母。老大最温柔的时候是给我们打电话要帮忙的时候，那声音简直了，慢、柔、细、平缓，感情饱满，就算叫人名字都感觉是在掏心掏肺，“喂，jego，你在哪儿？可以帮我带支牙膏上来吗？”“我没带钱”，话音刚落，懒得再啰嗦一句话，声音变得粗犷，语速增快，“我去，算了算了，挂了啊，真是的”。老大还非常大方，笔记本开了便携wifi，让我们都去连她的，密码是“797979520”，翻译一下，“青椒青椒青椒我爱你”，原来全是套路啊。老大有种成熟稳重的气质，虽然有时柔弱，但有时心态却好得没谁了。大一期末，最后一门管理学考试前一天，说复习不下就真不复习了，带着我们一起松懈，有啥任务干不下去了停下来先看集《吸血鬼日记》再说，老大是《吸血鬼日记》的狂热粉丝，在老大的强烈推荐下我们都无动于衷，老大对此相当无奈。毕业论文面对68%的查重率，没有心急如焚还苦笑着自嘲。佩服啊佩服。 老大总是逮着一切机会下厨，常常让我这个家务白痴无地自容。冬至要给我们煮饺子，生日等有重大值得纪念的日子，都要号召我们在寝室锅碗瓢盆搞起来，老大的招牌料理是西红柿面。滑嫩的面条配上鲜红的西红柿，卖相非常不错。面煮好了就吆喝我们拿碗过来，一碗一碗地乘好，胃口大的还非常照顾地给多给一点（我不会说是谁），细心地加汤，添菜叶，每次说让谁谁谁吃完刷锅又常常自己默默地把锅刷了，桌子清理干净，满满的母爱光环，带着我们这群还没到干家务活年纪的小孩子。 除了要照顾我们吃喝，老大还在对我们的行为管教上费尽了心思，我因年龄小、性格调皮而成为了老大的重点管教对象。晾了衣服不收，洗头要倒满一大桶水，在寝室吃饭还用一次性筷子，这些都是老大严厉打击的行为，虽然从结果上看老大的管教并不算成功。我也曾因为拒绝修眉，拒绝配隐形眼镜，拒绝改变穿衣风格而被老大扣上思想落后、顽固不化的帽子。虽然我被老大管教得多，但得到的关爱也多。在老大面前我作为成年人该具备的品质全都没了，完全就是个几岁的小孩，好吃懒做，爱捣乱，爱撒娇，照顾不好自己。老大会帮我们把忘在洗衣机里的衣服晾起来，会在饭桌上给我们夹菜，会在我们受挫的时候安慰我们，还教我画眉，在很多细小的事情上体贴我的情绪。 而我们总从年龄、肤色上对老大开涮，老大说看电脑脖子痛，我们说你老了；熬夜受不住了，我们说你老了。总之通通老大有我们无的毛病都归结为一个字——老，其实老大也就比我们老了两岁，七百三十天而已。而到了夏天露胳膊的年纪，我常刻意把胳膊伸到老大胳膊旁边，也不说话，就是一个劲地盯着看，然后吸引大家都来看，一黑一白，形成强烈的反差。后来我遭到了报应，就在大二练完车的暑假过后，我再在老大面前伸出胳膊，竟然变成了一个色，我的手臂还愣在空中，老大已经得意地咧开嘴笑成了一朵黑玫瑰。 别以为我们老大贤惠就是一家庭主妇呀，老大和我还一起创过业呢。当初还很年轻的时候我们俩卖插座，卖校服，去人家的工作室谈合作，一间间的寝室上门推销，虽然只赚了几十块钱但后来想起来真是有意思的回忆呀。创业这事儿是我忽悠的，老大对文学对艺术的热爱才是发自肺腑啊！因为喜欢写点文字被夸作文学的苗子，在面具上画了一副图案又变成了艺术的苗子，拍了几张好照片发现原来还是摄影的苗子。只可惜这苗子长得慢，老早开始抽芽，现在还没结出个谷子来。不过没关系，我还是对老大崇拜得五体投地，什么文学啊艺术呀这些都是业余的，老大的正业是学术研究者。大一参加学生会竞选时，因为听说加入科学技术协会能得好多奖，于是毅然选择了科协，一直干到大三才退休，在此期间写过无数研究报告，多次获奖。大三有节课老师讲到了论文写作，还特意请我们的青椒同学站起来讲论文的构成，那时候写论文还只会找度娘的我顿时对她肃然起敬，想着打好关系啊，以后毕业论文要仰仗老大了。可是，到了真正写毕业论文的时候，老大竟然还来向我请教，我说你不是都写过那么多论文了吗，她实诚地说，哎呀其实很多也是复制粘贴的。呃，好吧。 说到老大，很有必要再谈谈她和姐夫的事儿呀。这对胆大包天的早恋分子中学就在一起了，今年已是第五个年头。异地恋四年，煲了四年的电话粥，耗尽了我们寝室的电费。电话一响，这边一定就是那三个字的兰州话开头——“喂，猪凯”，一天就得说上好几遍，这仨字曾一度掀起了寝室的模仿热潮，后来老大电话里稍微有趣一点的调调，都会被我们挑出来模仿一番，老大亲自指点。要是哪天电话没响，老大吐槽说你们姐夫今天失踪了，电话挂了以后还是得吐槽，你们姐夫真是烦死了。睡老大对铺的某喵曾在一段时间的争吵中被低气压深深影响，特别委屈地恳求老大你们可以别吵了不。作为四年的室友，我们已经见证过这对情侣千百次的分分合合，吵吵闹闹，恩恩爱爱。之前老大有个闺蜜结婚她在婚礼前一天才知道，她伤心得要命，说我们以后结婚一定一定要告诉她，她还说以后她结婚不用我们包多大的红包，把自己包邮过来就好了。老大，在你的婚礼上，再为我们上一碗你亲自做的西红柿面吧。 