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Abstract Objective: To ring for the treatment of mixed hemorrhoid surgery, most of the large presence of local damage, post-operative complications and other defects. Observed using different stripping tie ring mixed hemorrhoids surgical treatment efficacy, and to explore the anal sphincter function and circumferential mixed pathogenesis. Surgical techniques: the ring mixed hemorrhoids external hemorrhoids with the sub-stripping, ligation of internal hemorrhoids with injection of non-liquid Xiaozhiling area hemorrhoids ligation method. Circumferential mixed for varicose veins do not release the anal sphincter, and for circumferential mixed connective tissue type to give anal sphincter release. Results: 164 patients were cured and 158 cases, 96%, effective in 6 cases, accounting for 4% of all effective course of 12-21 days, an average of 16 days, one year after surgery follow-up, there are follow-up results of 156 cases, including two cases of occasional wet anus, itching, with no recurrence and secondary anal fissure, anal stenosis. Conclusion: The circumferential mixed Keywords circular mixed hemorrhoid ligation stripping anal sphincter injection Xiaozhiling
Abstract Objective: To ring for the treatment of mixed hemorrhoid surgery, most of the large presence of local damage, post-operative complications and other defects. Observed using different stripping tie ring mixed hemorrhoids surgical treatment efficacy, and to explore the anal sphincter function and circumferential mixed pathogenesis. Surgical techniques: the ring mixed hemorrhoids external hemorrhoids with the sub-stripping, ligation of internal hemorrhoids with injection of non-liquid Xiaozhiling area hemorrhoids ligation method. Circumferential mixed for varicose veins do not release the anal sphincter, and for circumferential mixed connective tissue type to give anal sphincter release. Results: 164 patients were cured and 158 cases, 96%, effective in 6 cases, accounting for 4% of all effective course of 12-21 days, an average of 16 days, one year after surgery follow-up, there are follow-up results of 156 cases, including two cases of occasional wet anus, itching, with no recurrence and secondary anal fissure, anal stenosis. Conclusion: The circumferential mixed connective tissue type of patients, the anal sphincter tension, poor flexibility, giving anal sphincter release surgery, after surgery can reduce pain, prevent local edema, but also to prevent anal stenosis after surgery. Circumferential mixed-type patients with varicose veins, the most lax anal sphincter, anal sphincter surgery does not release, it does not cause anal stenosis. Therefore, anal sphincter dysfunction and the pathogenesis of mixed hemorrhoid ring to be explored. Keywords circular mixed hemorrhoid ligation stripping anal sphincter injection Xiaozhiling
[ Abstract ] Objective To evaluate the head cap extraoral arch high traction in the treatment of severe dentition crowding with high angle cases clinical curative effect. Methods 18 cases of severe dentition crowding with high angle patients, application of headgear traction enhancing extraoral arch high molar anchorage molar height, and control, combined with fixed appliance for orthodontic extraction. Results 18 cases of patients with aligning, face get to keep or improve, molar and canine relationship reached the neutral, maintained or reduced mandibular plane angle. Conclusion head cap extraoral arch in moderate to severe congestion with high angle cases treatment can rise to control molar height and strengthen the role of molar anchorage.[ Key words ] head cap extraoral arch crowding high angle
Objective To evaluate acute and long2term angiographic and clinical outcomes of longstent or multiple overlapped stents (length ≥ 20 mm) implantation for diffuse atherosclerosis lesions inoctogenarians. Methods Long stent or multiple overlapped stents implantation was performed on 111diffuse native coronary lesions ( Group O : 47 lesions in 44 octogenarians ; Group Y: 64 lesions in 58 patientsaged under 60) . Baseline demographic , lesion characteristic , angiographic and procedural details weresimilar in these 2 groups. Six2month clinical and angiographic follow2up was completed in all cases. In2hospital and long2term outcomes were evaluated. Results Procedure success was 100 %for both had in2hospital major adverse cardiac events (MACE) . There was no significant difference inangiographic binary restenosis ( ≥50 % diameter stenosis) rate between the groups at follow2up ( Group Ovs. Group Y, 1218 % vs1 1019 % at 32month , 2918 % vs. 2616 % at 62month , P > 0105) . The rates oftarget lesion revascularization and MACE at follow2up were less in Group Y, but it showed no statisticalsignificance (718 % vs. 1016 % and 816 % vs. 1114 % at 32month , 1516 % vs. 2314 % and 2017 % % at 62month , respectively , P > 0105) . Conclusions Long stent implantation for diffuse lesionsin octogenarians appears safe and feasible , with high procedural success and favorable long2term outcomes.
