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中国的环境保护问题（英汉对照）中国政府十分重视因人口增长和经济发展而出现的环境问题，把保护环境作为提高人民生活水平和生活质量的一个重要方面。为了促进经济、社会与环境的协调发展，中国在80年代制定并实施了一系列保护环境的方针、政策、法律和措施。The Chinese government has paid great attention to the environmental issues arising from the country's population growth and economic development, and has made protecting the environment an important aspect of the improvement of the people's living standards and quality of life. In order to promote coordinated development between the economy, the society and the environment, China enacted and implemented a series of principles, policies, laws and measures for environmental protection in the 1980s. ——确立环境保护为中国的一项基本国策。防治环境污染和生态破坏以及合理开发利用自然资源关系到国家的全局利益和长远发展，中国政府坚定不移地贯彻执行环境保护这项基本国策。-- Making environmental protection one of China's basic national policies. The prevention and control of environmental pollution and ecological destruction and the rational exploitation and utilization of natural resources are of vital importance to the country's overall interests and long-term development. The Chinese government is unswervingly carrying out the basic national policy of environmental protection. ——制定经济建设、城乡建设和环境建设同步规划、同步实施、同步发展，实现经济效益、社会效益、环境效益相统一的指导方针，实行“预防为主，防治结合”、“谁污染，谁治理”和“强化环境管理”三大政策。-- Formulating the guiding principles of simultaneous planning, simultaneous implementation and simultaneous development for economic construction, urban and rural construction and environmental construction, and combining the economic returns with social effects and environmental benefits; and carrying out the three major policies of ``prevention first and combining prevention with control,'' ``making the causer of pollution responsible for treating it'' and ``intensifying environmental management.'' ——颁布实施环境保护的法律法规，把环境保护建立在法制的基础上，不断完善环境法律体系，严格执法程序，加大执法力度，保证环境法律法规的有效实施。-- Promulgating and putting into effect laws and regulations regarding environmental protection and placing environmental protection on a legal footing, continuously improving the statutes concerning the environment, formulating strict law-enforcement procedures and increasing the intensity of law enforcement so as to ensure the effective implementation of the environmental laws and regulations. ——坚持环境保护纳入国民经济和社会发展计划，实施国家指导下的宏观调控与管理，逐步增加对环境保护的投入，使环境保护与各项建设事业统筹兼顾，协调发展。-- Persisting in incorporating environmental protection into the plans for national economic and social development, introducing to it macro regulation and management under state guidance, and gradually increasing environmental protection input so as to give simultaneous consideration to environmental protection and other undertakings and ensure their coordinated development. ——建立健全各级政府的环境保护机构，形成比较完善的环境管理体制，充分发挥环境监督管理的作用。-- Establishing and improving environmental protection organizations under governments at all levels, forming a rather complete environmental control system, and bringing into full play the governments' role in environmental supervision and administration. ——加速环境科学技术的进步。加强基础理论研究，组织科技攻关，开发和推广防治环境污染的实用技术，扶植环境保护产业的发展，初步形成了环境保护科研体系。-- Accelerating progress in environmental science and technology. Strengthening research into basic theories, organizing the tackling of key scientific and technological problems, developing and popularizing prac"itical technology for environmental pollution prevention and control, fostering the growth of environmental protection industries, and giving initial shape to an environmental protection scientific research system. ——开展环境宣传教育，提高全民族的环境意识。广泛进行环境宣传，逐步普及中小学环境教育，发展环境保护在职教育和专业教育，培养环境科学技术和管理方面的专门人才。-- Carrying out environmental publicity and education to enhance the whole nation's awareness of the environment. Widely conducting environmental publicity work, gradually popularizing environmental education in secondary and primary schools, developing on-the-job education in environ"imen tal protection and vocational education, and training specialized personnel in environmental science and technology as well as environmental administration. ——推进环境保护领域的国际合作。积极发展同世界各国和国际组织在环境与发展方面的交流与合作，认真履行国际环境公约，努力发挥中国在国际环境事务中的作用。-- Promoting international cooperation in the field of environmental protection. Actively expanding exchanges and cooperation concerning the environment and development with other countries and international organizations, earnestly implementing international environmental conventions, and seeking scope for China's role in global environmental affairs. 