发布时间：
首先，在发言内容上需要：做好充分准备，把论文内容细致分解，理清主线；演讲内容切忌面面具到，要条理清晰、层次清楚；配合必要的公式、图及表格；最后要给出明确结论；其次，在制作投影片中需要：片子结构合理，层次清晰；一般每页一个主题；每页内容不多于8—10行（透明胶片可达12—14行）；字体大小适中，公式、图及表格清晰；制作片子时，切忌将论文的整页内容复印到透明胶片或编辑到PowerPoint 中；片子不要准备过多，否则将不易使听众抓住主题，也难于控制发言时间；另外，在演讲过程中还应注意：发言切忌照本宣科，需要思路清楚、逻辑严密；讲演的速度控制在一张片子一分钟左右；控制自己的发言时间，不能挤占他人时间；讨论时认真听取提问（听不懂时可以礼貌地要求对方重复所提问题），针对问题给出准确的回答。发言时要沉稳、有信心，用自己熟悉的词汇，发音清楚。
演讲稿是参加会议者为了在会议或重要活动上表达自己意见、看法或汇报思想、工作情况而事先准备好的文稿。以下是我为大家整理的关于_怎么写好演讲稿_如何写好演讲稿，欢迎阅读!
演讲稿怎么写：
演讲稿是进行演讲的依据，是对演讲内容和形式的规范和提示，它体现著演讲的目的和手段，演讲的内容和形式。除非是个别的大师，大部分人在演讲前都要准备演讲稿范文，因此演讲稿怎么写非常重要，本文提供演讲稿范文的写作方法。
演讲稿的格式与一般文章的格式原则大致相同，分为1.开头;2.主体;3.结尾三个部分。但演讲是具有时间性和空间性的活动，具有一定的鼓动性和感染力，因而，演讲稿范文与一般文章还是略有不同，尤其是它的开头和结尾有特殊的要求。
一、开头
开头要点：要抓住听众，引人入胜
演讲稿的开头，也叫开场白。它在演讲稿的格式中处于显要的地位，好的演讲稿，一开头就应该用最简洁的语言、最经济的时间，把听众的注意力和兴奋点吸引过来，这样，才能达到出奇制胜的效果。
二、主体
主体要点：环环相扣，层层深入
主体是演讲稿的主要部分。在行文的过程中，要处理好思路、节奏和衔接等几个问题。
首先是思路，思路清晰的演讲才能引导听众，最简单的思路是用数字序号来表达内容的层次，如提出3个问题，第1、第2、第3，或有3种方法等等。
数字序号在结构上环环相扣，层层深入，能表达清晰的思路。此外，演讲稿中使用过渡句，或用“首先”“其次”“然后”等语词来区别层次，也是使演讲思路清晰的有效方法。
其次是节奏，是指演讲内容在结构安排上表现出的张弛起伏。节奏变化会使听众不至于疲劳，如在演讲稿范文中，适当地插入幽默、诗文、轶事等，使演讲内容不单一，以便听众的注意力能够长时间地保持高度集中。
当然节奏是为内容服务的，插入的内容应该与演讲主题相呼应，另外，节奏变换过于频繁，也会造成听众注意力涣散。
第三是衔接，是把演讲中的各个内容层次联结起来，使之具有浑然一体的整体感。由于前面提到的节奏的需要，容易使演讲稿的结构显得零散。衔接是对结构松紧、疏密的一种弥补，它使各个内容层次的变换更为巧妙和自然，使演讲稿富于整体感，有助于演讲主题的深入人心。演讲稿结构衔接的方法主要是运用同两段内容、两个层次有联络的过渡段或过渡句。
三、结尾
结尾要点：简洁有力，余音绕梁
结尾是演讲内容的自然结束。言简意赅、余音绕梁的结尾能够震撼听众，促使听众不断地思考和回味。
演讲稿结尾没有固定的格式，可以是对演讲全文要点进行简明扼要的小结，也可以是号召性、激励性的口号，也可以是名人名言以及幽默的话，结尾的重要原则是：一定要给听众留下深刻的印象。
怎样写好演讲稿?
一、演讲的准备
演讲准备十大要素：选择话题;分析听众;蒐集材料;写作演讲稿;制作视讯辅助物;设计态势语言;修饰形象;编制摘要;全面演练;熟悉演讲环境。一篇好的演讲稿所实现的目标：渊博的知识;充分的材料;严谨的逻辑;准确的语言;清晰地结构。话题的选择是演讲是否成功的关键，而选择话题的原则：适合演讲者;适合听众;适合组织者。
1.题目是演讲开头的“开头”。好的题目也就是一个好的构思。题目要既能提供资讯又能吸引人的眼球，做到生动、精炼、新颖。
2.分析听众主要做一下三个方面的工作：收集有关听众的重要资讯，以确定大部分听众的类似点;预测听众对话题的兴趣、了解程度和态度，已决定演讲的内容;了解听众的规模以及他们的态度以制定演讲的战略。
3.蒐集资料注意以下四个问题：要蒐集适合听众的材料;要蒐集多种不同型别的材料多样化、趣味性;把蒐集到的材料联通其材料来源一起写在单独的笔记卡片上，并将卡片分类，还有额外的材料。
卡耐基：神神地思想你演讲的题目和内容，一直思想到烂熟和融化，于是你就可以制造出一套新的思想，像一粒种子的幼芽，自然地膨胀而发展。演讲稿写作过程是“烂熟和融化”的过程
加里宁：写演讲稿，就逼你研究得更深刻。讲稿的写作是这样一个深入的过程，又需经历如此的艰辛，所以才使演讲的主题更加深化。
4.制作视觉辅助物注意事项：充分考虑听众的接受能力;不要过多地依赖视觉辅助物的帮助;提前制作，并进行设计和练习;简单、清晰，不要制作过于复杂的视觉辅助物。
5.设计态势语言：态势语言既是一种表情达意的手段，同时也是听众的审美物件。言之不足，手之舞之，足之蹈之。林语堂所言：既防止“过”，也不要不 “足”。
6.修饰形象：演讲者的形象是演讲者思想、道德、情操、学识和个性的外在体现。衣着、发型、是演讲者性格气质、文化评为的反映。恰当的形象修饰可以展示演讲者良好的内在修养机器独特的个人魅力。
7.编制摘要：使用摘要的这种方式可以保证你是在向听众“说”稿子而不是“背”稿子，可以有效地加强演讲与听众的交流。丘吉尔：我买火灾保险，但是不希望我的房子着火。如何准备一份演讲摘要：写出要点和次要点;列出结构提纲;摘录重要材料的关键性资讯;提示词和标记。
8.反复演练：对演讲进行全面地练习，包括熟悉内容，强化声音，体态的表达，视觉辅助物的运用等。
9.熟悉演讲化境：环境的好坏是演讲能否成功的重要因素。人们常说一个很糟糕的房间会将一次最好的演讲变成一场灾难。
二、演讲稿的组织
演讲稿有十分独特的问题要求，它是一种成文性的口语，它是一种口语化文章文字是立起来的。演讲稿的语言特点：听众的明确性;语言的即时性;表达的现场性。
林语堂：一个好的演说稿，在他的演说讲完之后，他会感觉到他的演说有着四份的，一份是他原来预备的;一份是他实际讲出来的;一份是在报纸上刊登的;还有一份，就是他在回家途中想到当时应该怎样讲法的。
组织演讲稿最容易犯的一个错误就是不区分口头语体和书面语体，把演讲稿写成论文、报告一样。一定要牢记演讲稿是为人的耳朵，而不是为眼睛设计的。
总而言之，演讲稿是一种经过高度地概括、提炼和艺术加工而成的口语。语言简洁、流畅、生动;内容精确、规范、优美;形式声韵美、意境美。演讲稿的表达要求：简练、生动、流畅、通俗。
1.演讲稿对演讲的积极作用：保证内容正确、全面和富有逻辑;加强语言的规范性和表现力;有助于克服怯场，增强信心;帮助演讲者适当地掌握时间。写-记-扔
2.演讲稿的特性：声传性演讲稿是现场演讲的依据，是由“心声”变有声的语言中介。撰写演讲稿要做到“上口”和“入耳”;临场性;整体性三方人物，四重联络，五个环节
3.演讲稿的结构：由开头像老虎、中间像猪肚子丰满和结尾像豹子三部分组成。开头提出问题，中间分析问题，结尾解决问题。开头定好基调，中间形成 *** ，结尾发人深省。
4.演讲的开头：短小精巧，新颖诱人。善于始者，成功己半五个目标：决定听众的期望值;奠定演讲的基调;预告演讲的框架;发展与听众交流的共同基础;建立演讲者的可信度。
开场白的有效形式：故事、共同基础、个人参照、个人经历、赞美、惊人的陈述、抒情、悬念、比喻、提问、排比、幽默、双关等。注意的问题：长度要适中;最有再写开场白;避免开场的大忌，平淡、自我吹嘘、谦辞过多。
设问式开头：聪明的提问是智慧的标志;唤起听众的注意力和兴趣，缩短演讲者与听众的距离，是两者的感情迅速沟通;采用提问式开头，要提得好，提的恰当。
叙事式开头：由于股市具有生动的情节、内容新奇等特征，容易赢得听众的关注，激起听众兴趣。要求做到：叙事要简明扼要，短小精悍，不可拖沓;事情具有针对性，能触发听众的兴趣;所叙事情要与中心论题密切相关。
解题式开头：扼要解释、说明演讲题目的含义，能自然流畅地转入正文的论述。要做到：避免罗嗦，同义反复;力求出新，不落俗套;不要故作谦虚，自吹自擂。
明旨式开头：开宗明义，开门见山，概括主要内容，直接切入主题，说明意图。要做到：集中突出，语言准确凝练，不易转弯抹角，过多渲染铺垫;这种开头方式往往在比较严肃的演讲中使用。
抒情式开头：渲染欺气氛，以情感人，使听众迅速受到情绪感染，主义聆听演讲内容。多采用排比、比喻、比拟等修辞手法，形象生动，引人入胜。要做到：真挚的感情;不可矫揉造作。
示物式开头：多在军事演讲、法庭演讲或学术演讲中使用。通过展示实物，给听众一个感性的直观印象，提出和阐述自己的见解。
5.演讲的主体：是指对话题展开论述的部分，也是演讲的核心，但负责阐述、论证观点，达到说服和感染听众的目的。
安排完整、有序、清晰的结构一般设定两三个论点，论点太多不利于听众的理解;
充分的论证观点借助分析、判断、推理、归纳等逻辑手段说理论证。选择真实、典型、生动的材料，论据要精干。带有悬念、妙趣横生、具有幽默感、寓意深刻的材料激发听众兴趣;
设定情感 *** 演讲者感情最真情、最动情的时刻，是听众最震撼、情绪最激动、精神最振奋的时刻，也是演讲者与听众达到精神和情感共鸣的时刻。酿制 *** 常用的修辞有重复、排比、设问和反问。快者掀髯，愤者扼腕，悲者掩泣，羡者色飞。李燕杰：一次演讲，怎样达到 *** ?这需要演讲者在感情上一步一步地说服听众，在理论上一步一步地抓住听众，以内容上一步一步地吸引听众，是听众的内心 *** 逐渐燃烧起来，演讲将自然推向 *** 。;
过渡语、内容预告、内部小结。运用大量的归纳和提示性语言，为听众提供内容线索，一遍能够更好地理解和记忆你说的话。演讲大师库什纳：当你拿不定主意的时候，就加上过渡。
6.演讲的结尾：结束语和开头同等重要，是演讲者表达思想、打动听众的最后机会。良好的结尾能使演讲在热烈的气氛中圆满结束，给听众留下强烈的印象。要注意： *** 洋溢，富有鼓动性;新颖巧妙，不落俗套，简洁精练;收拢全文，提示要旨;不能匆匆了事，要耐人寻味。迪金森：结尾留下些没讲的东西应该与你讲过的东西同等重要。形式上有总结式结尾、感召式结尾、抒情式结尾、警言式结尾、呼应式结尾。
7.演讲稿的修改：校正观点观点正确、鲜明、新颖;增删材料材料与观点的高度统一;调整结构结构严谨，详略得当;变换手法新颖生动，丰富多变;修饰语言上口、入耳。
如何写好演讲稿：
一、了解物件，有的放矢 演讲稿是讲给人听的，因此，写演讲稿首先要了解听众物件：了解他们的思想状况、文 化程度、职业状况如何;了解他们所关心和迫切需要解决的问题是什么，等等。否则，不看 物件，演讲稿写得再花功夫，说得再天花乱坠，听众也会感到索然无味，无动于衷，也就达 不到宣传、鼓动、教育和欣赏的目的。