[摘要]根据自己在编审医学论文英文摘要工作中的实际经验，总结和归纳在翻译医学论文摘要时应注意的问题及使用的方法、策略，重点论述医学论文英文摘要的写作格式、文章标题的表达方式、语态和时态的使用、长难句翻译等。[关键词]医学论文；英语摘要；写作；翻译为繁荣医学教育，提高医疗水平，传播医学知识，促进同国外的医学交流，推动医学科学的进步，我国目前已出版发行了数百种医学期刊。为了方便论文的检索和查阅，保持同国外医学期刊的一致性，医学论文大多要求书写中、英文摘要。笔者在医学期刊的英文编辑工作中发现，相当一部分摘要的书写不够规范，部分作者在遇到长句及疑难句子时就不知从何下手，有的将检索的外文资料生搬硬抄，同自己的原文完全不对应。笔者特撰写此文，以期对提高广大医务工作者书写英文摘要的水平、提高医学论文的质量有所帮助。1 英文摘要的写作格式医学论文摘要的格式目前主要采用结构式摘要(structured abstract)，它是由加拿大Mc Master大学临床流行病学和生物统计学教授Haynes博士[1]于1990年4月首先提出的。而几乎在同年，美国《内科学纪事》(Annals of Internal Medicine'Ann Intern Med)在国际上率先应用结构式摘要[2]，随之，世界各国的医学期刊都采用了结构式摘要[3]。这些结构式摘要有8段式、7段式、6段式、5段式、4段式及3段式等，内容主要包括研究目的、研究设计、研究单位、研究对象或病人、处理方法、检测方法、结果及结论共8项。而在实际应用中，8段式结构式摘要逐渐简化为4段式。我国大多数医学期刊都采用了4段式结构式摘要，即目的、方法、结果和结论。（1）目的(objective)：简要说明研究的目的，表明研究的范围、内容和重要性，常常涵盖文章的标题内容。（2）方法(methods)：简要说明研究课题的设计思路，使用何种材料和方法，如何对照分组，如何处理数据等。（3）结果(results)：简要介绍研究的主要结果和数据，有何新发现，说明其价值及局限。此外，还要给出结果的置信值，统计学显著性检验的确切值。（4）结论(conclusion)：简要对以上的研究结果进行分析或讨论，并进行总结，给出符合科学规律的结论。为了更好地说明问题，我们来看下例：（1）目的：探讨螺旋CT(SCT)对结、直肠癌术前分期的价值。（2）方法：51例疑诊结、直肠肿瘤的患者行SCT扫描，扫描前清洁肠道，并经直肠注气，扫描范围从膈顶至耻骨联合。51例中，41例经直肠镜或手术病理证实为结、直肠癌，其中31例有手术、SCT等完整资料参与分期研究，将影像诊断与手术病理结果进行对照。（3）结果：SCT总的分期准确率为(18/31)，判断T分期的准确率为(27/32)'N分期的准确率为(19/31)。评价肿瘤浆膜外侵犯的敏感性和特异性分别为和。（4）结论：SCT扫描对结、直肠癌的术前分期有重要价值，有助于判断肿瘤浆膜外侵犯及区域淋巴结和远处转移情况。其对应的英文摘要为：（1）Objective：To evaluate spiral CT (SCT) in the preoperative staging of colorectal carcinomas. （2）Methods：Fifty?one patients suspicious of having colorectal carcinoma underwent spiral CT scans performed from the dome of the diaphragm to symphysis pubica after cleansing enema and rectal air insufflation. 41 of the 51 patients were proved to have colorectal carcinoma by colonoscopy and/or pathology. The findings of SCT of 31 patients treated with surgery were compared with the surgical pathological examination for staging.（3）Results：The overall accuracy rate of SCT staging was (18/31). For evaluation of T staging and N staging'the accuracy rates were (27/32) and (19/31). Sensitivity and specificity for serosal infiltration were and .（4）Conclusion：SCT scan'playing a significant role in the preoperative staging of colorectal carcinoma'is useful to detect the serosal infiltration'lymph node and distant metastasis.上述摘要中英文对应准确，叙述简练，基本上概括了全文的主要内容，便于专家和编辑的审稿和校对，也便于医务工作者以及普通读者的查阅和检索。
Objective To evaluate acute and long2term angiographic and clinical outcomes of longstent or multiple overlapped stents (length ≥ 20 mm) implantation for diffuse atherosclerosis lesions inoctogenarians. Methods Long stent or multiple overlapped stents implantation was performed on 111diffuse native coronary lesions ( Group O : 47 lesions in 44 octogenarians ; Group Y: 64 lesions in 58 patientsaged under 60) . Baseline demographic , lesion characteristic , angiographic and procedural details weresimilar in these 2 groups. Six2month clinical and angiographic follow2up was completed in all cases. In2hospital and long2term outcomes were evaluated. Results