准备去参加毕业晚会的那个下午，老大号召大家都画个美美的妆。我不会化妆，又懒，躺在某花的床上休息一直犯困，老大惯着我，坐在我旁边，拿来各种化妆品耐心地给躺尸的我上妆。晚会结束，我们围在寝室的桌子前吃了点夜宵，然后老大的手机响了，不是姐夫，是嘀嘀打车的司机。老大要回兰州了。 我们送她下楼。老大穿着清爽的白色上衣，扬着马尾走在前面，行李装上了后备箱，在车门打开前，我们一一拥抱，我走上去还不小心踩了老大的脚。老大上了车，在车开出去十米后她探出了头，她说“拜拜”，她朝我们挥手。我感到她是带着微笑的，声音很响亮，和她出门说的“拜拜”差不多，好像她只是要去趟北门一样。我都感觉不到出租车前进的每一步都不会再倒回来，只会越来越远，越来越远。可是老大你知道你多坑吗，你到底给我刷了多少层粉，我没有卸妆棉，用的某花的，不知道用了多少张，她心疼得坐在床边低着头嗷嗷哭。 未来的路可能没办法一起走了，但我们有过去的回忆多好呀。青椒姑娘，要幸福呦，这个世界上所有的美好你都配得上。当然，想变得我这么白倒是没可能了呢，呦呵呵。
起源 吸血鬼-德古拉吸血鬼传说起源于人类对血的崇拜和恐惧。 一方面血是灵魂和生命的象征， 而另一点上他们又把血认为是灾难不祥的标记。 “我对以色列的孩子说，你们不可吃任何活物的血，因为那就是它们的生命，否则你们就会受到惩罚！〃 （摩西律法，《旧约·利未记》） 最早的吸血鬼形象难以确定，但一般来说有以下论点： 该隐，因为杀死自己的兄弟亚伯而受到耶和华的惩罚，变为永生不死的嗜血怪物，也就是吸血鬼的祖先。 注意：很多人都认为德库拉是吸血鬼的始祖，其实不是，德古拉只是十九世纪末期一位欧洲的作家笔下的小说人物，而并非来自真正意义上的吸血鬼传说。 吸血鬼特征则起源于狂犬病，或是一种名为卟啉病的疾病，因为病人的行为举止经常令人联想到吸血鬼，同时卟啉病人的外观也会发生变化（如口鼻等处坏死等等）。细节后文详述。
既然喜欢吸血鬼，写自己感兴趣的东西当然比较好下手啦。1.吸血鬼存在性的考证。研究下十六~十八世纪欧洲的吸血鬼记录，吸血鬼的起源，文化，和近现代吸血鬼追踪文献什么的。2.研究下现代吸血鬼热的原因。漫画，电影、小说，电视剧很多都以吸血鬼做题材，可以从社会心理学角度分析下大家为什么热衷于吸血鬼。= =暂时只想到两点。
我认为这个浦东吸血鬼事件的当事人，其实就是换了一种疾病吧，但是这种疾病非常罕见，让人描述成吸血鬼。
这个要吗?魔鬼的等级1丧尸僵尸，最低等级怪物 2亡灵幽灵，低等级怪物 3魔鬼，中等级生物 4魔兽，高等级怪物 5吸血鬼，高等魔鬼 6恶魔，支配众多魔物的高等级怪物 7恶魔之王，支配恶魔怪物 8邪灵，人类阴暗面诞生的邪灵 9空间邪灵，高等邪灵 10邪灵之主，邪灵的主人 11天魔，高等魔物 12天魔王，历史上有名的6大天魔王，超越天魔的生物，其中第六天魔王最强!! 13圣魔，可以召唤任何魔物的支配者级生物 14圣魔王，圣魔的主人 15魔神，最终极的魔物 16堕天使，堕落天使——撒旦，路西华，邪恶的支配者，超越魔神的终极魔鬼!!(见天使等级) 17吸血鬼之主，魔界的高等魔鬼，控制吸血鬼和其他魔物. 18魔帝，是魔界的创始者，魔界一切的统治者!! 19魔界之主，魔帝的创始者，比魔帝更高的，魔界空间的统治首领!! 20混沌王，混沌之神，宇宙的原初!!!!(呵呵,,类似盘古??) 21混沌6大魔神.原初之混沌，混沌的原初形态，宇宙的统治者! 22终极魔神（黑魔神），黑宇宙（暗黑空间）混乱空间的掌管者，超越原初之混沌的能力. 23混沌战神，终极的主宰，宇宙，时空，空间，力量等任何一切的创造者，统治者，拥有终极的力量，但是一直在封印中，当混沌战神出现的时候，也是宇宙和一切消失的时候。 介绍 混沌6大魔神. 混沌的6大魔神，是一切的统治者，掌管着宇宙的各个部分，6个魔神各拥有一种能力，各掌管一种能力: ____OMEGA魔神：力量的主宰，控制着力量的混沌魔神。支配着宇宙中神秘强大的“无之力”. ——远古武神：混沌6大魔神的武之魔神，操纵一把巨剑，拥有宇宙中绝对的剑术!! ——空间魔神：混沌6大魔神之一，掌管一切空间的能力，能操纵任何的时空和空间。但是由于时空圣战，身体被分解，所以只有一灵魂形态来存在，但是只要收集足够的能力，就可完全复活!! ——魔法魔神：混沌6大魔神的操纵魔法的魔神，掌管着宇宙和混沌中一切的魔法，并且是魔之界的主宰和创造者，魔帝和魔界之主的主宰!! ——精神魔神：混沌6大魔神之一，操纵宇宙中一切精神力的魔神!! ——混沌魔神：混沌6大魔神中唯一没有现身的魔神，也是混沌6大魔神中3魔神（OMEGA，空间魔神，混沌魔神）的第三位，但是至今没有复活，传说他可以一手就将一个星系毁灭，目前在混沌之中休眠，外表非常艳丽，但是其实是终极的绝望和毁灭!