二、观点鲜明，感情真挚 演讲稿观点鲜明，显示著演讲者对一种理性认识的肯定，显示著演讲者对客观事物见解 的透辟程度，能给人以可信性和可靠感。演讲稿观点不鲜明，就缺乏说服力，就失去了演讲 的作用。 演讲稿还要有真挚的感情，才能打动人、感染人，有鼓动性。因此，它要求在表达上注 意感 *** 彩，把说理和抒情结合起来。既有冷静的分析，又有热情的鼓动;既有所怒，又有 所喜;既有所憎，又有所爱。当然这种深厚动人的感情不应是“挤”出来的，而要发自肺腑， 就像泉水喷涌而出。 三、行文变化，富有波澜 构成演讲稿波澜的要素很多，有内容，有安排，也有听众的心理特征和认识事物的规律。
如果能掌握听众的心理特征和认识事物的规律，恰当地选择材料，安排材料，也能使演讲在 听众心里激起波澜。换句话说，演讲稿要写得有波澜，主要不是靠声调的高低，而是靠内容 的有起有伏，有张有弛，有强调，有反复，有比较，有照应。
四、语言流畅，深刻风趣 要把演讲者在头脑里构思的一切都写出来或说出来，让人们看得见，听得到，就必须借 助语言这个交流思想的工具。因此，语言运用得好还是差，对写作演讲稿影响极大。要提高 演讲稿的质量，不能不在语言的运用上下一番功夫。 写作演讲稿在语言运用上应注意以下五个问题：
一要口语化。“上口”、“入耳”这是对演讲语言的基本要求，也就是说演讲的语言 要口语化。 演讲，说出来的是一连串声音，听众听到的也是一连串声音。听众能否听懂，要看演讲 者能否说得好，更要看演讲稿是否写得好。如果演讲稿不“上口”，那么演讲的内容再好， 也不能使听众“入耳”，完全听懂。如在一次公安部门的演讲会上，一个公安战士讲到他在 执行公务中被歹徒打瞎了一只眼睛，歹徒弹冠相庆说这下子他成了“独眼龙”，可是这位战 士伤愈之后又重返第一线工作了。讲到这里，他拍了一下讲台，大声说：“我‘独眼龙’又 回来了!”会场里的听众立即报以热烈的掌声。 演讲稿的“口语”，不是日常的口头语言的复制，而是经过加工提炼的口头语言，要逻 辑严密，语句通顺。由于演讲稿的语言是作者写出来的，受书面语言的束缚较大，因此，就 要冲破这种束缚，使演讲稿的语言口语化。为了做到这一点，写作演讲稿时，应把长句改成 短句，把倒装句必成正装句，把单音词换成双音词，把听不明白的文言词语、成语改换或删 去。演讲稿写完后，要念一念，听一听，看看是不是“上口”、“入耳”，如果不那么“上口”、 “入耳”，就需要进一步修改。
二要通俗易懂。演讲要让听众听懂。如果使用的语言讲出来谁也听不懂，那么这篇 演讲稿就失去了听众，因而也就失去了演讲的作用、意义和价值。为此，演讲稿的语言要力 求做到通俗易懂。列宁说过：“应当善于用简单明了、群众易懂的语言讲话，应当坚决抛弃 晦涩难懂的术语和外来的字眼，抛弃记得烂熟的、现成的但是群众还不懂的、还不熟悉的口 号、决定和结论”。《社会民主党和选举协议》鲁迅也说过：“为了大众力求易懂”。《且介 亭杂文·论旧形式的采用》
三要生动感人。好的演讲稿，语言一定要生动。如果只是思想内容好，而语言干巴 巴，那就算不上是一篇好的演讲稿。广为流传的恩格斯、列宁、斯大林的演讲， *** 的演 讲，鲁迅的演讲，闻一多的演讲，都是既有丰富深刻的思想内容，又有生动感人的语言。语 言大师老舍说得好：“我们的最好的思想，最深厚的感情，只能被最美妙的语言表达出来。 若是表达不出，谁能知道那思想与感情怎样好呢?”《人物、语言及其他》由此可见，要 写好演讲稿，只有语言的明白、通俗还不够，还要力求语言生动感人。 怎样使语言生动感人呢?一是用形象化的语言，运用比喻、比拟、夸张等手法增强语言 的形象色彩，把抽象化为具体，深奥讲得浅显，枯燥变成有趣。二是运用幽默、风趣的语言， 增强演讲稿的表现力。这样，既能深化主题，又能使演讲的气氛轻松和谐;既可调整演讲的 节奏，又可使听众消除疲劳。三是发挥语言音乐性的特点，注意声调的和谐和节奏的变化。
四要准确朴素。准确，是指演讲稿使用的语言能够确切地表现讲述的物件——事物 和道理，揭示它们的本质及其相互关系。作者要做到这一点，首先，要对表达的物件熟悉了 解，认识必须对头;其次，要做到概念明确，判断恰当，用词贴切，句子组织结构合理。朴 素，是指用普普通通的语言，明晰、通畅地表达演讲的思想内容，而不刻意在形式上追求词 藻的华丽。如果过分地追求文辞的华美，就会弄巧成拙，失去朴素美的感染力。
五要控制篇幅。演讲稿不宜过长，要适当控制时间。德国著名的演讲学家海茵兹·雷 德曼在《演讲内容的要素》一文中指出：“在一次演讲中不要期望得到太多。宁可只有一个 给人印象深刻的思想，也不要五十个证人前听后忘的思想。宁可牢牢地敲进一根钉子，也不 要松松地按上几十个一拨即出的图钉。”所以，演讲稿不在乎长，而在乎精。 五，认真修改，精益求精 从事任何文体的写作都要重视修改，认真修改，精心修改，写作演讲稿自然不能例外。例如， 林肯在接到要他作上述演讲之后，在指挥战争、通权国是的情况下，亲自起草演讲稿，并把 演讲稿念给白宫的佣人听。直到演讲的前一天晚上，他还在旅馆的小房间里再次推敲、修改 这篇演讲稿。再如，1883年3月14日，马克思与世长辞。恩格斯作了《在马克思墓前 的讲话》的著名演讲。演讲草稿是这样开头的：“就在十五个月以前，我们中间大部分人曾 聚集在这座坟墓周围，当时，这里将是一位高贵的崇高的妇女最后安息的地方。今天，我们 又要掘开这座坟墓，把她的丈夫的遗体放在里边。”作者考虑后进行了修改，写成：“三月十 四日下午两点三刻，当代最伟大的思想家停止了思想。让他一个人留在房里总共不过两分钟， 等我们再进去的时候，便发现他在安乐椅上安静地睡着了--但已经是永远地睡着了。”两 者比较，后者入题较快，演讲一开始就抒发了对逝者的无限敬爱和万分惋惜的心情，使现场 的人们也沉浸在对马克思的缅怀与崇敬之中。正是这种认真的态度和精心的修改，才为他的 每次演讲的成功提供了有力的保证。
演讲稿的标准格式格式：
1.顶格写称谓语如：亲爱的老师
2.下一行空两格写问候如：大家好
3.正文
4.结尾如：谢谢大家
写法：
1、内容上的现实性
演讲稿是为了说明一定的观点和态度的。这个观点和态度一定要与现实生活紧密相关。它讨论的应该是现实生活中存在的并为人们所关心的问题。它的观点要来自身边的生活或学习，材料也是如此。它得是真实可信，是为了解决身边的问题而提出和讨论的。
2、情感上的说服性
演讲的目的和作用就在于打动听众，使听者对讲话者的观点或态度产生认可或同情。演讲稿作为这种具有特定目的的讲话稿，一定要具有说服力和感染力。很多著名的政治家都是很好的演讲者，他们往往借肋于自己出色的演讲，为自己的政治斗争铺路。
3、特定情景性
演讲稿是为演讲服务的，不同的演讲有不同的目的、情绪，有不同的场合和不同的听众，这些构成演讲的情景，演讲稿的写作要与这些特定情景相适应。
4、口语化
演讲稿的最终目的是用于讲话，所以，它是有声语言，是书面化的口语。因此，演讲稿要“上口”、“入耳”，它一方面是把口头语言变为书面语言，即化声音为文字，起到规范文字、有助演讲的作用;另一方面，演讲稿要把较为正规严肃的书面语言转化为易听易明的口语，以便演讲。同时，演讲稿的语言应适应演讲人的讲话习惯，同演讲者的自然讲话节奏一致。
演讲稿对于演讲都有哪些作用呢?主要体现在以下几方面：1整理演讲者的思路、提示演讲的内容、限定演讲的速度;2引导听众，使听众能更好地理解演讲的内容;3通过对语言的推究提高语言的表现力，增强语言的感染力。
由于演讲稿具有以上的特征和作用，它在写作方法上也有一定方法可循。
演讲稿是一种实用性比较强的文体。是为演讲准备的书面材料。
那么，什么是演讲呢?演讲是在公众面前就某一问题发表自己的见解的口头语言活动它的特点是：第一，它是在人与人之间进行的;第二，它有一定的时间性;第三，它是为了阐述某一问题或整理而开展的;第四，它带有一定的鼓动性和说服性。像演讲比赛、典礼致辞、会议发言、学术讲座、科研报告、竞选演说、就职演说、法庭陈述等，都带有演讲的性质。演讲稿是演讲用的文稿，也是演讲的依据。它是为演讲服务的，是体现在书面上的讲话材料。演讲有内容、目的的不同，演讲稿也具有不同的形态，有报导、有说明、有论辩、有答谢等。总的来说，它的特征可以概括如下：
1、内容上的现实性
演讲稿是为了说明一定的观点和态度的。这个观点和态度一定要与现实生活紧密相关。它讨论的应该是现实生活中存在的并为人们所关心的问题。它的观点要来自身边的生活或学习，材料也是如此。它得是真实可信，是为了解决身边的问题而提出和讨论的。
2、情感上的说服性
演讲的目的和作用就在于打动听众，使听者对讲话者的观点或态度产生认可或同情。演讲稿作为这种具有特定目的的讲话稿，一定要具有说服力和感染力。很多著名的政治家都是很好的演讲者，他们往往借肋于自己出色的演讲，为自己的政治斗争铺路。
3、特定情景性
演讲稿是为演讲服务的，不同的演讲有不同的目的、情绪，有不同的场合和不同的听众，这些构成演讲的情景，演讲稿的写作要与这些特定情景相适应。
4、口语化
演讲稿的最终目的是用于讲话，所以，它是有声语言，是书面化的口语。因此，演讲稿要“上口”、“入耳”，它一方面是把口头语言变为书面语言，即化声音为文字，起到规范文字、有助演讲的作用;另一方面，演讲稿要把较为正规严肃的书面语言转化为易听易明的口语，以便演讲。同时，演讲稿的语言应适应演讲人的讲话习惯，同演讲者的自然讲话节奏一致。
演讲稿对于演讲都有哪些作用呢?主要体现在以下几方面：1整理演讲者的思路、提示演讲的内容、限定演讲的速度;2引导听众，使听众能更好地理解演讲的内容;3通过对语言的推究提高语言的表现力，增强语言的感染力。
由于演讲稿具有以上的特征和作用，它在写作方法上也有一定方法可循。
1、演讲稿的结构。演讲稿的结构通常包括开场白、正文、结尾三部分。
开场白是演讲稿中很重要的部分。好的开场白能够紧紧地抓住听众的注意力，为整场演讲的成功打下基矗常用的开场白有点明主题、交代背景、提出问题等。不论哪种开场白，目的都是使听众立即了解演讲主题、引入正文、引起思考等。
演讲稿的正文也是整篇演讲的主体。主体必须有重点、有层次、有中心语句。演讲主体的层次安排可按时间或空间顺序排列，也可以平行并列、正反对比、逐层深入。由于演讲材料是通过口头表达的，为了便于听众理解，各段落应上下连贯，段与段之间有适当的过渡和照应。
结尾是演讲内容的收束。它起著深化主题的作用。结尾的方法有归纳法、引文法、反问法等。归纳法是概括一篇演讲的中心思想，总结强调主要观点;引文法则是引用名言警句，升华主题、留下思考;反问法是以问句引发听众思考和对演讲者观点的认同。此外，演讲稿的结尾也可以用感谢、展望、鼓舞等语句作结，使演讲能自然收束，给人留下深刻印象。
大多数演讲稿如同一篇议论文，有主要观点，有对主要观点的论证。一篇演讲稿最好只有一个主题，这是由演讲稿的特定情景性和时间性所决定的。在一个有限的时间段内，完全借助于语言、手势等向听众讲明一个问题或道理，同时又要说服听众，就要求在写作演讲稿时一定要突出主题、观点鲜明。
演讲稿范文：感恩父母
敬爱的老师，亲爱的同学们;
大家好，今天我演讲的题目是《感恩父母》。
感恩是中华民族的传统美德，历经5000年的沉淀，越加至善至美，而我们的生活中处处存在感恩。感恩，已是我们的一种情感。
秋天，百花凋谢，绵绵细雨，更渲染了一份悲凉，花儿落地，沾染了一地的殷红。’‘“落红不是无情物，化作春泥更护花。”花儿感恩著大地对他们的滋养，而后报答大地，花尚且有恩，何况人呢?