Procedure success was 100 %for both had in2hospital major adverse cardiac events (MACE) . There was no significant difference inangiographic binary restenosis ( ≥50 % diameter stenosis) rate between the groups at follow2up ( Group Ovs. Group Y, 1218 % vs1 1019 % at 32month , 2918 % vs. 2616 % at 62month , P > 0105) . The rates oftarget lesion revascularization and MACE at follow2up were less in Group Y, but it showed no statisticalsignificance (718 % vs. 1016 % and 816 % vs. 1114 % at 32month , 1516 % vs. 2314 % and 2017 % % at 62month , respectively , P > 0105) . Conclusions Long stent implantation for diffuse lesionsin octogenarians appears safe and feasible , with high procedural success and favorable long2term outcomes.
无论哪个翻译软件翻出来的都是比较生硬的，一眼就能看出来。如果非要用软件翻的话，谷歌在线翻译相对来说好一些，不过还是推荐人工来翻译，北京译顶科技那边都是人工给你翻译的
这种比较专业性的好的免费的论文在网上很难找,就算找的应该也不是完整的,特别是免费的,建议你去学校图书馆阅览室,你不有阅览证吗?那里很多,选择性多呀,含金量也比较高.
血糖升高对出血性脑卒中（hemorrhagic apoplexy）的发生发展有极其重要的影响，不但作为重要危险因素参与HA的起始，导致疾病发病率增高，而且对HA发生后病理过程有促进作用，使血肿体积扩大，加重水肿，加重功能损害，影响预后。Hyperglycemia has a very important impact on the occurrence and development of hemorrhagic stroke (hemorrhagic apoplexy). It not only acts as an important risk factor in the initiation of HA, but also increases the incidence of disease, and promotes the pathological process of HA, enlarges the volume of hematoma, aggravates edema, aggravates functional damage, and affects prognosis.高血糖参与HA的发生机制是多方面的，包括:脂代谢异常、颈动脉重塑、内皮功能障碍、血小板功能异常、高凝状态、胰岛素抵抗。而高血糖扩大梗死面积，促进HA发展主要与致酸中毒、缺血损伤区域细胞凋亡等机制有关。Hyperglycemia is involved in the pathogenesis of HA in many aspects, including: abnormal lipid metabolism, Carotid Remodeling, endothelial dysfunction, platelet dysfunction, hypercoagulability, insulin resistance. However, hyperglycemia can enlarge the infarct area and promote the development of HA, which is mainly related to the mechanism of acidosis and apoptosis in ischemic injury area.血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和环氧合酶（COX-2）与脑血管病的关系，已引起人们的重视。血管内皮生长因子的突出作用是诱导体内血管形成，提高血管通透性；近年来发现它也有刺激神经元、胶质细胞、轴突的生长和成活的作用。环氧合酶(cyclooxygenase，COX)，是催化花生四烯酸(arachidonic acid，AA)合成前列腺素(prostgalandin，PG)以及血栓素(thromboxan，TX)的限速酶。其中COX-1为结构型，存在于大多数组织中，催化生成维持正常结构的PG；COX-2为诱导型，在生理状态下，COX-2在大多数组织中以极低拷贝数表达。但IL-1、TNF等许多炎症刺激因子均可诱导COX-2表达。但目前有关血管内皮生长因子和环氧合酶的研究多集中在与脑缺血的关系上，而关于脑出血后脑水肿的动态变化与VEGF、COX-2表达的相关性研究却不多。The relationship between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and cerebrovascular diseases has attracted people's attention. In recent years, it has been found that vascular endothelial growth factor can stimulate the growth and survival of neurons, glial cells and axons. Cyclooxygenase (COX) is a rate limiting enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of prostaglandin (PG) and thromboxane (TX) from arachidonic acid (AA). COX-1 is a structural type, which exists in most tissues and catalyzes the generation of PG maintaining normal structure; COX-2 is an inducible type, which is expressed in a very low copy number in most tissues under physiological conditions. But many inflammatory factors such as IL-1 and TNF can induce COX-2 expression. However, at present, the researches on VEGF and COX-2 are mostly focused on the relationship with cerebral ischemia, but few on the relationship between the dynamic changes of brain edema and the expression of VEGF and COX-2 after cerebral hemorrhage.