进入90年代，国际社会与世界各国在探索解决环境与发展问题的道路上迈出了重要一步。1992年6月，联合国环境与发展大会把可持续发展作为未来共同的发展战略，得到了与会各国政府的普遍赞同。Since the beginning of the 1990s the international community and various countries have made an important step forward in exploring solutions to problems of the environment and development. The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, held in June 1992, made sustainable development the strategy for common development in the future, and this won wide acclaim from the governments of all countries represented at the conference. 1992年8月，联合国环境与发展大会之后，中国政府提出了中国环境与发展应采取的十大对策，明确指出走可持续发展道路是当代中国以及未来的必然选择。In August 1992, shortly after that conference, the Chinese government put forward ten major measures China was to adopt to enhance its environment and development, clearly pointing out that the road of sustainable development was a logical choice for China now and in the future. 1994年3月，中国政府批准发布了《中国21世纪议程 ——�中国21世纪人口、环境与发展白皮书》，从人口、环境与发展的具体国情出发，提出了中国可持续发展的总体战略、对策以及行动方案。有关部门和地方也分别制定了实施可持续发展战略的行动计划。In March 1994 the Chinese government approved and promulgated China's Agenda 21 -- White Paper on China's Population, Environment, and Development in the 21st Century. This document, proceeding from the country's specific national conditions in these three respects, put forward China's overall strategy, measures and program of action for sustainable development. The various departments and localities also worked out their respective plans of action to implement the strategy for sustainable development. 1996年3月，第八届全国人民代表大会第四次会议审议通过的《中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展“九五”计划和2010年远景目标纲要》，把实施可持续发展作为现代化建设的一项重大战略，使可持续发展战略在中国经济建设和社会发展过程中得以实施。 At its Fourth Session in March 1996 China's Eighth National People's Congress examined and adopted the Ninth Five-Year Plan of the People's Republic of China for National Economic and Social Development and the Outline of the Long-Term Target for the Year 2010. Both the Plan and Outline take sustainable development as an important strategy for modernization, thus making it possible for the implementation of the strategy of sustainable development in the course of China's economic construction and social development. 二、逐步完善的法律体系与管理体制 中国重视环境法制建设，目前已经形成了以《中华人民共和国宪法》为基础，以《中华人民共和国环境保护法》为主体的环境法律体系。 《中华人民共和国宪法》规定：“国家保护和改善生活环境和生态环境，防治污染和其他公害。”“国家保障自然资源的合理利用，保护珍贵的动物和植物。禁止任何组织或者个人用任何手段侵占或者破坏自然资源。” 《中华人民共和国环境保护法》是中国环境保护的基本法。该法确立了经济建设、社会发展与环境保护协调发展的基本方针，规定了各级政府、一切单位和个人保护环境的权利和义务。 中国针对特定的环境保护对象制定颁布了多项环境保护专门法以及与环境保护相关的资源法，包括：《水污染防治法》、《大气污染防治法》、《固体废物污染环境防治法》、《海洋环境保护法》、《森林法》、《草原法》、《渔业法》、《矿产资源法》、《土地管理法》、《水法》、《野生动物保护法》、《水土保持法》、《农业法》等。 中国政府还制定了《噪声污染防治条例》、《自然保护区条例》、《放射性同位素与射线装置放射防护条例》、《化学危险品安全管理条例》、《淮河流域水污染防治暂行条例》、《海洋石油勘探开发环境保护管理条例》、《海洋倾废管理条例》、《陆生野生动物保护实施条例》、《风景名胜区管理暂行条例》、《基本农田保护条例》、《城市绿化条例》等30多件环境保护行政法规。此外，各有关部门还发布了大量的环境保护行政规章。 中国地方人民代表大会和地方人民政府为实施国家环境保护法律，结合本地区的具体情况，制定和颁布了600多项环境保护地方性法规。 环境标准是中国环境法律体系的一个重要组成部分，包括环境质量标准、污染物排放标准、环境基础标准、样品标准和方法标准。环境质量标准、污染物排放标准分为国家标准和地方标准。到1995年底，中国颁布了364项各类国家环境标准。中国法律规定，环境质量标准和污染物排放标准属于强制性标准，违反强制性环境标准，必须承担相应的法律责任。 在建立健全环境法律体系的过程中，中国把环境执法放在与环境立法同等重要的位置，连续4年开展了全国环境执法检查，对污染和破坏环境的行为进行严肃查处，对环境违法犯罪行为进行严厉打击。中国十分重视人民群众和新闻舆论对环境违法行为的监督，开辟了人民群众反映环境问题的渠道，加强了新闻媒介对环境违法行为的揭露和曝光。 应该指出的是，中国的环境法制建设还需要进一步完善，如某些方面存在着立法空白、有些法律的内容需要补充和修改、有法不依、执法不严的现象等。因此，继续加强环境法制建设仍是一项重要的战略任务。 中国同样重视环境管理体制建设，现在已经建立起由全国人民代表大会立法监督，各级政府负责实施，环境保护行政主管部门统一监督管理，各有关部门依照法律规定实施监督管理的体制。 全国人民代表大会设有环境与资源保护委员会，负责组织起草和审议环境与资源保护方面的法律草案并提出报告，监督环境与资源保护方面法律的执行，提出同环境与资源保护问题有关的议案，开展与各国议会之间在环境与资源保护领域的交往。一些省、市人民代表大会也相应设立了环境与资源保护机构。 国务院环境保护委员会由国务院有关部门的领导成员组成，是国务院环境保护工作的议事和协调机构。其主要任务是：研究和审议国家环境保护与经济协调发展的方针、政策和措施，指导并协调解决有关的重大环境问题，监督检查各地区、各部门贯彻执行环境保护法律法规的情况，推动和促进全国环境保护事业的发展。省、市、县人民政府也相应设立了环境保护委员会。 国家环境保护局是国务院环境保护行政主管部门，对全国环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。省、市、县人民政府也相继设立了环境保护行政主管部门，对本辖区的环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。目前，中国县级以上环境保护行政主管部门有2500多个，从事环境行政管理、监测、监理、统计、科学研究、宣传教育等的总人数达万人。 中国各级政府的综合部门、资源管理部门和工业部门也设立了环境保护机构，负责相应的环境与资源保护工作。中国多数大中型企业也设有环境保护机构，负责本企业的污染防治以及推行清洁生产。目前，各部门和企业的各类环境保护人员已达20多万人。 