感恩，无时无刻不在我们的身边。
我想，大家都知道汶川地震吧，一夜之间，夺去了有近十万人的生命，他们永远的离开了我们，有多少孩子想在喊一声爸爸都不可能了，有多少孩子想再看一眼妈妈都没有机会了。所以，我们要珍视现在的时光，好好孝敬父母。
感恩父母，感恩他们对你无私的爱，爱你不是他们的义务，却是它们的本能。你一呀学语时，是谁，牵着你和你一遍遍对话;你蹒跚学步时，又是谁在你的身后扶着你给你支撑;他们在你小的时候，一遍遍哄你吃饭，一遍遍教你怎样刷牙，梳头发，怎样做人，这里速度尽量放慢而他们有一天也会老去,父亲鬓角的白发，母亲眼角的皱纹，她们为你付出了太多太多，一次又一次，原谅我们的无知与任性，为我们编织构造一个幸福的家，为我们的未来而努力。
也许过几年，当我们步入社会时，会手忙脚乱，但请你永不能不要忘记，家里，你早已年老的父母，时时惦记着你，永远不要让社会的风尘阻挡了你的感恩，永远不要忘记，常回家看看。
感恩的心，感谢有您，我感恩着你，我的父母，时光，请你善待它们，因为，我们爱他们，他们是我们一生的牵挂。不要让白雪吹白了她们的头发。
谢谢大家，我的演讲完毕。
一篇完整的演讲稿都可以分作开头、主体和结尾三部分。在主体部分又纵横展开，形成不同的层次。体现出演讲者思路展开的步骤，反映着演讲者对客观事物的认识过程。内容上可以记叙与抒情相结合，讴歌先进人物的感人事迹，达到鼓励先进、鞭挞落后的目的：也可以夹叙夹议，叙议结合，达到统一思想、兴利除弊的效果。根据演讲内容的不同，适当调整演讲稿的结构，使结构更好地为内容服务，从而突出演讲的主题思想。而演讲稿的结构作为整体，是演讲稿的形式范畴。但结构的构成，也有它的形式和内容。从整体看，结构是演讲材料的组织构造，是演讲者依据主旨、意图对材料进行组合、编排而成的一篇演讲稿的框架。分开看，它也有它的形式，即一篇演讲稿由哪几部分组成；也有它的内容，即哪个部分讲什么。结构的中心是回答和解决这次演讲“怎样讲”的问题，因此要写好演讲稿首先要掌握好演讲稿的结构。结构的实质是将来自各方面的分散的演讲稿构成因素（主旨、题材、材料等）组合成一个新的有机的整体，使构成因素的原有意义集中、突出出来并升华出一种新的意义和信息传播给听众。演讲稿结构的一般模式就是古希腊亚里士多德所认定的“三一律”。它由意义各不相同的三个部分即开头、正文、结尾所组成。“三一律”概括了任何演讲稿结构的形式特点。从形式上看，这三个部分各自独立，各有各的意义和作用；从内容上看，则是统一的，是同一个主题、题材和材料在不同部位的表现，要达到的是同一个目的。这里，开头处于演讲稿的重要位置，应该力求迅速引起听众的注意，力避拖沓、冗长和客套；结尾则在于使整个演讲给听众留下一个完整、清晰的概念，力求做到揭示题旨、加深认识、促人深思、耐人寻味，文字不可过长。一般说来，任何演讲稿的开头和结尾的结构方法及意义、作用都是一致的。但正文则不尽相同，至少有两种特殊模式。这里介绍的就是正文的两种特殊模式：议论式结构模式和叙述式结构模式。
具体的范文模板链接：
称谓（如，尊敬的老师们，同学们）： 正文（注意开头空两格） 署名 日期 [范例]： 尊敬的学校领导、老师、亲爱的同学们： 大家好! 我是来自高一(16)班的郭超。性格活泼开朗，处事沉着、果断，能够顾全大局。今天我很荣幸地站在这里表达自己由来已久的愿望：“我要竞选学生会主席。”我在这里郑重承诺：“我将尽全力完成学校领导和同学们交给我的任务，使学生会成为一个现代化的积极团体，成为学校的得力助手和同学们信赖的组织。” 我已经在团委会纪检部工作了近一年的段时间，从工作中，我学会了怎样为人处世、怎样学会忍耐，怎样解决一些矛盾，怎样协调好纪检部各成员之间的关系，怎样处理好纪检部与其它部门之间的关系，怎样动员一切可以团结的力量，怎样提拔和运用良才，怎样处理好学习与工作之间的矛盾。这一切证明：我有能力胜任学生会主席一职，并且有能力把学生会发扬光大。 假如我当上了学生会主席，我要进一步完善自己，提高自己各方面的素质，要进一步提高自己的工作热情，以饱满的热情和积极的心态去对待每一件事情；要进一步提高责任心，在工作中大胆创新，锐意进取，虚心地向别人学习；要进一步的广纳贤言，做到有错就改，有好的意见就接受，同时坚持自己的原则。 假如我当上了学生会主席，我要改革学生会的体制。真正的做到“优胜劣汰”，做到“日日清，周周结”，每周都对各部门的负责人进行考核，通过其部门的成员反应情况，指出他在工作中的优点和缺点，以朋友的身份与他商讨解决方案并制定出下阶段的计划。经常与他们谈心，彼此交流对生活、工作的看法，为把学生会工作做好而努力。开展主席团成员和各部长及负责人常作自我批评，自我检讨的活动，每月以书面材料形式存入档案。我还将常常找各部门的成员了解一些情况，为作出正确的策略提供可靠的保证。还要协调好各部门 之间的关系，团结一切可团结的力量，扩大学生会的影响及权威。 假如我当上了学生会主席，我将以“奉献校园，服务同学”为宗旨，真正做到为同学们服务 ，代表同学们行使合法权益，为校园的建设尽心尽力。在学生会利益前，我们坚持以学校、大多数同学的利益为重，决不以公谋私。努力把学生会打造成一个学生自己管理自己，高度自治，体现学生主人翁精神的团体。 我知道，再多灿烂的话语也只不过是一瞬间的智慧与激情，朴实的行动才是开在成功之路上的鲜花。我想，如果我当选的话，一定会言必行，行必果。 请各位评委给我一张信任的投票，给我一个施展才能的机会!� 谢谢! 【高*(**)班 ***】 2004-02-03希望能解决您的问题。
可以。毕业生在论文答辩时一般可脱稿，也可半脱稿，也可完全不脱稿。
作为将要参加论文答辩用户，必须对所著的毕业论文内容有比较深刻理解和比较全面的熟悉。这是为回答毕业论文答辩委员会成员就有关毕业论文的深度及相关知识面，而可能提出的论文答辩问题所做的准备。
所谓深刻的理解是对毕业论文有横向的把握。例如题为《创建名牌产品发展民族产业》的论文，毕业论文答辩委员会可能会问民族品牌与名牌有何关系。尽管毕业论文中未必涉及民族品牌，但参加论文答辩的学生必须对毕业论文有比较全面的熟悉和比较深刻的理解。
扩展资料：
注意事项：
1、论文标题。向答辩小组报告论文的题目，标志着答辩的正式开始。
2、简要介绍课题背景，选择此课题的原因及课题现阶段的发展情况。
3、详细描述有关课题的具体内容，其中包括答辩人所持的观点看法，研究过程，实验数据，结果。
4、重点讲述答辩人在此课题中的研究模块，承担的具体工作，解决方案、研究结果。
5、侧重创新的部分。这部分要作为重中之重，这是答辩教师比较感兴趣的地方。
6、结论，价值和展望。对研究结果进行分析，得出结论，新成果的理论价值、实用价值和经济价值，展望本课题的发展前景。
参考资料来源：百度百科-毕业论文答辩
参考资料来源：百度百科-演讲稿
文明礼仪伴我行如果你失去了今天，你不算失败，因为明天会再来，。 如果你失去了金钱，你不算失败，因为人生的价值不在钱袋。 如果你失去了文明，你是彻彻底底的失败，因为你已经失去了做人的真谛。文明礼仪是律己、敬人的一种行为规范，是表现对他人尊重和理解的过程和手段。 文明礼仪，是个人素质、教养的体现，也是个人道德和社会公德的体现，是国家的脸面。新加坡是一个通用英语的国家，这个国家的公共场所的各种标语大多是用英语书写。但其中的一些文明礼貌的标语，如“不准随地吐痰”、“禁止吸烟”、“不准进入草坪”等却用中文书写。为什么呢？人家回答：“因为有这些不文明行为的大多数是中国大陆的游客。”到新加坡考察的一位中学校长语重心长地说：“不文明行为也是国耻。” 不知大家是否记得，中央电视台曾经报道，国庆节后的天-安-门广场，随处可见口香糖残迹，40万平方米的天-安-门广场上竟有60万块口香糖残渣，有的地方不到一平方米的地面上，竟有9块口香糖污迹，密密麻麻的斑痕与天-安-门广场的神圣和庄严形成了强烈反差。文明涵盖了人与人、人与社会、人与自然之间的关系。它的主要作用，一是追求个人道德完善，一是维护公众利益、公共秩序。说到文明礼仪，我想到了一个故事。有一次，列宁同志下楼，在楼梯狭窄的过道上，正碰见一个女工端着一盆水上楼。那女工一看是列宁，就要退回去给让路。列宁阻止她说：“不必这样，你端着东西已走了半截，而我现在空手，请你先过去吧1他把“请”字说得很响亮，很亲切。然后自己紧靠着墙，让女工上楼了，他才下楼。这不也是良好文明礼仪的体现么？同学们，时代的车轮已经把我们带入了21世纪，在现代社会中，人好比原子，唯有在相互关联中才有其生存的价值。一个人，不管你是否愿意，若要取得学业或事业的成功，若要生活的愉快、幸福，就要首先学会文明礼仪，学会与任何人，包括亲朋好友、老师同学、乃至所有需要与自己交往的人友好相处，必定要学会塑造健康的人格。古人说，“不学礼，无以立”。就是说，你不学“礼”，就没法在社会中立身。“立人”的意思便是要完善人的思想和文明修养，人的文明修养并不是与生俱来的，而是靠后天不断完善的，正如鲁迅先生说：“中国欲存争于天下，其首在立人，人立而后凡事举。”要完善个人修养，首先要致力于读书求学，完善自身的认知水平；认知到达一定水平，就有了明辨是非的能力；有了分辨是非善恶的能力，就要端正自身的心态，不违背自己的良知，努力使自己的一言一行都符合道德的标准，自己的修养便得到完善。这就是古人所说的：格物、致知、诚意、正心、修身。完善个人道德修养，便有了推进社会公共文明的基矗文明其实是由细节构成的，记得一位名人曾说：德行的实现是由行为构成的，而不是由文字。无数事例表明，走向事业辉煌、开创成功人生的关键是高尚的情操。代表民族未来的我们，需要学习和继承的东西有很多很多，然而最基本的问题是：我们究竟要以什么样的精神风貌，什么样的思想品质和什么样的道德水准去接过人类文明的接力棒。南开大学校长在镜子上写了一句箴言：“面必争，发必理，衣必整，钮必结，头容正，肩容平，胸容宽，背容直，气象勿傲勿怠，颜色宜和宜静宜装。”作为一个中学生，我们必须明白自己的仪表起码必须符合学校的气氛和学生的身份，保持大方、得体的仪表，是对老师同学的一种尊重。反思我们的所作所为可见文明离我们还有一段距离。在我们身边，在一部分同学身上，还存在着一些不文明的行为。例如，在我们的校园内、楼梯上总能见到与我们美丽的校园极不和-谐的纸屑，校园内食品袋、果壳随处可见。这些怎能不教人痛心疾首呢！难道我们都是“语言的巨人，行动的矮人”么？明代大学者王守仁说“知是行的主意，行是知的功夫；知是行之始，行是知之成；知和行是一个本体、一个功夫。知而不行，只是未知。”我们接受文明礼仪的教育，自己却吝于履行、甚至反其道而行之，这跟从来没有接受社会教育有什么区别!所以我们要实践社会文明，就要从这“知行合一”上下功夫、从自己的坐言起行上下功夫，就要告别不文明的行为。 要成为一个文明的人，必须接受文明之教育，就像一块矿石，想要成为钢铁，必须投入熔炉接受烈火的冶炼。父母把我们送进学校，就是想让我们在学校这个文明的熔炉里被炼成一块纯钢。成绩的好坏并不是最要紧的，作为家长，他们期望我们能健康成长，期望我们能在老师的教导下成为一个文明的人、一个优秀的人。他们不期望我们一定要成为栋梁，但我希望我们至少是一棵绿树。无庸讳言，当今社会的不文明行我们应该辩证地看待，择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。我坚信，江后浪推前浪，如果我们每一个人管住我们的口，不说粗话、不随地吐痰；管住我们的手，不乱扔垃圾、不打架斗殴；管住我们的脚，不践踏草坪，园一定会因为我们的文明而更加美丽，社会会因我们而美好。文明礼仪是我们学习、生活的根基，是我们健康成长的臂膀。没有了文明，就没有了基本的道德底线。让我们一起学做文明人，学做社会人， 清洁环境，保护校园环境，文明礼仪之花在校园处处盛开，让文明之风吹遍校园，吹遍社会，伴随我们健康幸福的一生！
可以带，我前两天刚答完，基本上我都是照着念的（当然要用自己的话说出来） 哈哈！~~答辩都是自己的老师，我认为演讲是走形式的，所以我觉得不必担心太多了……一般答辩可带，典型答辩不能看演讲稿……
关键词是从论文的题名、提要和 正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作计算机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。 主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题分析，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。（参见《 汉语主题词表》和《世界汉语主题词表》）。论文正文（1） 引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义, 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。〈2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容：a.提出问题- 论点； b.分析问题-论据和论证；c.解决问题-论证方法与步骤；d. 结论。参考文献一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在研究和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料，列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页，标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。论文装订论文的有关部分全部抄清完了，经过检查，再没有什么问题，把它装成册，再加上封面。论文的封面要朴素大方，要写出论文的题目、学校、科系、指导教师姓名、作者姓名、完成年月日。论文的题目的作者姓名一定要写在表皮上，不要写里面的补页上。2要求编辑题名1．题名规范 题名应简明、具体、确切，能概括论文的特定内容，有助于选定关键词，符合编制题录、索引和检索的有关原则。2．命题方式 3． 撰写 英文题名的注意事项 ①英文题名以短语为主要形式，尤以名词短语最常见，即题名基本上由一个或几个名词加上其前置和（或）后置定语构成；短语型题名要确定好中心词，再进行前后修饰。各个词的顺序很重要，词序不当，会导致表达不准。②一般不要用陈述句，因为题名主要起标示作用，而陈述句容易使题名具有判断式的语义，且不够精炼和醒目。少数情况（评述性、综述性和驳斥性）下可以用疑问句做题名，因为疑问句有探讨性语气，易引起读者兴趣。③同一篇论文的英文题名与中文题名内容上应一致，但不等于说词语要一一对应。在许多情况下，个别非实质性的词可以省略或变动。④国外科技期刊一般对题名字数有所限制，有的规定题名不超过2行，每行不超过42个印刷符号和空格；有的要求题名不超过14个词。这些规定可供我们参考 。 ⑤在论文的英文题名中。凡可用可不用的冠词均不用。作者1．作者署名的规范作者署名置于题名下方，团体作者的执笔人，也可标注于篇首页地脚位置。