谈到吸血鬼，我们第一想到的就是在《暮光之城》里，那个帅帅又不苟言笑的爱德华。那么大家知道吸血鬼病吗？吸血鬼病又是怎么患上的呢？今天，就让我们一起来了解一下吧？
吸血鬼传说来源于巴尔干半岛和东欧的民间传说，是传说中的超自然生物，经过啃咬血液，可以永生不死。一百多年来跟着小说、电影的不断改编，吸血鬼的形象也逐步定型，一般有以下特色：喜饮鲜血、惧怕阳光、面无人色、讨厌大蒜、牙齿尖锐、不死之身。但是实际中却实在存在着“吸血鬼症”的原型疾病—卟啉病。本病又叫血紫质病，是血红素组成途径傍边，由于缺少某种酶或酶活性下降，而引起的一组卟啉代谢妨碍性疾病。该病一般由基因骤变导致，临床体现三大特色：皮肤危害、腹痛、神经精神症状。
第一个研究这一问题的是英国医生李·伊利斯，他认为所谓的吸血鬼实际上是一种重症———卟啉症的患者。1963年，医生曾向英国皇家医学会提交一篇题为《论卟啉症和吸血鬼的病源》的论文，开始还很少人相信他，一直到80年代中期才有人开始支持他的观点，才慢慢相信，欧洲的那些关于吸血鬼和会变化的人的传说还是有它的现实基础。
以下是我个人的想法，没有科学依据，仅限于看着玩哈！
（1）喜饮鲜血：大多数卟啉病患者输血能够缓解症状，现在仍是干流医治办法。但是在古代的时候，医疗技术并没有那么发达，所以卟啉症患者是经过饮用鲜血缓解不适症状，这或许是吸血鬼故事的来源。
（2）面无人色：我们电影中看到的吸血鬼，很多都是脸色苍白的，但联系到实际，我们会发现，其实绝大多数患者伴有严峻贫血，面庞苍白是卟啉病患者的一大特色。
（3）讨厌大蒜：在西方电影中，一般吸血鬼都是很怕大蒜的，我的猜想是，食物中的大蒜会对卟啉症患者发生必定的影响，有或许导致病况忽然加剧，所以，卟啉症患者不喜欢食用大蒜。
（3）牙齿尖锐：电影中的吸血鬼拥有尖尖的牙齿。实际上，卟啉症患者在触摸阳光后会转化为吞噬肌肉和安排的毒素，腐蚀嘴唇和牙龈，使他们显露狼相同尖锐的牙齿。
（4）不死之身：电影中的吸血鬼一般都是很长的寿命，甚至不死之身。实际上卟啉病患者的寿数一般较短，但由于他们惧怕阳光不常外出，一般有宗族遗传性，外人难以分辩宗族成员，耳食之言就传出“不死之身”的说法。
好啦，以上就是我关于吸血鬼病的认识与看法。其实，吸血鬼病作为一种非常罕见的疾病，人们经常会对吸血鬼病的患者有很多的误解。但实际上，谁都想拥有一副健康的身体，我们也应该对吸血鬼病患者给予更多的理解。
主要的原因是他在打猎的过程当中，被熊咬伤了，然后罗莎莉为了救他，就咬了他，他就变成了吸血鬼。
是一些吸血鬼去咬了，还没有成年的孩子，因为这些孩子的能量是比较大的，有的时候是受不了控制的。
谈到吸血鬼，我们第一想到的就是在《暮光之城》里，那个帅帅又不苟言笑的爱德华。那么大家知道吸血鬼病吗？吸血鬼病又是怎么患上的呢？今天，就让我们一起来了解一下吧？目录一、什么是吸血鬼病？二、第一个研究吸血鬼病的人三、吸血鬼与吸血鬼病的联系一、什么是吸血鬼病？吸血鬼传说来源于巴尔干半岛和东欧的民间传说，是传说中的超自然生物，经过啃咬血液，可以永生不死。一百多年来跟着小说、电影的不断改编，吸血鬼的形象也逐步定型，一般有以下特色：喜饮鲜血、惧怕阳光、面无人色、讨厌大蒜、牙齿尖锐、不死之身。但是实际中却实在存在着“吸血鬼症”的原型疾病—卟啉病。本病又叫血紫质病，是血红素组成途径傍边，由于缺少某种酶或酶活性下降，而引起的一组卟啉代谢妨碍性疾病。该病一般由基因骤变导致，临床体现三大特色：皮肤危害、腹痛、神经精神症状。二、第一个研究吸血鬼病的人第一个研究这一问题的是英国医生李·伊利斯，他认为所谓的吸血鬼实际上是一种重症———卟啉症的患者。1963年，医生曾向英国皇家医学会提交一篇题为《论卟啉症和吸血鬼的病源》的论文，开始还很少人相信他，一直到80年代中期才有人开始支持他的观点，才慢慢相信，欧洲的那些关于吸血鬼和会变化的人的传说还是有它的现实基础。三、吸血鬼与现实中吸血鬼病患者的联系以下是我个人的想法，没有科学依据，仅限于看着玩哈！（1）喜饮鲜血：大多数卟啉病患者输血能够缓解症状，现在仍是干流医治办法。但是在古代的时候，医疗技术并没有那么发达，所以卟啉症患者是经过饮用鲜血缓解不适症状，这或许是吸血鬼故事的来源。（2）面无人色：我们电影中看到的吸血鬼，很多都是脸色苍白的，但联系到实际，我们会发现，其实绝大多数患者伴有严峻贫血，面庞苍白是卟啉病患者的一大特色。（3）讨厌大蒜：在西方电影中，一般吸血鬼都是很怕大蒜的，我的猜想是，食物中的大蒜会对卟啉症患者发生必定的影响，有或许导致病况忽然加剧，所以，卟啉症患者不喜欢食用大蒜。（3）牙齿尖锐：电影中的吸血鬼拥有尖尖的牙齿。实际上，卟啉症患者在触摸阳光后会转化为吞噬肌肉和安排的毒素，腐蚀嘴唇和牙龈，使他们显露狼相同尖锐的牙齿。（4）不死之身：电影中的吸血鬼一般都是很长的寿命，甚至不死之身。实际上卟啉病患者的寿数一般较短，但由于他们惧怕阳光不常外出，一般有宗族遗传性，外人难以分辩宗族成员，耳食之言就传出“不死之身”的说法。好啦，以上就是我关于吸血鬼病的认识与看法。其实，吸血鬼病作为一种非常罕见的疾病，人们经常会对吸血鬼病的患者有很多的误解。但实际上，谁都想拥有一副健康的身体，我们也应该对吸血鬼病患者给予更多的理解。
Chinese and Western cultural differences in the performance of every aspect of daily life from the greeting 、 term diet and cultural differences in the way of thinking in the abstract, such as differences everywhere, from the West focus on the following colors to express the difference between Chinese and Western cultural differences in areas such as a wedding set. First, in the West to express the color difference Different colors in different languages is not expressed in the same way. The representative of China in a sense, the West has a meaning that even the "color" to understand the meaning of the contrary. (A) red (red) Whether in China or in the English-speaking countries, often in red and festive celebrations or day-related. Calendar, red font used these days, therefore, red letter day: refers to the "Day" or "happy occasion." It also refers to the red "liabilities" or "loss" because people are always negative in red to register. So there are these phrases: red figure deficit in the red loss In common with the Chinese "red" words, translated into English, may not necessarily use the "red" for example: brown sugar brown sugar red wine red wine (B) yellow Yellow in English and Chinese in the extended meaning of the differences are considerable. In English, yellow can be said that the "timid, cowardly, despicable," meaning, for example: a yellow dog despicable, cowardly people a yellow livered coward Chinese yellow symbol of the term is sometimes vulgar, vulgar and obscene, indecent indecency means, such as yellow film, erotica, yellow CD, and so on. These in the name of "yellow" in English and "yellow" has nothing to do. However, in another English word blue is the color used to indicate the kind of meaning in Chinese, such as the blue jokes (dirty joke), blue films (yellow film). Second, the cultural differences in Western wedding First of all, in Western wedding culture and the first in the West in thinking about the differences: the Chinese people more conservative, like excitement, more old-fashioned thinking, so in the history of China for thousands of years the entire wedding customs did not change much. The thinking in the West is more open to the requirements of the wedding will be lower, they will be the climax of the wedding in the church: the sacred as the "wedding march" into the red carpet, Jiao Mei's father, the bride linked hands Rose walked slowly to the groom, the bride's father, daughter to the groom's hand on hand, her daughter's life will be entrusted to the groom, all eyes followed the couple, filled with well-being in their face. Second, the result of cultural differences wedding in the West because the West in a different religion. China is mainly Buddhist, but the West is mainly Christian. Therefore, the Western wedding is to be held in the church and the priest is Zhuhun Ren. China's traditional customs of the most important part of the Bai Tiandi is, the worship heaven and earth even after the ceremony has become.中西方文化差异表现在方方面面，从日常生活的打招呼用语、饮食文化等差异到思维方式等抽象方面的差异无所不在，下面着重从中西方颜色表达的差异，中西方婚礼文化差异等方面阐述。 一、中西方颜色表达的差异 不同颜色在不同语言中表达的方式并不一样。在中国代表一种意义，在西方又表示一种涵义，甚至对“颜色”的涵义理解恰恰相反。（一）red（红色）无论是在英语国家还是在中国，红色往往与庆祝活动或喜庆日子有关。日历中，这些日子常用红色字体，因此，red letter day：指的是“纪念日”或“喜庆的日子”。红色还指“负债”或“亏损”，因为人们总是用红笔登记负数。于是就有了这些词组：red figure赤字 in the red亏损汉语中常用的带“红”字的词语，翻译成英语，可不一定用“red”例如：红糖brown sugar 红酒red wine （二） yellow黄色在英语和汉语中的引申含义差别比较大。英语中，yellow可以表示“胆小、卑怯、卑鄙”的意思，例如：a yellow dog 可鄙的人，卑鄙的人a yellow livered 胆小鬼汉语中黄色一词有时象征低级趣味、色情庸俗、下流猥亵的意思，如黄色电影、黄色书刊、黄色光碟等等。这些名称中的“黄”与英语中的“yellow”无关。然而，英语中另一个颜色词blue却常用来表示汉语中这类意思，如blue jokes（下流的玩笑）， blue films（黄色电影）等。 二、中西方婚礼文化差异 首先，中西方婚礼文化差异首先和中西方人在思维方面的差异有关：中国人比较保守，喜欢热闹，思维较古板，所以在中国历史几千年的时间里整个婚礼的习俗并没有多大的变化。而西方人的思想则比较开放，对于婚礼的要求也比较低，他们婚礼的高潮则是在教堂中：随着神圣的《婚礼进行曲》步入鲜红的地毯，娇美的新娘挽着父亲手捧玫瑰慢慢向新郎走去，新娘的父亲将女儿的手放在新郎的手上，将女儿的一生托付给新郎，所有人的目光注视着这对新人，幸福洋溢在他们的脸上。其次，造成中西方婚礼文化差异的原因是中西方不同的宗教。中国是以佛教为主，而西方则是基督教为主的。所以西方的婚礼是在教堂中举行而主婚人则是神甫。中方的传统婚俗中的最重要环节就是拜天地，拜了天地以后就算是礼成了。