在认识到高血糖对脑出血损伤危害性同时，控制血糖水平治疗即成为脑血管病治疗手段之一，特别是采用胰岛素降低血糖水平纳入急性脑卒中治疗指南。已有研究发现胰岛素对急性期脑出血周围脑组织的缺血性损伤有保护作用。可能机制为：现已发现脑中存在胰岛素受体，胰岛素可与胰岛素受体结合，降低脑细胞对糖的摄取，从而降低脑细胞内糖的储存，减少乳酸产生的底物，从根本上纠正细胞酸中毒；同时胰岛素还可以降低外周血糖浓度，增加出血周围水肿带的有效血供，造成相对低血糖高灌流状态，从而对脑损害产生改善作用。In recognition of the harm of hyperglycemia to cerebral hemorrhage, the control of blood glucose level has become one of the treatment methods of cerebrovascular disease, especially the use of insulin to reduce blood glucose level has been included in the treatment guidelines of acute stroke. It has been found that insulin has a protective effect on the ischemic injury of brain tissue around acute cerebral hemorrhage. The possible mechanisms are as follows: it has been found that there is insulin receptor in the brain, insulin can combine with insulin receptor, reduce the uptake of sugar by brain cells, thus reduce the storage of sugar in brain cells, reduce the substrate produced by lactic acid, fundamentally correct cell acidosis; at the same time, insulin can also reduce the concentration of peripheral blood sugar, increase the effective blood supply of edema zone around hemorrhage, resulting in relatively low blood supply Hyperperfusion of blood glucose can improve brain damage.为了解这两种细胞因子与糖尿病合并脑出血损伤的关系，本研究在糖尿病模型的基础上，拟通过自体血注入法建立稳定的大鼠脑出血的动物模型，在此基础上动态观察脑出血后行为学和脑含水量的变化趋势，分析VEGF和COX-2在出血后脑组织中的分布特点和表达变化，进而探讨VEGF和COX-2在脑出血后脑组织损伤中的作用和意义，对比糖尿病大鼠和正常血糖大鼠脑水肿体积的差别，初步观察此二因子在糖尿病大鼠和正常血糖大鼠脑出血表达的差异，以期为脑出血的治疗提供新的方法和思路。In order to understand the relationship between these two cytokines and the injury of cerebral hemorrhage in diabetes mellitus, this study is to establish a stable animal model of cerebral hemorrhage by autogenous blood injection on the basis of diabetes model. On this basis, dynamic observation of the change trend of behavior and brain water content after cerebral hemorrhage is made, and the distribution characteristics and expression changes of VEGF and COX-2 in brain tissue after hemorrhage are analyzed, Furthermore, to explore the role and significance of VEGF and COX-2 in brain tissue injury after cerebral hemorrhage, to compare the difference of brain edema volume between diabetic rats and normal glucose rats, and to preliminarily observe the difference of expression of VEGF and COX-2 in cerebral hemorrhage between diabetic rats and normal glucose rats, in order to provide new methods and ideas for the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage.材料与方法Materials and methods1. 