有时，作者姓名亦可标注于正文末尾。示例：王军1，张红2，刘力1（1．××师范大学物理系，北京 100875 2．××教育学院物理系，北京100011）翻译作者及其单位名称的注意 [事项 ①]翻译单位名称不要采取缩写，要由小到大写全，并附地址和邮政编码，确保联系方便。 ②翻译单位名称要采用该单位统一的译法。③作者姓名按汉语拼音拼写，采用姓前名后，中间为空格，姓氏的全部字母均大字，复姓连写；名字的首字母大字，双名中间加连字符，姓氏与名均不缩写。例如： LI Hua（李华），ZHANG Xi-he（张锡和），ZHUGE Ying（诸葛颖）关键词1．关键词规范 关键词是反映论文主题概念的词或词组，通常以与正文不同的字体字号编排在摘要下方。一般每篇可选3~8个，多个关键词之间用分号分隔，按词条的外延（概念范围）层次从大到小排列。关键词一般是名词性的词或词组，个别情况下也有动词性的词或词组。应标注与中文关键词对应的英文关键词。编排上中文在前，外文在后。中文关键词前以“关键词：”或“[关键词]”作为标识；英文关键词前以“Key words：”作为标识。 关键词应尽量从国家标准《汉语主题词表》中选用；未被词表收录的新学科、新技术中的重要术语和地区、人物、文献等名称，也可作为关键词标注。关键词应采用能覆盖论文主要内容的通用技术词条。2．选择关键词的方法 关键词的一般选择方法是：由作者在完成论文写作后，从其题名、层次标题和正文（出现频率较高且比较关键的词）中选出来。正文1．正文规范 为了做到层次分明、脉络清晰，常常将正文部分分成几个大的段落。这些段落即所谓逻辑段，一个逻辑段可包含几个小逻辑段，一个小逻辑段可包含一个或几个自然段，使正文形成若干层次。论文的层次不宜过多，一般不超过五级。 1．参考文献的规范及其作用 为了反映文章的科学依据、作者尊重他人研究成果的严肃态度以及向读者提供有关信息的出处，正文之后一般应列出参考文献表。引文应以原始文献和第一手资料为原则。所有引用别人的观点或文字，无论曾否发表，无论是纸质或电子版，都必须注明出处或加以注释。凡转引文献资料，应如实说明。对已有学术成果的介绍、评论、引用和注释，应力求客观、公允、准确。伪注、伪造、篡改文献和数据等，均属学术不端行为。致谢一项科研成果或技术创新，往往不是独自一人可以完成的，还需要各方面的人力，财力，物力的支持和帮助。因此，在许多论文的末尾都列有"致谢"。主要对论文完成期间得到的帮助表示感谢，这是学术界谦逊和有礼貌的一种表现。
英语专业毕业论文答开场白
早上好。
尊敬的教授和老师们，女士们，先生们，谢谢您参加口头答辩。
我是XX。首先，我要对我的上司教授的聪明的指导，宝贵的指导和对我的论文的评价表示由衷的感谢。在他的宝贵帮助下，我终于完成了本论文。
我的主题是“历史转折处的悲剧人物”。全文共分六个部分。第一部分将简要介绍Kong和Rip的消极，逃避和保守态度，以及该主题在现实社会中的意义。第二部分将分析这些人物的背景，以显示悲剧的历史必要性。第三部分将进一步探讨悲剧英雄根据其生存环境所遭受的性格败坏，第四部分则是探讨他们在社会中的性格倾向和行为倾向。然后，作者将在第五部分中深入探讨悲剧的根本原因，
谢谢!
英语专业毕业论文答辩开场白
中英文思维和表达方式大不相同。英语是一种静态语言，倾向于使用更多的名词。汉语是动态的，经常使用动词。因此，当我们将英语翻译成中文时，我们应该知道这一点并改变词性。接下来，这是我的论文提纲。在本文的主要部分，我将其分为五个部分。
第一部分介绍语音和转换部分的基本概念。
第二部分讨论了翻译的定义，强调了词性转换在翻译过程中的重要性。
第三部分通过说明性例子给出了四种转换词性的基本方法。英语单词被转换成中文动词，名词，形容词和副词。
第四部分介绍了有关转换的一些问题，并提出了解决这些问题的建议。
第五部分得出一些结论，即语音部分之间的转换对于我们实现良好的翻译是必要的。事实证明，我们可以很好地掌握转换并改进翻译。此外，我们必须不断学习和探索各种翻译实践。
以上就是环球青藤小编关于英语本科毕业论文答辩开场白的相关分享，希望对各位小伙伴们有所帮助，想要了解更多毕业论文相关的内容，欢迎大家关注本平台。
英语论文答辩开场白（精选7篇）
在现在社会，许多人对开场白的掌握需求逐渐增多，开场白应该达到明确您的'意图，使目标愿意和您交流，允许您提出问题的目的。那么，开场白一般是怎么写的呢？以下是我帮大家整理的英语论文答辩开场白，欢迎大家分享。
Good morning,
Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) :
I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.
My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic’s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures’ background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes’ failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
Thank you!
Good morning, all appraiser committee members. I am xxxx and my supervisor is xxx. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is On Transformation of Parts of Speech in Translation. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. Each language has its own special structure. And there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. In order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. So the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in English to Chinese based on different characteristics of English and Chinese. For the above facts, I select the subject of“On Transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in English to Chinese translation. Through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation skills.
The way of thinking and expressing is quite different between Chinese and English. English is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. While Chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often used.
So when we make translation in English to Chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of speech.
Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.
Part one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and transformation.
Part two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of translation.
Part three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. There are transformed English words into Chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs.
Part four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the problems.
Part five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. It is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. In addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation practices.
OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.
Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. I am xxx and my supervisor is . With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole years hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style
in A Rose for Emily from a Feminist Perspective. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times . Last but not the least ,as a female , I am keen on the study of feminism. For the above facts, I select the subject of A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style in A Rose for Emily from a Feminist Perspective as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.
Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .
This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and A Rose for Emily by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel,that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.
Ok, thats all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !!!
Good morning, appraises committee members and schoolmates. I come from class 08951, and I am Yu Lianfei.
Today, the title of my paper is On the Network Novels. In recent years, the network literature is developing rapidly. Network novel is one of the fast of them. In the middle schools, high schools and even universities, there is no lack of network novels addicts. For the above facts, I select the subject of “on the network novels” as the title of my paper.
Then, I will show it to you. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into four parts, as the concept of network novels, the classification of their authors, the development of network novels and the prospects of that.
The first part, the definition. Its concept can be divided into the generalized and the narrow. And it can also be divided into boys’ and girls’ in another way.
The second part, the classification of their authors. Generally speaking, there are four kinds of authors. The first kind is some people who have favor of literature, they are writing but not for fame. Then, there is some one has favor for literature and also be for fame. The third kind is some people who have explicit goals at the beginning of his writing. And the last kind are some people who just want to express their view, their viewpoint and their feeling with no desire of being published. They take up the most of the authors.