Western novels in comparison First, Western novels in the history of the development of Western novels are based on myths and legends of its origin. In ancient times, science developed, out of fear of nature, the working people out of the imagination is the key to many of the world "God", describing the personification of God is a myth; who will describe the deified, that is legend. China opened the world's Pan story, the story of San Juan Five Emperors, the West Greek mythology, Roman mythology, Norse mythology, and so on are all typical works. East and West, the original novel, is closely linked with the history, as historical records complement the event. China Pre-Qin prose in the fable, the Han dynasty in the history books, biographies, the Wei and Jin Zhi, Zhi-person novel; the West of ancient Babylon, "the United States and Ji Jia disabilities epic", in ancient Greece, "Homer's epic," "Aesop's Fables "And so on, fall into this category, fiction, novels such novels have been about the characteristics of fiction, it is still not the literary creation, directly from the private collection record, so this type of fiction plot is relatively simple, writing rough comparison. Ban Gu said, "On the Street Lane words, hearsay are made of" is a novel kind of accurate assessment of the image. China's Tang Dynasty, the novel is only from history and literature become a creativity. Tang Dynasty culture has developed, the author's ideas are more open, the legend came into being at this time, Li Zhaowei "Liu Yi Chuan", Po Chu's "Everlasting Regret," Wolf's "Everlasting Regret Chuan" And so on, are made in accordance with the creation of the legend. For the fictional story of the Tang Dynasty more emphasis on imagination and literary talent, not just the history of the nature of things, but as the history of Zhi Zhi who is also the novel did not stop. The Legend of the Song Dynasty to the novel on a gradual decline, which followed the rise of this so that after processing will become a scholar so many novel and Romance novels such as "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Outlaws of the Marsh", "Journey to the West." The author of such novels is the use of private creative and re-created to describe the circumstances of the touching scenes of brilliant and vivid active in shaping the character known, there are obvious story-telling style of language. Here by the redevelopment, it will become an independent literary creation rather than things to come together with the civil process, the representative of this type is the "Golden Lotus", it was an open and ordinary life on the road, the reality is that literature has come a long way The development of the latter's "A Dream of Red Mansions" in ancient China Geng Shiba realism to the novels of the summit. "54" after the novelist began to learn from China's western fiction writing practices, and gradually out a new path. Western novels, is the "Renaissance" after the rapid development of mature. The development of the Middle Ages novel near-stagnation in the West, 14, the end of the century "Renaissance" to overthrow the literature of the Church of control, 15, appeared in the western end of the century to promote freedom of thought and the liberation of personality in order to describe the reality of life and portray characters from all walks of life for the content of the Humanist novels, is to tie in with this type of novel anti-feudal Europe at the time of arising at the same time it also set the novel in the West to human describing the tone of the main things. Jiaqiu Italy's "Decameron", Spain's Cervantes "Don Quixote" is the kind of representative works of fiction. The resulting novel is a classical, elegant favor of its national language to standardize the writing of this novel in 17th century France's most well-developed. As a note on behalf of Corneille's "Cid" neoclassical story of the rise of Western novels have been a language substantially improved. The beginning of the 18th century to promote popular science knowledge, enlightenment of the public consciousness for the purpose of the Enlightenment novels, of which there are relatively well-known German Goethe's "Faust", the United Kingdom Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe" and the Swift "Gulliver's Travels" and so on, this type of novel to the emergence of the bourgeois revolution at the time to mold public opinion. In the 19th century, romantic fiction, realistic novels and critical realism novel turn to occupy the leading position in the field of fiction. Romantic novels, such as France Victor Hugo's "Notre Dame de Paris", Goethe's "juvenile