实验动物和分组1. Experimental animals and groups健康成年雄性Wistar大鼠，共96只，体重250~280克，由郑州大学实验动物中心提供。按照随机化的原则将实验动物分为4组，即假手术组、正常血糖组、高血糖组和胰岛素干预组。每组均设4个时间点：6h、24h、72h、7d。每个时间点设6只大鼠。96 healthy adult male Wistar rats weighing 250-280 g were provided by the experimental animal center of Zhengzhou University. According to the principle of randomization, the experimental animals were divided into four groups: sham operation group, normal blood glucose group, hyperglycemia group and insulin intervention group. Each group had four time points: 6h, 24h, 72h, 7d. Six rats were set at each time . 高血糖大鼠模型制作及胰岛素干预方法2. Establishment of hyperglycemia rat model and insulin intervention参照STZ诱导法制备高血糖大鼠模型。以STZ 60mg/kg，对高血糖及胰岛素干预组大鼠单次腹腔注射。大鼠正常血糖值为4一6mmol/L，注射后一周检测血糖≥为成功模型备选用。高血糖模型成功后，予干预组大鼠普通胰岛素，腹壁皮下注射，3次/d，4U/次，连用3天，测血糖值达正常范围。The hyperglycemia rat model was established by STZ induction. STZ (60 mg / kg) was used for single intraperitoneal injection in the hyperglycemia and insulin intervention group. The normal blood glucose value of rats was 4-6mmol / L, and the blood glucose ≥ was detected one week after injection as the successful model. After the success of hyperglycemia model, rats in the intervention group were given insulin, subcutaneous injection of abdominal wall, 3 times a day, 4U a time, for 3 days, and the blood glucose value reached the normal range.（论文翻译由学术堂提供）
太专业了，建议你找医学翻译公司，一般人翻译的质量难以保证。从网上搜索了几个：上海医学翻译公司易传思翻译公司致力于医学翻译，英文论文润色健康所系，性命相托。”上海医学翻译公司,易传思翻译公司——医药翻译的质量直接关系到人的生命，来不得半点马虎。 我们深知我们所肩负的重任，对于每一个医药翻译项目， ... - 网页快照 - 类似结果上海医学翻译公司-【上海:】-译佰全国翻译连锁机构医学翻译业务是上海译佰翻译公司的主营业务之一，它主要包括医学报告翻译、医疗器材手册翻译、医学论文翻译以及药品说明翻译等许多专业性极强的翻译领域。 ... - 网页快照 - 类似结果上海医学翻译公司|上海译佰医学翻译公司|专业的上海医学翻译公司译佰上海医学翻译公司是上海地区一家大型的医学翻译公司，公司有着丰富的医学翻译经验。译佰医学翻译公司上海总部立足于上海提供医学翻译服务。公司在上海建立了医学 ... - 网页快照 - 类似结果医学翻译－医学翻译公司-上海医学翻译公司-专业医学翻译-上海天虹翻译 ...上海天虹医学翻译公司是知名医学翻译公司。天虹医学翻译公司专著于为国内外客户提供多语种专业医学翻译服务和医学口译服务，如各文字专业医学翻译、医学陪同口译及医学 ... - 网页快照 - 类似结果上海医学翻译公司,上海医学翻译中心我们是专业从事医药翻译的大型医学翻译公司，翻译项目有医疗器械、药学资料、生物技术、医药论文、医药软件汉化等。可提供多达46种语言的医药领域的翻译服务。 - 网页快照 - 类似结果医学翻译公司-医学翻译|新译通翻译(上海/北京/广州/深圳)翻译公司-专业 ...翻译公司，上海翻译公司，北京翻译公司，广州翻译公司，深圳翻译公司. - 网页快照 - 类似结果医学翻译--上海汇通翻译公司本公司的医学翻译人员全部具有医学各专业学科硕士以上学位和临床经验，同时又具备良好的语言功底和职业道德，以高度的责任严格控制医学翻译的译文质量。 - 网页快照 - 类似结果上海医学翻译公司- 上海翻译公司-南京翻译公司-日语翻译/日文翻译/英语翻译上海碧汇翻译公司提供50种语言,上海翻译公司专职英日翻译50名,英语100元,日语140元,免费
NaQing sex deep overburden front teeth tooth meets the clinical experience treatmentAbstract: objective to investigate NaQing sexual front teeth tooth overburden match not deep treatment of factors, correction method and the matters needing attention. Methods selection NaQing sex deep overburden front teeth and 18 cases, are not case tooth correction. Results treatment completion time 15 to 21 months, average months. Correction by first teeth together, facial side cover normal appearance was coordination. Conclusion anterior tooth NaQing sex should be repeated in deep choosing good indications fits the tooth under treatment.