The third part, the development. The network novels’ development can not separate form the development of the net and the literature websites. Its developing process may be divided into three stages approximately. The first stage is from 1996 to 2000. This times literary work often did not strive for (were also not aware of) the fame and fortune, and moreover received the control of tradition. The second stage is beginning of 21st century, mainly contains 2001 and 2002. In this period, the whole network presented the situation of “chaos”. The third stage is from May, 2003 and continues until now. In this period, many schools come into the world, and when a school became a hit there must be many people mimic it.
The last part, the forecast. Looking from the internal strength pattern, the outstanding writers in our country mainly hold one kind of critique and the pessimistic manner to the network novels at present. If each big literature website enlarges their own supervision, the vulgar works, the pornography and bad works like those things, meanwhile hanker for new person’s new article as well as depth ones, the network novels can be accepted by more people.
Not a low-level novel but a kind of enjoyment.
Good morning.
Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.)
I am XXX. Firstly, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor XXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis. My topic is XXXXXXXXX.
The whole thesis consists of --- parts.
The first part will give a brief introduction of ------. And the second part is going to analyze ----------.
In the third part, ---------will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about --------. Then the author will dig into the root causes of ------- in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal --------of ---------in the last part. Thank you!
Good afternoon, all appraiser committee am xsj and my supervisor is zy. With his sincere and intellectual guidance, I have finished my is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is Heavenly War and Earthly Conflict, an Insight into John Miltons Paradise Lost. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this story as one of texts in British and American literature Selections. Last but not least, I am keen on the study of human nature and the profound significance and instructions for us from John Milton. For the above facts, I select the Heavenly war and earthly conflict an insight into John Miltons Paradise Lost as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this great poem we can know more about this Literature masterpiece,and I also want to show my own understanding about it.
Next, here is an outline of my presentation and I devide my paper into four parts. Part one presents an introduction of John Milton and Paradise Lost. Part two introduces the main contents of the book of Paradise Lost. Part three gives my own analysis of major characters in Paradise Lost. Part four draws some conclusions by my careful reading and thinking.
OK, that is all. Thank you. Now you may raise your questions. I am ready.
Good morning.
all appraiser committee members. I am xxxx and my supervisor is xxx. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
英语毕业论文答辩稿范文（精选8篇）
一段忙碌又充实的大学生活要即将结束，我们毕业前都要通过最后的`毕业论文，毕业论文是一种比较重要的检验学生学习成果的形式，快来参考毕业论文是怎么写的吧！下面是我帮大家整理的英语毕业论文答辩稿范文，希望对大家有所帮助。
Good morning, all appraises committee members. I am XXX and my supervisor is XXX.
With his constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper.
Now it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is Comparative Study between English and Chinese idioms.
With the developing globalization, communication demand precise language.
Idioms are not a separate part of the language, we cannot omit. Studying the similarities and differences between English and Chinese idioms would be helpful to cross-cultural understanding and it’s also a good advance to our future if we can learn well.
For the above facts, I select the subject of “comparative study between English and Chinese idioms” as the title of my paper.
In the main part of this paper, I divide it four parts.
Part one presents general introduction to the basic concept and the studying purpose.
Part two presents overview of the Chinese and English idioms; it concludes similar origins and similar functions. Part three emphasize differences between English and Chinese idioms.
Through contrast analysis of well-known Chinese and English language, found the differences cultural discrepancy and the translation of animal words. Part four draws some conclusions that characteristics of English and Chinese idioms. And it is helpful to cross-culture .It’s necessary for a better understanding of international promotional communication. OK, that’s all. Thank you.
Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense.
I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
Good afternoon, all appraiser committee members. I’m Zhang Da and my supervisor is Professor Zhang Jingcai. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. First of all, I really want to be a teacher, so during the four years, I have read many books about how to become a good teacher. Secondly, when I was a freshman in the summer of 2008, I was chosen as a teaching assistant of the summer camp which was organized by the New Oriental English School in Shijiazhuang. In the summer camp, I rewrote a script of an English drama to be one of the programs of the open ceremony. It was very popular among those students. They thought it was very interesting. In 2010, I was practiced as an English teacher at Chenguantun Middle School in Qinhuangdao, I found that the students have little interest towards English learning, so I hoped I could help them. So I use the Drama Method as my teaching method. Almost all of the students were highly motivated by the interesting teaching method and they have made great progress in the exam one month later. So the research proved that the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. For the above facts, I select the subject of On the Significance of Drama Method in the Improvement of English Learning in Chinese Rural Junior High School as the title of my paper. I hope by studying this topic we can find an effective teaching method to help all the students’ English learning in junior high school.
Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.
Part one presents an introduction to identify the major problem of junior high school students’ English learning problems
Part two overviews all relevant researches in drama application in teaching oral English.
Part three is the research design, the research hypothesis, the subjects of the research, the research methods and the research procedures are conducted.
Part four is the findings from research data. After analyzing the data with Excel 2007, pedagogical findings and implications are delivered before the conclusion of the thesis.
Part five draws some conclusions about the research. As what has been shown in the research, there are a lot of benefits from drama performance; the Drama Method can be used as an effective teaching method. In addition, there are some suggestions for forthcoming researches.
OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.
Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style
in from a Feminist Perspective. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times . Last but not the least ,as a female , I am keen on the study of feminism. For the above facts, I select the subject of as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.
Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .
This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel，that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.
Ok, that's all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !!!
I will present my efforts to you and welcome any title of my paper is on transformation of parts of speech in translation. i choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. each language has its own special structure. and there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. in order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. so the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in english to chinese based on different characteristics of english and chinese. for the above facts, i select the subject of“on transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in english to chinese translation. through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation way of thinking and expressing is quite different between chinese and english. english is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. while chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often when we make translation in english to chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of , it is an outline of my paper. in the main part of this paper, i divide it into five one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. there are transformed english words into chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. it is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. in addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation ! that is all. thank you!
Good morning,Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. （或Welcome to attend the oral defense.） :I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points（Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van ）The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
stant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it's show time. You and I will work hard to welcome any topic of my thesis is 《Angela carter to mythology research - the female archetype in “new eve passion”, for example》。 I choose this as my topic due to the following Carter （1940-1992） is an outstanding feminist writer whose influence on Britishwomen's writing was “pivotal in this opening and transformation” [“23]. The year 2014 represents the 22”^ anniversary of Angela Carter's death. In those twenty-two years, her works have been widely taught internationally and brought about much critical debate. In a survey conducted by Cristina Bacchilega and Danielle M. Roemer [2],Carter is one of the most commonly taught women writers on North American programs. She has endowed us with an amazingly large number of legacies in her comparatively limited life, setting foot in various fields such as novels,short stories,children stories, dramas, non-fictions and so on. The acute observations with great insights,as well as the devastating wit and poignant mockery in Carter's works have made her stand out as an iconic figure in English literature. Many scholars and critics have devoted themselves to the research on Angela Carter from many perspectives,including gothic, magic realism, feminism,post-modernism and so on. As a prolific writer who is always ready to blur the boundaries between different genres, Carter has left us a wonderful world to delve the emergence of western women's movement as well as the development of feminist criticism in the 1960s,the feminist approach has become a potent weapon for those who are concerned with the emancipation and legal rights of women. Though women's social status has considerably improved due to the contribution made by countless predecessors,the fundamental problem still lingers on. Carter, with her versatile and avant-garde reputation, is best known as a feminist writer. Concerning the dilemmas and predicaments faced by women nowadays,it is very necessary for us to probe into her insightful and penetrating reflections on femininity as well as the relationship between two genders. The Passion of New Eve, as one of Carter's most representative works, is of great value in the research of her feminist thoughts and , is my paper outline. In the main part of this article, I put it into five one is an introduction to the thesis, covering the research background, theobjective and significance as well as the organization of the two presents a broad picture of Angela Carter's life and her works, as well as the background information about The Passion of New Eve. It also reviews previous studies on Angela Carter and her works at home and abroad, summarizing achievements in the past and pointing out new directions in the three conducts a retrospective study on feminism and archetypal criticism. The author attempts to work out the origin and development of feminism, demonstrating the important role feminism plays in Carter's life. Then is the history of archetypal criticism,as well as those classic female archetypes in mythology. Regarding those fossilized and monotonous images as impediments to women's freedom and liberation,Carter endeavors to shatter them in her demythologizing strategy and appeals for a rational attitude toward heterosexual four is the main body of the thesis. Through an in-depth analysis on The Passion of New Eve,it demonstrates Carter's demythologizing of “The Temptress,,,”Mother Goddess“and ”Eve“ respectively in the text. Leilah,the embodiment of Delilah,the famous temptress in the Bible,cannot escape the fate of being objectified by men and herself. By exposing”temptresses“ as mere victims rather than symbols of viciousness. Carter condemns the oppression and exploitation of women in a patriarchal society. ”Mother“ in Beulah serves as a severe satire on those mother goddesses in mythology. Carter smashes the legend by revealing the surgically-made essence of mother and the patriarchal values lurking behind her alleged matriarchal kingdom, warning against the peril and impracticality of extremist her most convincing example goes to Eve, the most important female character in the Bible, Her transformative journey from a chauvinist to a real woman in the story illustrates that gender, rather than a hereditary feature, is the result of social influence and unremitting imitations. Carter concludes the story with proposing ”androgyny“ as a solution to the current problems,implying that mutual respect and understanding is the only way to achieve the harmony between the two five comes to a general conclusion, summarizing the limitations of the theses as well as some suggestions for further ! That is all. Thank you!
Good morning, distinguished professors and teachers, thank you for attending the oral defense. I’m *** and come from class *. My supervisor is professor Li. I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Prof. his consistent guidance and valuable suggestions, I have finished my paper. Now I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any suggestion.
Firstly, I am very interested in the study of ambiguity. Ambiguity is a common phenomenon in all natural languages. As is known to all, in our daily conversations, ambiguity is often employed to achieve the effect of humor, thus creating a relaxing atmosphere and letting people feel at ease. Some jokes caused by ambiguity is very interesting.
Secondly, I have read several articles about ambiguity written by linguistics and scholars. I found my knowledge of ambiguity is very limited, superficial and nonsystematic. What I knew is just the tip of the iceberg. So I plan to learn more about ambiguity by this research.
Thirdly, I found many scholars have carried out numerous studies of ambiguity, but a majority of these studies are focused on single language separately. Articles about comparison between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity are not sufficient. So it is necessary to make further study.
For the above facts, I select this title.
Next, I will present the outline of my thesis. It consists of 7 parts.
The first part gives a brief introduction to the ambiguity and structure of the thesis.
The second part is literature review, briefly introducing the development of study of ambiguity and some scholars’s main views.
The third to fifth parts focus on three types of ambiguity in English and Chinese: phonological ambiguity, lexical ambiguity, syntactic ambiguity. In every broad type, I respectively list some detailed branches and cite some vivid English and Chinese examples to explain these ambiguity phenomena. But I put more focus on the third part and point out two differences of ambiguity between English ambiguity and Chinese ambiguity.
The part six will point out positive results by using ambiguity deliberately in daily conversations, advertisements and literary works.
The last part is the conclusion.
I hope by this contrastive research, we will have a better understanding of ambiguity in English and Chinese and apply it to our life and study.
When reading the final draft, I still find my argument is not so comprehensive and improvements are needed. So welcome your precious suggestion.
That’s all. Thank you.
Every season has its beautiful views in south china. For me, I love spring.
Firstly, spring can make lives alive. spring is beautiful and green, the leaves turn to be green suddenly and the rain will visit my hometown from time to time. Grass extend his head out of the ground, the willow sends out green bud, the river burst into song. In spring, The sky is very blue, the cloud is white, and the air is fresh. The Spring is evident everywhere. Spring make me feel happy. In spring, the weather is always sunny and warm, usually I go travelling, sometimes I go hiking and climb mountains, I like spring .
secondly, the spring is a start for the whole year. People always make some conclusion of the last year and plan their goals for the coming year in the spring and start to try hard for them.