Witt of trouble" and so on, imaginative, unusual ideas, language and imaginative, strong feelings. Efforts to reflect the reality of the novel is the essence of life, and depict typical life of a typical phenomenon in the United Kingdom Dickens, France and Germany are of such novels as a representative of the writer. Critical realism novels exposed the efforts of the decadent feudal system and capitalist society, the dark, in-depth criticism of the reality of evil, France Balzac and Maupassant, the United Kingdom of Charlotte, Bronte,. Russia's Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, the United States of a large number of writers such as Mark Twain's works belong to this category. Value today, the three novels in the West is still the most important of the three types of literary fiction. East-West novel on the history of the development of more or less the case. Second, the characteristics of the novel in the West In addition to the basic characteristics of the novel, the story of the West also have their own characteristics are as follows: 1, the traditional Chinese novel attention to the characters, language and the details of the description, in contradiction to the conflict to display the images, but the character of a single, small changes in the absence of the main flu. Western novels are more people pay attention to the psychological description, stressed that mining figure in the subconscious mind, good at writing full, the changes in the strong sense of the main characters. Again, "coach Lin Feng Snow Mountain Temple" in the figure is only through dialogue and action leads to contradictions and conflicts, but Anna Karenina Wogui before a series of conflicts only with his description of the psychological will be able to express their clear; for poetry in Lin In the performance of her literary talent, and Paul with his inner monologue of the ideal; Zhang Zhong-Yong has only the character, but Jane Eyre's character is the brave, strong, warm, kind-hearted, and so many of the character and rubbing and Cheng's. In short, people in the area described in the West has its own unique features. 2, China compared with Western fiction novel plot twists and turns more and more complete story. Plot twists and turns, the story is complete fiction China's unique traditional arts. The Wei and Jin Zhi Zhi people on the novel twists and turns with vivid characteristics. Tang legend in the layout of many of the famous, magnificent anomaly, rigorous and clever, dramatic plot development. The contents of the Ming and Qing Dynasties novels scattered irregular, undulating waves, Cuoluoyouzhi, careful structure, an integral whole. "A Dream of Red Mansions", everywhere She Fu, Hui turning point, the story of Jia's best writing. Western plot in respect of the outstanding works, although there are many, but it can not be compared with the Chinese novel. 3, concise and lively Chinese language novel, rich in content and rich Western novels. Chinese folk artists absorbed the novel language, at the same time inherited the fine traditions of ancient prose, often a few words will be able to outline the incident or the people. Western novels in the author includes a broad range of knowledge, involve the community in many ways, so rich in content and rich people can gain knowledge in many areas. Engels said he was in Balzac's novel about 19th century France's domestic situation than he received any reports are more. Western novels have different characteristics, and also in the West different aesthetic concepts to a certain extent related. 4, Western novels have been the rule of the feudal culture of oppression destroyed. Chinese feudal culture makes the development of the novel is extremely difficult, Ming and Qing Dynasties more people to write stories for shame, so many great writers living, creating the conditions are not covered, many of the great works of authors who do not know. Western novels in the feudal culture makes almost the whole of the Middle Ages in the development of extremely slow, and many talented writers were forced to church services, wrote some of the religious nature of the article dry hole. Third, Western novels in the future prospects for the development of End of the Qing Dynasty, China and the West have begun to understand the other side of the system, the advantages of the novel in the West have been constantly learn from each other. Of course, due to historical reasons, the Chinese side of the draw a little more. To this day, the novelist in the West efforts are still two researchers in the novel's artistic charm, although the different languages of each other's appreciation of the arts to a certain extent, but the United States are interlinked. We have every reason to believe that in the near future, the novel art in the West will ultimately learn from each other and integrate, develop and reach new artistic heights. References: "Foreign Literature" Shanghai Translation Publishing House Zhou Xu Liang "Contemporary Literature election," Zhang Zhong, such as Beijing University Publishing House "Chinese literature history of the development of" Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House Liu Jie "Literary History of Europe" People's Literature Publishing House Yangzhou Han Wu Da-yuan Zhao Rui radish "Three high school language textbook used by the five dates of the" People's Education Press仅供参考，请自借鉴。希望对您有帮助。