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Abstract Objective: To ring for the treatment of mixed hemorrhoid surgery, most of the large presence of local damage, post-operative complications and other defects. Observed using different stripping tie ring mixed hemorrhoids surgical treatment efficacy, and to explore the anal sphincter function and circumferential mixed pathogenesis. Surgical techniques: the ring mixed hemorrhoids external hemorrhoids with the sub-stripping, ligation of internal hemorrhoids with injection of non-liquid Xiaozhiling area hemorrhoids ligation method. Circumferential mixed for varicose veins do not release the anal sphincter, and for circumferential mixed connective tissue type to give anal sphincter release. Results: 164 patients were cured and 158 cases, 96%, effective in 6 cases, accounting for 4% of all effective course of 12-21 days, an average of 16 days, one year after surgery follow-up, there are follow-up results of 156 cases, including two cases of occasional wet anus, itching, with no recurrence and secondary anal fissure, anal stenosis. Conclusion: The circumferential mixed Keywords circular mixed hemorrhoid ligation stripping anal sphincter injection Xiaozhiling
[ Abstract ] Objective To evaluate the head cap extraoral arch high traction in the treatment of severe dentition crowding with high angle cases clinical curative effect. Methods 18 cases of severe dentition crowding with high angle patients, application of headgear traction enhancing extraoral arch high molar anchorage molar height, and control, combined with fixed appliance for orthodontic extraction. Results 18 cases of patients with aligning, face get to keep or improve, molar and canine relationship reached the neutral, maintained or reduced mandibular plane angle. Conclusion head cap extraoral arch in moderate to severe congestion with high angle cases treatment can rise to control molar height and strengthen the role of molar anchorage.[ Key words ] head cap extraoral arch crowding high angle
Abstract Objective: To ring for the treatment of mixed hemorrhoid surgery, most of the large presence of local damage, post-operative complications and other defects. Observed using different stripping tie ring mixed hemorrhoids surgical treatment efficacy, and to explore the anal sphincter function and circumferential mixed pathogenesis. Surgical techniques: the ring mixed hemorrhoids external hemorrhoids with the sub-stripping, ligation of internal hemorrhoids with injection of non-liquid Xiaozhiling area hemorrhoids ligation method. Circumferential mixed for varicose veins do not release the anal sphincter, and for circumferential mixed connective tissue type to give anal sphincter release. Results: 164 patients were cured