每个季节都有它美丽的观点在中国南方。对我来说,我爱春天。
首先,春天可以使生活活着。春天是美丽的和绿色的,绿色的叶子变雨突然将访问我的家乡的时候。草扩展他的头从地上,柳树发出绿芽,放声歌唱。在春天,天空很蓝,云是白的,空气是新鲜的。春天到处都是显而易见的。春天让我感到快乐。在春天,天气总是阳光明媚,天气温暖,我通常去旅游,有时我去远足和爬山,我喜欢春天。
其次,春天是开始全年。人们总是做去年的一些结论,计划他们的目标对来年的春天,开始努力。
We students are the builders and masters of the country. It is important for us to know how to be a good student .As far as I think, there are many important traits, the traits like this:
Nowadays，Some students may have wrong ideas of what a good student is. they think a good student should study all the subjects well and listen to the teachers all the time, but actually these ones don't care about anything except study.
Firstly, we must have clear world values. We must knows what we should do and what we shouldn't do.
Secondly, a good students should learn as much as possible. So a good student always tries to learn from both text-books and other books. Besides reading, doing some sports and manual works. however, we can’t always study alone, sometimes you need a discussion, don’t forget to work hard with your friends, it will be great help to you.
Thirdly, a strong character and will-power are also need. Because we have troubles every day. How to face the difficulties in study and our lives is very important. A good student won't be afraid of difficulties, we'll always try our best, we will never give up.
In short, let us try our best to become a good student!
我们学生是这个国家的建设者和大师。对我们来说是很重要的知道如何成为一个好学生。我认为,有许多重要的特征,特征是这样的:
如今,一些学生可能有错误的想法什么是一个好学生。他们认为一个好学生应该学好所有的科目,听老师的,但实际上这些人不关心除了学习。
首先,我们必须有明确的世界价值观。我们必须知道我们应该做什么,我们不应该做什么。
其次,一个好的学生应该学习尽可能多。所以一个好学生总是试图从教科书和其他书籍。除了阅读,做一些运动和手工作品。然而,我们不能总是独自学习,有时候你需要一个讨论,不要忘记努力工作和你的朋友,这将是很大的帮助。
第三,一个坚强的性格和意志力也是需要的。因为我们每天都麻烦。如何面对困难的学习和我们的生活是非常重要的。一个好学生不会害怕困难,我们总是会尽最大努力,我们永远不会放弃。
简而言之,让我们尽力成为一个好学生!
英文演讲稿（中英文对照版）
下面是我为大家收集整理的一些英文演讲稿，希望对大家有所帮助!
No One Can Be Perfect
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. Today I want to tell you a story about one of my friends, a lovely and smart girl who is always ready to help others. Being our grade leader, she is good at both work and study. In many people's opinion, she is excellent and perfect. But one day she told me she was gloomy and insecure. People around her considered her outstanding and flawless, thinking she could handle everything. But the more she thought about herself, the more disappointed she became. She found that she was far from perfection. Last week, she didn’t do well in her French quiz, and the day before yesterday, she was late for a conference. She felt depressed and frustrated, because she failed to be a perfect girl without any mistakes.
I was surprised to hear that for I thought she had every reason to be confident. However, the expectation of perfection has become a burden to her. I told her no one could be perfect and I suggested she find her own position.
In fact, people are so eager to be perfect that they demand too much of themselves. They want to be special and unique, and they want to have no defects or weaknesses. However, we can never avoid mistakes and errors. It’s impossible for us to be a superman or a superwoman. No matter how successful we are, there are always some flaws. If we hold that everything should be perfect, we would be overcritical.
My friend now has changed her attitude. She accepts her shortcomings but still keeps a positive outlook. She is even more active and doesn’t allow the mistakes to hinder her pursuit of excellence. And I think that’s the way we should be!That’s all. Thank you!
没有人可以完美无缺
女士们、先生们，大家早上好!今天我想给大家讲一个我朋友的故事。她是一个聪明可爱、乐于助人的女孩。作为我们的年级长，她无论工作还是学习都很出色。在很多人眼里，她是如此优秀，近乎完美了。但有一天她却告诉我，她很迷惘和自卑：周围的人都认为她很优秀，完美无缺，可以对付任何事情;而她想得越多对自己就越是失望。她发觉自己远不够完美。上周她的法语测验考得不理想;前天，一个会议她又迟到了：很多事情做的不尽完美，这让她很是灰心丧气。
听到这些的时候我很惊讶，我原以为她有充分的理由对自己充满信心。然而，对完美的期望却变成了她的负担。我告诉她，没有人可以完美无缺的，她应该找到自己真正的位置。
实际上，人们有时过于追求完美而且期望的太多了。我们想要特别，想要独一无二;又想要没有缺点没有弱点。可是，人是无法避免错误的,有谁能成为超人呢?无论你多么成功，总是有一些事情不够完美。如果我们坚持要完美无缺，那只能是一种求全责备。
我的朋友现在已经改变了她的态度。她承认自己的不完美，但是保持着乐观的心态。她没有停止追求，反而变得更为积极。我想这正是我们应该有的态度。
What College Education Means to Me
The title of my speech is “What college education means to me”.Now reflecting on the past two and half years of my college experience, I come to realize how much it has shaped me.
For me, college education is a marvelous ship-builder who designed me from kneel plates up.
With great vision, college education has equipped me, first with a powerful propeller----the sophisticated knowledge in certain field and wide exposure to other disciplines. By dedicating myself to the engineering courses in the day and immersing myself in the rich banquet of the world literature at night, I’ve amassed the driving force for the future and enriched my soul.
Besides, college education has also provided me with a precise compass----the sense of social responsibility. How can I best serve the interest of the public while achieving my self-fulfillment? My one year’s experience as a part-time English teacher has testified: to be valuable to society as well as to find my place, I have to possess some actual strength and the ability to function well in the most challenging situation. Amid the hectic schedule that balances club activities, sports, and academic courses, I feel the rhythm and beauty in the intensity of my high-pitched life, knowing that I ’m on the right way.
And more importantly, college education has set up not only single ships, but also fleets with common destinations. By interacting with friends of common beliefs, I’ve acquired skills of relating to other people.
Now ,as a ship about to make my maiden voyage ,I’m still not in the position to tell what’s waiting ahead of me ,but with a powerful propeller, a precise compass and ardent companions of sailing in the sea of society, I’m ready to be a great sea-explorer.
Thank you.
大学教育对我的意义
今天我演讲的题目是“大学教育对我的意义”。回顾思索着逝去的两年半的大学生活，我渐渐认识到大学教育对我产生的巨大影响。
对我来说，大学教育犹如一位技艺精湛的造船师，从船头至船尾地塑造了我。
首先，具有远见卓识的大学教育为我装配了一只马力强劲的推进器;精深的专业知识及广博的课外知识给我带来无限动力。白天我全神贯注地研习自己的工科课程，晚上则尽情享受世界文学所带来的盛宴，在此过程中，我既为未来积聚了力量，又充实了自己的灵魂。
此外，大学教育还为我提供了一个精确的罗盘，即社会责任感。“如何才能在实现自我价值的同时最大限度地服务于社会?”我一年的兼职英语教师的经历证明：只有拥有过硬的实力和对高挑战性局面应付自如的能力，我才能成为一个对社会有价值的人，一个找到自己位置的人。在协调着社团活动、体育运动和专业课程的忙碌日程中，我感受到了高节奏、高密度生活的韵律与美丽。
更为重要的是，大学教育不仅仅制造了一只只单个的船只，他还组建了一支支驶向同一目的地的大舰队。在与志趣相投的朋友们的相处、融合中，我锻炼了与人交往的能力。
现在我即将作为一只巨轮开始我的首航，尽管前方的情况还无法预料，我却有充足的信心作一名出色的海洋探索者，因为我有强劲的推进器、 精确的罗盘，还有一帮与我同行 、一起驶向社会之洋的热心朋友!
Never Give Up
“If I could reach higher, just for one moment to touch the sky…”---this is from my favorite song Reach.
When we are appreciating the passionate melody of Gloria Estefan, we could hardly imagine that she could return to the stage after her paralysis. In the year 1990, this Cuban singer was knocked down in a traffic accident, and the doctor declared that she might never walk again. But Gloria did not give up and kept up constant exercising. Just one year after the disaster, she stood up again and presented this encouraging song at the Atlanta Olympics.
Whenever I think of Gloria, I can’t help recalling my memory seven years ago, when I first entered university. Naturally shy, ordinary looking, average scores in study, just like an ugly duckling, I seemed to be the least outstanding one in my class. And the successive failures in the beginning led me into despair. “Am I destined to take the back seat to others?” Unwilling to submit to the fate, I paid more efforts on my study as well as many other activities, film dubbing, recital, drama… cause I just want to catch every little opportunity to prove myself. Constant effort yields sure success. Thanks to the competition, I received some awards and most of all, I gained the courage and confidence to face any difficulties in my life journey.
Life is just like farming, and what you can reap depends a lot on your sowing and dedication. Once you have a dream, don’t be hesitant. Your next difficult step may be the one to the top. Keep going forward, even in the toughest time, and never give up.
永不放弃
“如果我能到达更高的地方，哪怕只有碰触天空的一刹那…”---选自我所喜爱的歌曲《到达》。
当我们在欣赏葛罗莉亚·伊斯特芬那充满激情的旋律，我们很难想象她能从瘫痪中回到舞台。1990年这个古巴歌手遭遇车祸，医生说她可能再也没办法走路了。可是葛罗莉亚并没有放弃希望，坚持做恢复训练。在灾难后仅仅一年，她又站起来了，并且在亚特兰大奥运会上唱响了这首鼓舞人心的歌曲。
每当我想起葛罗莉亚的时候，我禁不住回忆起七年前我刚进入大学的时候。天性害羞，相貌平平，成绩一般，就像一只丑小鸭，我是班上最不起眼的一个。而且在刚开学时一连串的失败让我陷入绝望。“难道我注定要给别人当配角吗?” 不愿意向这个命运屈服，我更加努力的学习并且参加许多其他的活动，电影配音、朗诵、戏剧…因为我想抓住任何一个微小的机会来证实我自己。不懈的努力终会带来成功。我从竞赛中获得了一些奖励，最重要的`是，我从中得到了面对人生一切困难的勇气和决心。
生活就像是耕耘，一份耕耘一份收获。一旦你有了梦想，不要犹豫。你艰难的下一步也许就是通往成功的阶梯。即使在最困难的时候也要勇往直前，决不放弃。
I can hadle it
I can never forget the summer in 1996. I went through an extremity of despair due to my failure in the National College Entrance Examination. It seemed that my dream of being a university student would never come true. One evening my father came and told me the story of Steven Callahan, who was crossing the Atlantic alone in his sailboat when it struck something and sank. It was a miracle that he survived and was found 76 days later(the longest anyone has survived a shipwreck on a life raft alone). Later in his narrative he wrote these sentences “I tell myself I can handle it .Compared to what others have been through I’m fortunate”.
Hearing these sentences I felt something important struck me. I belived my life would mot be that bad and it was proved to be true. Later during my study in the university I always told myself “I can handle it” when my own goals seemed far off or when my problems seemed too overwhelming and every time I said it ,I always came back to my senses.
Now I work as an English teacher in a middle school. Whenever my students complain about their difficulties in study or want to give up, I will tell the same story of Callahan to them. I just want to make them believe they can handle their difficulties because their circumstances are only bad compared to something better. But others have been through much worse. Then they will build up fortitude.
So here, coming to us from the extreme edge of survival, are words that can give us strength. Whatever you’re going through, tell yourself you can handle it. Compared to what others have been through, you’re fortunate. Tell this to yourself over and over, and it will help you get through the rough spots with little more fortitude.