隐喻的中西方文化差异Abstract: Metaphor is not only a linguistic phenomenon but also a way of thinking, which is one of the basic methods for human survival and cognition. It is rooted in language, thought and culture. Through the analysis and comparison of the use and concept of metaphor in different countries, we find that its universality and commonality of the metaphor as a basic human cognitive activities. However, metaphor in different languages reflects a different way of thinking and behavior and different cultural patterns. Owing to the different two modes of thinking and culture, there are some differences in understanding and formation that can not be ignored. Therefore, this paper will discuss the questions : metaphor, cross-cultural differences, translation. 1. Preamble Metaphor is a common phenomenon, a large number of people use metaphor to express his feelings and ideas. British scientists rhetoric Richards (IARichards) once said, "We have day-to-day in almost every conversation in three sentences may be a metaphor." According to statistics, life around the use of 4,700,000 new metaphor, 2,140,000 stereotypes of metaphor. Research in recent years, there is a great metaphor. This article introduced in the definition of metaphor on the basis of summing up the similarities and differences between Chinese and Western metaphor, and that its culture, precisely because of the prevalence of metaphor, how to translate metaphor has become a very important issue in the latter part of the article is aimed at The translation of metaphor put forward a translation of the three strategies. This paper studies aimed at trying to comparative analysis of English and Chinese in a large number of day-to-day language of metaphor to express, find out the differences and similarities, in order to be able to accurately translate the article in good metaphor to explore a little. This article is about the metaphor from the point of view to explore the differences in the way Thinking allows us to a deeper understanding of language, culture, the relationship between thinking and can more clearly understand the different ethnic language, culture, way of thinking, and so on On the nature of translation. 2. Metaphors in Chinese and Western studies In 1980, Lakoff & Johnson (George Lakoff & Mark Johnson) made a "living metaphor" (Metaphors We Live By) of the book, a modern metaphor to open a new chapter in the school. Domestic academia on the "metaphor" This is also a review of the system, such as Lin Wu's book "Study abroad metaphor Looking at the" beam-setting "metaphor research," Li of China and India "The main subjects Metaphor" and so on. However, the Chinese metaphor for the academic study of rare. "Chinese scholars on the study of metaphor, I am afraid the real contribution should be through the metaphor of the Chinese characteristics of research and study, through the metaphor of the Chinese and other languages in the comparative study of metaphor, metaphor for the establishment of a more general theory of the strong, and even unique The basis. "Lin Wu in the book" metaphor of the basic research the status quo, and the focus of the trend "in the main text, put forward a model of cultural metaphors with the relationship:" The language of metaphor is the emergence of expression into the system, which not only reflects the psychological Structure, but also reflect the different cultural models also play a role. " metaphor in the relationship between Chinese and Western cultures relationship Correspond to (corresponding) refers to the relationship between the two languages, English and Chinese in the meaning and metaphor in the use of the same meaning in the culture and image, and so on and-one mapping. This is because the survival of mankind itself, as well as all the external conditions, including the geographical environment, climate change, and the whole of human society and cultural background are certain there is a common, which formed a common humanity of their own and the outside world on many issues. In the "angry" mood, the English are angry that physiological responses, such as: grind one's teeth. (Teeth), bare one's teeth. (Ziyaliezui) an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. (an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth), reflecting the Chinese culture on the basis of common experience. non-correspondence English-Chinese metaphor, after all, rooted in two different languages on the soil, resulting in very different cultural backgrounds, fully corresponds to the few metaphors, the vast majority do not have common cultural identity in order to form the corresponding non-(non-corresponding ) Relations. Non-relationship metaphor can be roughly divided into three categories: Vehicle counterpart, Yu Yi does not correspond to English and Chinese in some cases there is the same as a metaphor, but in their own language and culture in the meaning of the metaphor means is different, even different. Peacock in the Chinese culture is auspicious, a symbol of beauty, especially the Dai people to express jumped Pavaner desire to better their own. If the Chinese people will be likened to a peacock, it means that beautiful light. However, in English, peacock (Peacock) is a symbol of pride, often interpreted as arrogance, love to show off. For example, They were