and 158 cases, 96%, effective in 6 cases, accounting for 4% of all effective course of 12-21 days, an average of 16 days, one year after surgery follow-up, there are follow-up results of 156 cases, including two cases of occasional wet anus, itching, with no recurrence and secondary anal fissure, anal stenosis. Conclusion: The circumferential mixed connective tissue type of patients, the anal sphincter tension, poor flexibility, giving anal sphincter release surgery, after surgery can reduce pain, prevent local edema, but also to prevent anal stenosis after surgery. Circumferential mixed-type patients with varicose veins, the most lax anal sphincter, anal sphincter surgery does not release, it does not cause anal stenosis. Therefore, anal sphincter dysfunction and the pathogenesis of mixed hemorrhoid ring to be explored. Keywords circular mixed hemorrhoid ligation stripping anal sphincter injection Xiaozhiling
关于医学论文的话，这个里面包含了很多的专业词语，建议找北京译顶科技让他们给你翻译，毕竟他们那边是专业的，而且设计范围也很广
不影响啊只要写明你参考的部分在那本书的那个版本的多少页至于你直接还是间接引用，没关系的。我们当时写英语论文，也用到中文参考资料，知道老师说可以直接这样的。
医学类论文参考文献
参考文献是文章或著作等写作过程中参考过的文献，列于文末并与参考文献分列或置于当页脚地加以说明。以下是我为您整理的医学类论文参考文献，希望能提供帮助。
篇一：参考文献
[1] 雷激，张明秋，黄承钰，白琳，何中虎. 用体外消化/Caco-2细胞模型观察维生素C和柠檬酸对铁生物利用的影响[J]. 南方医科大学学报. 2008(10)
[2] 邬向东，李平华，陈如圣，全炳昭，罗军荣. 牛初乳中乳铁蛋白的分离纯化及其抗菌活性研究[J]. 江西畜牧兽医杂志. 2011(01)
[3] 高东雁. 丹参酚酸磷脂复合物及其自乳化给药系统研究[D]. 复旦大学 2009
[4] 雷激，张明秋，张勇，黄承钰，白琳. 体外消化/Caco-2细胞模型评价面粉锌生物利用率[J]. 食品科学. 2011(01)
[5] 哈卓，赵丽丽，于晓旭，宗晓淋，毛雅元，张健，李一经，葛俊伟，乔薪瑗，唐丽杰. 重组猪乳铁蛋白N端的高效表达及抑菌活性检测[J]. 生物工程学报. 2010(04)
[6] 张明秋，王康宁，雷激，岳向峰，谢传晓，黄承钰. 体外消化/Caco-2细胞模型评价铁生物强化玉米铁生物利用率[J]. 营养学报. 2009(06)
[7] 陈历俊，姜铁民编着.乳铁蛋白生物功能及基因表达[M]. 科学出版社， 2007
[8] 缪明星，袁玉国，安礼友，赵俊辉，柏亚军，郭磊，成勇. 转基因小鼠乳汁中重组人乳铁蛋白的提取与抗菌活性分析[J]. 农业生物技术学报. 2009(03)
[9] 杨鹏华，倪凤娥. 常乳中牛乳铁蛋白的纯化及抗菌活性研究[J]. 安徽农业科学. 2009(16)
[10] 雷激，黄承钰，张勇，张明秋，白琳. 体外消化/Caco-2细胞方法评价富铁小麦生物利用率[J]. 卫生研究. 2009(02)
[11] 胡宏伟. 国民健康公平程度测量、因素分析与保障体系研究[D]. 武汉大学 2010
[12] 崔淑霞. 长春西汀自微乳化给药系统及其固体化制剂的设计与评价[D]. 沈阳药科大学 2009
篇二：参考文献
[1] 陈晓兰，刘文，张永萍，缪艳燕，刘毅. 开设相关选修课对中医药院校大学生饮食行为影响的调查报告[J]. 贵阳中医学院学报. 2014(04)
[2] 蓝蕾，邱霞，刘剑英. 军队在职干部营养KAP与健康状况调查及相关性分析[J]. 中国疗养医学. 2014(06)
[3] 周海秋. 中国农村社会养老的可行性研究[D]. 吉林大学 2009
[4] 牛洁. 不同山药营养成分分析及品质鉴定[D]. 内蒙古农业大学 2010
[5] 路宗志. 古代食物本草性能的研究[D]. 北京中医药大学 2008
[6] 卢化柱，蒋淼，朱红云. 几部重要食物本草文献概述[J]. 中药与临床. 2013(05)
[7] 刘旭辉，吴承艳，金泰慜. 清代石成金《食鉴本草》考略[J]. 浙江中医药大学学报. 2014(06)
[8] 王峥，孙皎，韩维嘉，白姣姣，贺敏霞，陈丽榕，李敏. 老年糖尿病肾病患者膳食知识认知状况的.调查分析[J]. 上海护理. 2014(03)
[9] 宋学岐，刘海青. 黑木耳对中老年疗养员高脂血症的干预效果[J]. 实用医药杂志. 2014(05)
[10] 聂翠芳. 1661名农村中老年人健康状况调查及健康教育效果分析[D]. 青岛大学 2010
[11] 张迪. 对中医院肿瘤患者食疗行为及饮食知识需求的调查结果分析[J]. 当代医药论丛. 2014(02)
[12] 周巧玲. 西部农村养老问题及模式选择研究[D]. 兰州大学 2010
[13] 申润喜. 《太平圣惠方》食疗方剂的研究[D]. 北京中医药大学 2013
[14] 朱丽瑶. 《本草品汇精要》食物文献的研究[D]. 北京中医药大学 2011
[15] 王攀. 古代抗疲劳食物文献的研究[D]. 北京中医药大学 2010
[16] 白克江. 古代本草中食物功效的研究[D]. 北京中医药大学 2008
[17] 闫雪. 中医药认知度现场调查及睡眠网络调查研究[D]. 中国中医科学院 2008