我能挺过去的
我永生难忘1996年的夏天。由于我在高考中的失利，我感到了极度的失望，我要成为一名大学生的梦想似乎是无法实现了。一天傍晚，我的父亲来给我讲了一个关于史蒂文·卡拉汉的故事，史蒂文独自驾驶着帆船横渡大西洋，途中船遇难下沉，但是他却活了下来并在76天后被人发现。(他是世界上遇海滩在救生艇中存活最长时间的人了)。后来卡拉汉在他的叙述中写到“我告诉自己一定可以挺过去的，跟别人的遭遇相比，我已经算是幸运的了”。
听了这些话，我被深深地震撼了，我相信我的生活不会太差而事实也证明了这一点，后来我得到了进入大学学习的机会，在大学学习期间，当我觉得自己的目标似乎遥不可及或者我遇到了似乎无法解决的问题时，我就勉励自己说“我能挺过去的”而每每念及这句话，我总能有所醒悟。
现在我在一所中学教英语，每当学生们报怨学习的困难或是想放弃时，我就给他们讲卡拉汉的故事，我就是想让他们相信他们可以从困难中挺过去的，因为困境都是相对而言的，有些人比我们更不幸，然后他们就会在自己心中建立起永不放弃的信念。
从这个大难不死的故事中，我们学到了能给予我们勇气与力量的话语，无论你遭遇了什么，都要对你自己说：一定能挺过去的。与其他人的不幸相比，你已经算是很幸运了，要一遍一遍地用此话鼓励自己，这个信念会使你更有信心渡过难关。
Everybody is good!Today I will be the theme of the speech is "do not forget national humiliation, the revitalization of the Chinese".The Yellow River Yangtze river pentium thousands of miles, that is China! Has a long history in the ancient text, tang poetry from generation to generation, that is China! The beauty of the plateau, the vast basin of xinjiang, that is China!I ahead in China, I watched an eagle with wings, I watched the shining star! This is my mother, , I think, the prosperity of the motherland, and from whatever tribulations after vicissitudes of life to come out of...The nanjing massacre, the earth's body, our heart is in pain; The ruins of yuanmingyuan, clouds of fire, our tears in the flow. But our country did not sink, brawny arms into cradle, and raise the roll up with generous hand Chinese alpine silk; With hard work, moistens the earth. MAO zedong, a generation of leaders to support the nation's flesh and blood; Deng xiaoping, guide disaster country moves towards magnificently. Qian xuesen, the power of the development of science; He, the hope of education motherland growing, growing. Color of skin of the motherland to me, give me wisdom and courage of the motherland, with the wave of reform, and break through the old beam, a new powerful sunrise! Oriental giant, he stood up!When I see the motherland's noble and lofty, after I see China's flourishing and prosperity, when I see the neon lights flashing, day and night can is if the Milky Way...Look like a swift horse hardships of transcendence, day and night! Fireworks cangmang, thousand sails to compete sends, to win the motherland; Peaks prance, Mercedes, plain river always motherland. We will proud to shout out: "the great motherland, I love you!"This is a used new country; This is a devoted the motherland; This is an increasingly powerful motherland! "An inch of educational figure of patriotism, two lines of clear tears for festive".Fly, my motherland!My speech to this end, thank you!大家好!今天我要演讲的主题是《勿忘国耻，振兴中华》。黄河长江奔腾万里，那是中国!古老文字源远流长，唐诗宋词代代相传，那是中国!青藏美丽的高原，新疆辽阔的盆地，那是中国!我遥望神州大地，我遥望展翅雄鹰，我遥望那一颗闪耀的红星!这就是我的母亲——中国。但，我想，那个繁荣昌盛的祖国，也是从重重磨难中历经沧桑走出来的……南京大屠杀，遍地的尸体，我们的心在痛;圆明园的废墟上，团团烈火，我们的泪在流。但我们的祖国没有沉没，把粗壮的臂膀变成摇篮，抚养着炎黄子孙用宽厚的手掌挽起高山秀水;用辛勤的汗水滋润着大地。毛泽东，一代领袖支撑着民族的血肉;邓小平，指引多灾的祖国走向辉煌。钱学森，科学发展的动力;季羡林，教育发展的希望。祖国日渐强大，日渐辉煌。给我肤色的祖国，给我智慧与胆略的祖国，有改革的浪潮迭起，冲破旧的束搏，迎来新世纪磅礴的日出!东方巨人，他，站起来了!待我看祖国的崇高与巍峨，待我看祖国的繁荣与富强，待我看那霓虹灯日夜闪烁，灿若银河……千里马般日夜兼程的超越，看啊!烟花苍茫，千帆竞发，百舸争流的祖国;群峰腾跃，平原奔驰，长河扬鞭的祖国。我们要自豪地喊出:“伟大的祖国，我爱你!”这是个除旧迎新的祖国;这是个前赴后继的祖国;这是个日渐强大的祖国!“一寸丹心图报国，两行清泪为思亲”。飞翔吧，我的祖国!我的演讲到此结束，谢谢大家!
英文的演讲稿篇一 ：英文论文演讲稿
1、hello everyone！
today i will introduce you a paper, which is called “effects of corporate governance on capital structure: empirical evidence from pakistan “
2、i will use the following four parts to introduce
3、i got this paper from the emerald reprints the world’s leading publisher of management research and the type of the paper is research paper
纳迪姆阿麦的sheke
4、then we can have a simple knowledge of the two authors:nadeem ahmed sheikh and 王宗军 one is a doctoral degree candidate in the school of management, hua zhong university of science and technology, wuhan .the other is a professor in this college
5. about the paper’s outline
firstly the aim of this empirical study is to investigate whether corporate governance attributes affect capital structure choices of pakistani firms
then the design of the paper is multiple regression analysis
6、in order to have a good knowledge of the paper we can from the following three aspects to
the attributes of the corporate governance are background also includes ：measures of corporate governance and their relation to capital structure
8、research design
firstly methodology：it includes three aspects: data variables and methodology date: this study investigates the significant corporate governance attributes that may affect the capital structure of non-financial firms listed on the karachi stock exchange pakistan during 2004-2008. and the final sample set consists of 775 observations for 155 firms over a period of five years.
this study employed panel data methodology(面板数据方式) because sample contained data across firms and over time
9、this table is the definition of variables. it includes three parts:
10. dependent variables consist of total debt ratio and long-term debt ratio. this is a basic formula.
12、this table is the yearly mean value of shareholding pattern
13、here are some of regression analysis tables, through the multiple regression analysis the paper gives the conclusions
14、the results is as follows:
capital structure is positively related to board size、outside directors and ownership concentration. that is to say: a large board serve as a means to obtain support from external environment;
boards with more independent directors can take on more debt on favorable terms due to effective monitoring ;
block holders have more ability than dispersed shareholders to force management to take those actions that maximize the shareholder wealth.
15、on the other hand, capital structure is negative related to managerial ownership、director remuneration 、profitability and liquidity.
16、in the end, i have a summary:
the results of the paper indicate that corporate governance attributes, in part, explicate the financing behavior of pakistani firms
and, the empirical results of this study provide support to corporate managers in establishing an optimal capital structure, and to regulatory authorities for enacting laws and developing institutional support to make corporate governance mechanisms work more effectively in the country.
17、thats all, thank you for listen to me, if you are interested in this paper you can have a study after class
thank you !
篇二：英语论文演讲稿
my paper is revenge tragedy in english renaissance——about 《hamlet》 ppt1:.... ppt2:....
ppt3:....
ppt4:next, let`s analyse the relationship between the characters in the drama. this is a relationship diagram.
hamlet ,the prince of denmark and also the protagonist(主角、主要人物、领导者）was about thirty years old at the start of the play. hamlet is the son of queen gertrude and the late king hamlet, and the nephew of the present king, claudius. hamlet is melancholy, bitter, and cynical, full of hatred for his uncle’s scheming and disgust for his mother’s sexuality. a reflective and thoughtful young man who has studied at the university of wittenberg, hamlet is often indecisive and hesitant, but at other times prone to rash and impulsive acts.
哈姆雷特 prince hamlet —— 丹麦王子。为父王的鬼魂所困扰，要对杀父凶手复仇。经历了痛苦的挣扎之后他达成了目的，整个王宫也陷入了死亡的恐怖之中。他最后也中了致命的毒剑死去。
claudius, as the king of denmark, hamlet’s uncle and the villain（反派角色） of the play, was a calculating, ambitious politician,and was driven by his sexual appetites and his lust for power, but he occasionally showed signs of guilt and human feeling—his love for gertrude, for instance, seems sincere.
克劳迪斯 claudius —— 丹麦现任国王。他是哈姆雷特的叔父，在哥哥死后继任了王位。老国王的鬼魂告诉哈姆雷特，他正是谋杀自己的凶手。他罪有应得，最后死在侄子复仇的毒剑下。
鬼魂 king hamlet (ghost) —— 哈姆雷特的父亲死后化成的鬼魂。他被弟弟毒死时，哈姆雷特正在国外。
ophelia - polonius’s daughter, a beautiful young woman with whom hamlet has been in love. ophelia is a sweet and innocent young girl, who obeys her father and her brother, laertes. dependent on men to tell her how to behave, she gives in to polonius’s schemes（诡计） to spy（侦察） on hamlet. even in her lapse into（陷入） madness and death, she remains maiden, singing songs about flowers and finally drowning in the river。
欧菲莉 ophelia—— 波洛涅斯的女儿。她与哈姆雷特双双陷入爱河，但种种阻力警告王子，政治地位使他们无望结合。作为哈姆雷特疯狂复仇计划的一部分，她被他无情抛弃，加上父亲的死让她陷入精神错乱，最终失足落水溺毙。
ppt6: then let`s look at the character analysis of hamlet. hamlet pretended to be mad in order to revenge. he also use his intelligence to approve his uncle`s guilt.
when hamlet confirmed that claudius was guilt, he decided to revenge without fear. then he also use stratagem to make himself avoid being killed. all of these approved that he was brave and smart.
ppt7: he pursued ophelia and finally gave up because of the revenge. before he was fight with laertes, he said sorry to him. this indicates he was guilt and sorry for laertes because it was he that made laertes lose his father. these approved that he was a kind and sincere man.
ppt8:.....
ppt9: when we read the play, we can also easily feel the dilemma. just like the words “to be or not to be-that is the question”
ppt10:.....
ppt11:......
篇三：如何写好英文演讲稿
从很多方面来说，写演讲稿就像写论文，但演讲稿却没有像论文那般特别注重单词的拼写与标点的错误。写演讲稿的时候，不要用一些发音不顺畅或是你不明白意思的单词，因为会导致你的演讲不够流畅。
instructions 说明
how much time your speech should take. if you dont have a time limit, try to keep your speech brief yet informative.
估算自己演讲所需的时间。如果没有演讲上的时间限制，就尽量让你的演讲篇幅简短且内容丰富。
about your audience and let your perception of the audience shape the tone of your speech as you write it.
站在听众的角度多想想，当你撰写演讲稿时，你要让观众也能在演讲稿中切身体会你的演讲魅力。
with an introduction that establishes who you are, what your purpose is, what youll be talking about and how long youre going to take. you may want to include a joke, anecdote or interesting fact to grab the audiences attention.
先介绍自己，以表述演讲目的、演讲主题和演讲时长作为开端。在这段话中，你要说一个笑话、奇闻奇事或趣事来直接引起听众的`注意。
your information into three to seven main points and prioritize them according to importance and effectiveness.
用3-7条大纲组织演讲内容信息，并根据重要性和有效性分清要点主次。
5. points that arent crucial to your speech if you have too many for your time frame.
假如时间不允许，你可以删减一些演讲中不重要的点。
with your most important point, then go to your least important point and move slowly back toward the most important. for example, if you have five points with no. 5 being the most important and no. 1 being the least important, your presentation order would be
5-1-2-3-4. 从最重要的一点开始你的演讲，之后到次重要点，然后再慢慢回到最重要点上。例如，你的演讲稿中有5点要讲，第5点是其中的重中之重，而第1点是次重要点，你的演
讲顺序应为：51234。
support to each point using statistics, facts, examples, anecdotes, quotations or other supporting material.
借助图表、事实、例子、奇闻轶事、引文与其它材料作为演讲点的支撑部分。
your introduction, points and conclusions together with smooth transitions. 引言、演讲要点和结论连贯顺承地串在一起。
a conclusion that summarizes each of your points, restates your main purpose and leaves the audience with a lasting impression.用结论总结所有演讲点，重申主题，让观众留下最后的深刻印象。
英文的演讲稿篇四：三分钟英语励志演讲稿
Good afternoon ，ladies and gentlemen！
I'm very honored to stand here and give you a short speech! To begin with ,I want to ask a question .Does everybody dream a good dream last night?