eager to take the young peacock down a peg. (They want to pressure a pressure that the arrogant young guy's momentum). counterpart Yu Yi, the vehicle does not correspond to English-Chinese two nations due to their differences, from different angles to look at things the same, it will be a different analogy. As a result both English and Chinese language there is a different vehicle, but Yu was referring to was basically the same as the meaning of the case, that is the same kind of non-correspondence. Such as: a person described as the hearts of anxious, restless, Chinese is "ants on the hot pan" and English is "a cat on the bricks". There are similar: To kick down the ladder. Guohechaiqiao. Yu Yu Yi and do not correspond to Some of the metaphors Yu-Yu has a meaning and it refers to the language and culture are closely related, in another culture often can not find corresponding Yu and Yu Yi, which resulted in a culture known as the default Phenomenon. For example: in English "my rib" I am referring to Yu's wife, it comes from the "Bible" story, that is, Adam (Adam)'s wife Eve (Eve) God is with a piece of Adam's rib made. The Chinese did not, "the Bible" cultural background, and there was no analogy with rib habit, so the formation of a corresponding gap. Similarly, "ugly duckling" (Ugly Duckling) refers to the metaphor will get ahead of Little, "early bird" refers to the diligent Yu, in the words into Chinese language, culture, as a result of the default, can not find a corresponding relationship between metaphor . Chinese and Western cultures in the common metaphor Metaphor and culture to a large extent, human beings have a common understanding, rooted in the people's own day-to-day experience. In this connection, often between different ethnic groups are the same. Both English and Chinese language in a lot of abstract thinking that the metaphorical expression is the same. For example: the human child in the period to form a position on the concept of input in that direction in the form of many of them easily understood, including the position expressed by metaphor, which has become a fixed pattern of thinking. For example: The term direction (up, down) to describe people's social status, physical, emotional, and other abstract concepts to the case when the good is up; Sad is down. We Chinese are also not difficult to find a similar sentence: "Gas Prices "," enhance the social status "and" vision "and" depressed. " Since the objective laws of nature with the relative unity of different cultures to understand the nature of the course is similar to the cognitive experience. in the metaphor of the difference between Chinese and Western cultures As the English-Chinese geographical and cultural differences, living in two different cultures in practice there are a lot of differences, and different life experiences and let people understand the objective world, a different language carries different nationalities Cultural characteristics and cultural information. Understanding of metaphor is not out of socio-cultural backgrounds. For example, social and cultural impact of the color words is deep-rooted, some color words in different cultures in an entirely different meaning, has a distinctive feature of our national culture. Such as: English, said in green "inexperienced" and "shallow knowledge", such as: "a green hand", "I was very green when I started working there." The Chinese like to express the meaning of the word is "yellow" Such as: "Huangmaoyatou" and "flower girl". Cultural background knowledge is the metaphor to create a rich source of thinking, as the Eastern and Western cultures are different, metaphors in English and Chinese applications there are also significant differences. The metaphor of the cross-cultural differences between Chinese and Western influence Language is a cultural change in the development of the complex, subject to political, economic, historical, environmental and other factors. Chinese and Western styles are different, but in many ways to infiltrate interaction and integration, language differences and cultural metaphor for the inevitable impact is complex and diverse. metaphorical expression of cultural conflict Different nationalities in the world to observe a different perspective and ideas, different cultures there are a lot of conflict or inconsistency metaphor. If the animal metaphors, in English Long (dragon) is a kind of evil, will belch out smoke monster. "Bible", the dragon is the devil, is a symbol of evil and terror, there is a terrible vicious meaning. The Chinese dragon is in power, the auspicious symbol of Chinese traditional culture, the Chinese have "Wangzichenglong", "descendants of the Dragon." The same analogy in different cultures, different meaning, of two cultures "Dragon" to give a different connotation. differences in living conditions caused by differences in metaphor In English is a lot of metaphor and marine-related, such as: all at sea (at a loss what to do); drink like a fish (drinking cow); fish in the air (Shuizhonglaoyue); give up the ship (give up). In Chinese, there are a lot of the horse or cattle pose a metaphor, such as: "a willing ox" (a willing horse) Gan means to serve the community; "old ox" (a working horse) refers to the hard work; "bragging "(Talk horse), and so on. This is due to different geographical location and natural