[18] 匡玉宝，梁意引，梁海东，陈榕，黄英河，李霞. 慢性荨麻疹忌食疗法与食物不耐受IgG水平的研究[J]. 现代医院. 2014(05)
[19] 夏循礼. 黄宫绣《本草求真》食物基原本草药物研究[J]. 中医研究. 2014(02)
[20] 巫朝霞，陶莉莉，陈小平，潘佩光，张晓静，林青梅. 姜醋食疗防治产后病的临床研究[J]. 中外医疗. 2014(04)
篇三：参考文献
[1] 涂嫒茜. 历代明目类食药文献的研究与应用[D]. 北京中医药大学 2007
[2] 王琦，朱燕波，薛禾生，李稍. 中医体质量表的初步编制[J]. 中国临床康复. 2006(03)
[3] 陆志平，李媛媛，魏方方，施诚. 人工智能、专家系统与中医专家系统[J]. 医学信息. 2004(08)
[4] 玛丽亚. 中国烹饪文化中的传统中医食疗[D]. 浙江大学 2012
[5] 田卫卫. 社区居民对传统中医营养学认知、态度及行为调查研究[D]. 北京中医药大学 2014
[6] 李婧. 基于体质调理的食疗咨询系统设计研究[D]. 中南大学 2014
[7] 任洁. 马齿苋调节血糖作用的研究[D]. 北京中医药大学 2006
[8] 王宝丽. 中医药膳调理亚健康状态的理论研究[D]. 山东中医药大学 2014
[9] 卢化柱. 《随园食单》中的药物-药食同源的个案研究[D]. 成都中医药大学 2013
[10] 蔡自兴，(美)约翰·德尔金(JohnDurkin)，龚涛编着.高级专家系统[M]. 科学出版社， 2005
[11] (美)CraigLarman着，姚淑珍，李虎等译.UML和模式应用[M]. 机械工业出版社， 2002
[12] 李德新主编.中医基础理论[M]. 人民卫生出版社， 2001
[13] 曹艳辉. 古代中医外科食疗方剂的研究[D]. 北京中医药大学 2014
[14] 谢晓方，姜震. 一种结合CLIPS和VC++开发专家系统的方法[J]. 计算机系统应用. 2004(12)
[15] 吴海桥，刘毅，丁运亮，张祥伟. 基于关系数据库的知识库的建立[J]. 微型电脑应用. 2001(11)
[16] 石添香. 基于特征图谱技术的五种药膳质量控制研究[D]. 广州中医药大学 2013
[17] 刘杰. 2型糖尿病中医特色饮食管理初探[D]. 广州中医药大学 2013
[18] 李静娴. 饮食疗法对痰湿体质高脂血症患者作用的研究[D]. 浙江中医药大学 2014
[19] 赵星星. 《医学衷中参西录》食疗思想研究[D]. 扬州大学 2013
[20] 杨连初. 从网上医疗谈中医专家系统[J]. 湖南中医学院学报. 1999(02)
[21] 崔冬华，赵耀原. 中医儿科专家系统建造[J]. 山西医学院学报. 1995(04)
参考文献书籍引用格式为：
作者.书籍名称[M].出版社所在城市:出版社名称,出版年份:页码.
如：郑刚.生物医学光学[M].南京:东南大学出版社,2017:383.
如果是合著，即有多名作者，其作者的书写格式与期刊多名作者的书写格式相同。
参考文献一般包括：专著[M]、论文集[C]、报纸文章[N]、期刊文章[J]、学位论文[D]、报告[R]、标准[S]、专利[P]、论文集中的析出文献[A]。
以上内容参考：全国标准信息公共服务平台-信息与文献 参考文献著录规则
医学论文的参考文献写作需要遵循国际通行的Vancouver参考文献格式，具体要求如下：1. 书籍：作者. 书名. 版本号（如有）. 出版地：出版社；出版年份.例如：Wu AHB, McKay C. Laboratory hematology practice. 2nd ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell Pub; . 期刊文章：作者. 文章题目. 期刊名. 出版年份；卷号（期号）：页码.例如：Koehler P, Karch H, Beutin L, et al. Characteristics of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli from meat and milk products of different origins and association with food producing animals as main contamination sources. Int J Food Microbiol. 2012;153(3):. 学术会议论文：作者. 论文题目. In: 编者姓名, 编, 会议名称; 举办日期; 举办地点. 出版地：出版社；出版年份. 页码.例如：Li Y, Chen J, Yang S, et al. Investigation on the prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in female university students in Guangzhou. In: Proceedings of the 9th Annual Meeting of Chinese Society of Virology; 2013 Sep 25-28; Beijing, China. Beijing: Science Press; 2013. p. . 网络资源：作者/编辑. 标题 [类型标识，如CD-ROM、网络文献等]. 发布或更新日期. 可获取的网址.例如：National Cancer Institute. SEER stat fact sheets: brain and other nervous system cancer [Internet]. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute; 2012 [cited 2013 Feb 15]. Available from: 在写作参考文献时，需要注意以下几点：1. 参考文献的排版要求标准化，包括字体、字号、缩进等；2. 在书写作者名时，应按照英文姓在前、名在后的顺序进行书写；3. 在书写出版年份时，应按照年份的先后顺序进行书写；4. 在书写期刊文章时，应注明期刊名称、卷号、期号及页码等信息；5. 在书写网页时，应注明网站名称、网址及访问日期等信息。此外，在医学论文的写作中，为了避免抄袭，还需要注意参考文献的引用方式。可以使用引用工具来帮助自己进行文献管理和引用，如EndNote、Zotero等。