Actually ,today I want to talk about dream with you. Of course, What I want to talk is not a dream you have last night,but a dream—— about life.
Everyone has dreams about life, different dreams at different life stage,and we need dreams to support us. Dreams are like the stars we never reach in the sky,but like most mariners（水手）,we can chart our course by them. With the dream,we have a direction,with a direction, we were no longer the dream, there is hope,With hope, we have the strength to fight.
But I know，life is tough,and there are always ups and downs, maybe we fail in the way to our aims,and we may feel depressed ,whenever at this time, the dream in our heart can always comfort us, encourage us ,and support us to move ahead . Young!Fortunately, I am young now. Just due to it, I know that nothing is firmly believe that nothing can stand in my way. If
I can't realize my dream,it result from that I haven't work harder enough and I won't find other excuses. If no people believe you, you can make it to prove that you are right. If you think the god haven't blessed you and there is no truth here, you can become the god and create the truth.
"My breath swallows the sky and make the yellow river overflow, my sword is famous in Kyushu and it can collapse the five sacred mountains." At some time in the past I also had am bitious words and I had some achievements. Each achievement results from my hard work. I always believe that "If you want to have more achievements than others, you must work harder."
In some extent, the dream is the hope. If you can insist on doing something, the victory will come.
Hold fast to dreams, for if dreams die, life is a broken-winged bird that cannot fly. Hold fast to dreams, for when dreams go, life is a barren field frozen with snow. So my dear friends, think of your old and maybe dead dreams. Whatever it is, pick it up and make it alive from today. Let's--- move ----out! Thank you for your listening!
演讲稿：在较为隆重的仪式上和某些公众场所发表的讲话文稿。议论文：对某个问题或某件事进行分析、评论，表明自己的观点、立场、态度、看法和主张的一种文体。所以演讲稿不是议论文
关键词是从论文的题名、提要和 正文中选取出来的，是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作计算机系统标引论文内容特征的词语，便于信息系统汇集，以供读者检索。每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词，另起一行，排在“提要”的左下方。 主题词是经过规范化的词，在确定主题词时，要对论文进行主题分析，依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。（参见《 汉语主题词表》和《世界汉语主题词表》）。论文正文（1） 引言：引言又称前言、序言和导言，用在论文的开头。引言一般要概括地写出作者意图，说明选题的目的和意义, 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。〈2）论文正文：正文是论文的主体，正文应包括论点、论据、论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容：a.提出问题- 论点； b.分析问题-论据和论证；c.解决问题-论证方法与步骤；d. 结论。参考文献一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在研究和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料，列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页，标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。论文装订论文的有关部分全部抄清完了，经过检查，再没有什么问题，把它装成册，再加上封面。论文的封面要朴素大方，要写出论文的题目、学校、科系、指导教师姓名、作者姓名、完成年月日。论文的题目的作者姓名一定要写在表皮上，不要写里面的补页上。2要求编辑题名1．题名规范 题名应简明、具体、确切，能概括论文的特定内容，有助于选定关键词，符合编制题录、索引和检索的有关原则。2．命题方式 3． 撰写 英文题名的注意事项 ①英文题名以短语为主要形式，尤以名词短语最常见，即题名基本上由一个或几个名词加上其前置和（或）后置定语构成；短语型题名要确定好中心词，再进行前后修饰。各个词的顺序很重要，词序不当，会导致表达不准。②一般不要用陈述句，因为题名主要起标示作用，而陈述句容易使题名具有判断式的语义，且不够精炼和醒目。少数情况（评述性、综述性和驳斥性）下可以用疑问句做题名，因为疑问句有探讨性语气，易引起读者兴趣。③同一篇论文的英文题名与中文题名内容上应一致，但不等于说词语要一一对应。在许多情况下，个别非实质性的词可以省略或变动。④国外科技期刊一般对题名字数有所限制，有的规定题名不超过2行，每行不超过42个印刷符号和空格；有的要求题名不超过14个词。这些规定可供我们参考 。 ⑤在论文的英文题名中。凡可用可不用的冠词均不用。作者1．作者署名的规范作者署名置于题名下方，团体作者的执笔人，也可标注于篇首页地脚位置。有时，作者姓名亦可标注于正文末尾。示例：王军1，张红2，刘力1（1．××师范大学物理系，北京 100875 2．××教育学院物理系，北京100011）翻译作者及其单位名称的注意 [事项 ①]翻译单位名称不要采取缩写，要由小到大写全，并附地址和邮政编码，确保联系方便。 ②翻译单位名称要采用该单位统一的译法。③作者姓名按汉语拼音拼写，采用姓前名后，中间为空格，姓氏的全部字母均大字，复姓连写；名字的首字母大字，双名中间加连字符，姓氏与名均不缩写。例如： LI Hua（李华），ZHANG Xi-he（张锡和），ZHUGE Ying（诸葛颖）关键词1．关键词规范 关键词是反映论文主题概念的词或词组，通常以与正文不同的字体字号编排在摘要下方。一般每篇可选3~8个，多个关键词之间用分号分隔，按词条的外延（概念范围）层次从大到小排列。关键词一般是名词性的词或词组，个别情况下也有动词性的词或词组。应标注与中文关键词对应的英文关键词。编排上中文在前，外文在后。中文关键词前以“关键词：”或“[关键词]”作为标识；英文关键词前以“Key words：”作为标识。 关键词应尽量从国家标准《汉语主题词表》中选用；未被词表收录的新学科、新技术中的重要术语和地区、人物、文献等名称，也可作为关键词标注。关键词应采用能覆盖论文主要内容的通用技术词条。2．选择关键词的方法 关键词的一般选择方法是：由作者在完成论文写作后，从其题名、层次标题和正文（出现频率较高且比较关键的词）中选出来。正文1．正文规范 为了做到层次分明、脉络清晰，常常将正文部分分成几个大的段落。这些段落即所谓逻辑段，一个逻辑段可包含几个小逻辑段，一个小逻辑段可包含一个或几个自然段，使正文形成若干层次。论文的层次不宜过多，一般不超过五级。 1．参考文献的规范及其作用 为了反映文章的科学依据、作者尊重他人研究成果的严肃态度以及向读者提供有关信息的出处，正文之后一般应列出参考文献表。引文应以原始文献和第一手资料为原则。所有引用别人的观点或文字，无论曾否发表，无论是纸质或电子版，都必须注明出处或加以注释。凡转引文献资料，应如实说明。对已有学术成果的介绍、评论、引用和注释，应力求客观、公允、准确。伪注、伪造、篡改文献和数据等，均属学术不端行为。致谢一项科研成果或技术创新，往往不是独自一人可以完成的，还需要各方面的人力，财力，物力的支持和帮助。因此，在许多论文的末尾都列有"致谢"。主要对论文完成期间得到的帮助表示感谢，这是学术界谦逊和有礼貌的一种表现。
春天的故事，春天的故事，有一位老人在中国的南海边画了一个圈…‥”每当听到这首歌，我就为我的祖国而骄傲。我的祖国是有着悠久历史灿烂文化的一个多民族的国家，也是一个从封建社会一步一步的走到现在美好的社会主义国家。作为新中国的少年，我为祖国的发展而高喊！听！在爷爷的话中我们能真切地感受到生活的进步！听爷爷讲以前人们都吃不饱、穿不暖。自从邓小平爷爷实施了家庭联产承包责任制以后，农民的生活是一天比一天好，一年比一年强。不仅物质生活好了，精神生活也丰富了。特别是到了2005年底中国政府庄严的宣布：“自2006年1月1日起，中国将全面取消农业税。”这就是说皇粮国税已经成为历史，农民种地再也不用交纳农业税了。这就是改革开放给我们农民所带来地史无前例的大好事。从爷爷、奶奶、爸爸、妈妈的笑脸中，也让我感受到了快乐！听！在爸爸的言语中我们真切的感受到了祖国的强大！爸爸说，在1997年7月1日，全世界瞩目的“东方明珠”香港终于回到了祖国的怀抱。在1999年12月20日，澳门也回归到了祖国的怀抱。记得在这特殊的日子里，我们全国上下喜气洋洋，人们为祖国能洗刷屈辱的历史而高兴。在爸爸说话时洋溢的笑容中我感受到了祖国的强大！如果我们的祖国不强大，我想香港、澳门不知道什么时候才能回到祖国的怀抱。听！我们要对全世界人说：2008年，是我们中国的一年！当中国人百年的奥运梦想实现时，我们真得再自豪不过了！祖国，你的繁荣让我自豪！从1991年2月到2001年7月，再这将近十年的时间里，中国人民经过不懈的努力，终于等到了这一天——2008年8月8日！当奥运圣火在北京上空点燃的时候：当“神舟7号”上天的时候，我们沸腾了，这是中华民族的荣誉，这是改革开发的雄伟赞歌！它向全世界人宣布了中国的繁荣与强大！改革的春风吹遍了祖国的大地，吹进了我们的生活，吹到了每一个人的心里！我为你欢呼——我的祖国。
（一）论文名称论文名称就是课题的名字第一，名称要准确、规范。准确就是论文的名称要把论文研究的问题是什么，研究的对象是什么交待清楚，论文的名称一定要和研究的内容相一致，不能太大，也不能太小，要准确地把你研究的对象、问题概括出来。第二，名称要简洁，不能太长。不管是论文或者课题，名称都不能太长，能不要的字就尽量不要，一般不要超过20个字。（二）论文研究的目的、意义研究的目的、意义也就是为什么要研究、研究它有什么价值。这一般可以先从现实需要方面去论述，指出现实当中存在这个问题，需要去研究，去解决，本论文的研究有什么实际作用，然后，再写论文的理论和学术价值。这些都要写得具体一点，有针对性一点，不能漫无边际地空喊口号。主要内容包括：⑴研究的有关背景(课题的提出)：即根据什么、受什么启发而搞这项研究。⑵通过分析本地（校）的教育教学实际，指出为什么要研究该课题，研究的价值，要解决的问题。（三）本论文国内外研究的历史和现状（文献综述）规范些应该有，如果是小课题可以省略。一般包括：掌握其研究的广度、深度、已取得的成果；寻找有待进一步研究的问题，从而确定本课题研究的平台(起点)、研究的特色或突破点。（四）论文研究的指导思想指导思想就是在宏观上应坚持什么方向，符合什么要求等，这个方向或要求可以是哲学、政治理论，也可以是政府的教育发展规划，也可以是有关研究问题的指导性意见等。（五）论文写作的目标论文写作的目标也就是课题最后要达到的具体目的,要解决哪些具体问题，也就是本论文研究要达到的预定目标：即本论文写作的目标定位，确定目标时要紧扣课题,用词要准确、精练、明了。常见存在问题是：不写研究目标；目标扣题不紧；目标用词不准确；目标定得过高, 对预定的目标没有进行研究或无法进行研究。（六）论文的基本内容研究内容要更具体、明确。并且一个目标可能要通过几方面的研究内容来实现，他们不一定是一一对应的关系。大家在确定研究内容的时候，往往考虑的不是很具体，写出来的研究内容特别笼统、模糊，把写作的目的、意义当作研究内容。基本内容一般包括：⑴对论文名称的界说。应尽可能明确三点：研究的对象、研究的问题、研究的方法。⑵本论文写作有关的理论、名词、术语、概念的界说。（七）论文写作的方法具体的写作方法可从下面选定： 观察法、调查法、实验法、经验总结法、 个案法、比较研究法、文献资料法等。（八）论文写作的步骤论文写作的步骤，也就是论文写作在时间和顺序上的安排。论文写作的步骤要充分考虑研究内容的相互关系和难易程度，一般情况下，都是从基础问题开始，分阶段进行，每个阶段从什么时间开始，至什么时间结束都要有规定。课题研究的主要步骤和时间安排包括：整个研究拟分为哪几个阶段；各阶段的起止时间。