environment caused by different cultural metaphor. Britain is an island, ultimately, dependent on the sea, and China is a large agricultural country, farming culture deeply feudal society. different religious and cultural differences arising from the metaphor Religious culture of human culture is an important part of it by referring to the nation's religious beliefs, such as the formation of the sense of culture, "the Bible" in the story, with its language and meaning has become a feature of daily life in the West in terms of . For example, power of the keys (the keys to the kingdom of heaven; the rights of the Pope), in the right church, but in the wrong pew (in general is right, but not the details), and so on. Chinese culture and Buddhism, Taoism and more affected by the impact of Confucianism, the Chinese, there are a lot of related argot. "Jiehuaxianfo"; "临时抱佛脚"; "做一天和尚撞一天钟" and so on. It is due to the diversity of culture, resulting in the differences between English and Chinese metaphor. This difference to the cross-cultural communication has brought the impact. As a foreign language students, do not understand the difference between metaphor and language will make mistakes, sometimes mistakenly made good as pleasant, caused by either one or both of the conversation unpleasant; also sometimes mocked as a praise. When a native language other operators do not understand the language contained in the cultural differences, it is often difficult for such language to accurately convey the meaning of the understanding, difficulty to the cross-cultural exchange. 3. Metaphor of the three methods of translation The translation of metaphor not only accurately and effectively convey the original language, but also loyal, accessible, complete reproduction of the original language and cultural connotation and significance. But in the West because of cultural differences and different, so the translation of metaphor in English on the need to consider not only its literal sense, and so on, but also in the West should pay attention to their cultural differences. American Eugene Nida said: "Translation is the exchange between the two cultures. The real success of the translation, even more familiar with the two cultures is more important to master two languages. Because only in terms of its role in the culture In the background will only be meaningful. "Therefore, the translation of metaphor to combining Chinese and Western cultures, and cultural backgrounds to leave the translation, can not be achieved between the two languages of the real exchange. Literal Translation The so-called "literal" is asked in the language when conditions permit, in the translation to maintain the original content, but also to maintain the original form, in particular, to maintain the original metaphor, the image of the nation, and other local color. In the literal translation method to maintain the original expression of the culture and at the same time, target enriched the vocabulary and expression, such as: "a Pandora's box" (Pandora's Box); "chain reaction" (chain reaction). In the original text and asked the information contained in the same culture, we should adopt the literal translation method. (1) You are my sunshine, my only sunshine. : You are my sun, my only sunshine. In Chinese and English, the sun is warm, beautiful, in both languages, they disseminate information on culture are the same. As a rule, and asked in the original text in the form of grammatical structure, similar to the style or color on basically the same, the law should adopt the literal translation. (1) He is another Shylock. : He is also a Shylock. (Note: Shakespeare's Shylock is "The Merchant of Venice" in a very harsh mean business People. ) (2) To carry coals to Newcastle. : Coal to Newcastle. (Note: "Newcastle" is a British coal, coal is superfluous here.) 4. Conclusion Metaphor as a way to figures of speech or skills, a unique feature of grammar, which features make the sentence more flexible and constructive, but the United States. Is a metaphor to express more complex ideas and things, a powerful tool. Wherever and whenever people in their daily lives are often used metaphor. As Mr. Lin Zhuang said: "The metaphor is no longer expanding his knowledge and understanding of a passive process. To help us in the form of new knowledge, the metaphor has played an active role so that we can better a better understanding of the objective world." In English and Chinese Metaphorical significance of the difference is due to cultural differences between East and West, that mode of thinking, moral values and sense of difference. However, different cultural impact of what is the concept of metaphor, it is still a need to examine and address the problem. At the same time, in the metaphor of the process of translation must pay special attention to cultural differences. The best translation is to be able to accurately reflect the true meaning of the author, as well as its cultural and stylistic characteristics of the translation, that is, the translation of metaphor to make as much as possible the original language and to achieve the target language culture, and so on.
提供一些英语专业毕业论文在中西文化差异方面的论文选题，供参考。中西节日文化差异中西饮食文化的差异中西方人际关系交往中的差异分析浅析中西方社会对人格塑造的影响中西方餐桌文化论中英谚语文化差异通过日常生活看西方人的思维方式与我们的不同中美酒文化的比较比较中西文化中对时间概念的不同理解西方人的文化理念与中国人的异同中西方教育体制的差异中英思维模式比较分析中西方幼儿教育的异同中西方寒暄语的不同浅析中西方性观念异同