China pays great attention to environmental legislative work and has now established an environmental statutory framework that takes the Constitution of the People's Republic of China as the foundation and the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China as the main body. The Constitution of the People's Republic of China stipulates, ``The state protects and improves the living environment and the ecological environment, and prevents and remedies pollution and other public hazards,'' and ``The state ensures the rational use of natural resources and protects rare animals and plants. The appropriation or damage of natural resources by any organization or individual by whatever means is prohib"iited.'' The Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China is the cardinal law for environmental protection in China. The law has established the basic principle for coordinated development between economic construction, social progress and environmental protection, and defined the rights and duties of governments at all levels, all units and individuals as regards environmental protection. China has enacted and promulgated many special laws on environmental protection as well as laws on natural resources related to environmental protection. They include the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution, Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution, Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes, Marine Environment Protection Law, Forestry Law, Grassland Law, Fisheries Law, Mineral Resources Law, Land Administration Law, Water Resources Law, Law on the Protection of Wild Animals, Law on Water and Soil Conservation, and Agriculture Law. The Chinese government has also enacted more than 30 administrative decrees regarding environmental protection, including the Regulations for the Prevention and Control of Noise Pollution, Regulations on Nature Reserves, Regulations on the Prevention of and Protection Against Radiation from Radio Isotopes and Radioactive Device, Regulations on the Safe Administration of Chemicals and Other Dangerous Materials, Provisional Regulations on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution in the Huaihe River Drainage Area, Regulations Governing Environmental Protection Administration in Offshore Oil Exploration and Development, Regulations on the Control of Marine Wastes Dumping, Regulations for the Implementation of the Protection of Terrestrial Wildlife, Pro"ivisional Regulations on the Administration of National Parks, Regulations on the Protection of Basic Farmland, and Regulations on Urban Afforestation. In addition, departments concerned have also issued a number of administrative rules and decrees on environmental protection. To implement the state's environmental protection laws and regulations, people's congresses and people's governments at local levels, proceeding from specific conditions in their own areas, have enacted and promulgated more than 600 local laws on environmental protection. Environmental standards are an important component of China's environmental statutory framework. They include environmental quality standards, pollutant discharge or emission standards, basic environmental criteria, criteria for samples, and criteria for methodology. The environmental quality standards and pollutant discharge or emission standards are divided into state standards and local standards. By the end of 1995, China had promulgated state environmental standards on 364 items. As stipulated in Chinese law, the environmental quality standards and pollutant discharge standards are compulsory standards, and those who violate these compulsory environmental standards must bear the corresponding legal responsibility. In the process of establishing and improving the environmental statutory framework, China attaches equal importance to environmental law enforcement and environmental legislation. For four years in a row, China has conducted nationwide checks on the enforcement of environmental legislation to seriously deal with acts of polluting and damaging the environment and severely punish environmental law violations. China pays great attention to supervision exercised by the people and media over law-breaking activities regarding the environment -- it has opened channels for the masses of people to report on environmental problems and adopted measures for the media to expose environmental law-breaking activities. But it should be pointed out that China's environmental legislative work needs to be further improved. For instance, some areas still remain uncovered, some contents are yet to be amended or revised and there are still the phenomena of not fully observing or enforcing laws. Therefore, to make continuous efforts to strengthen environmental legislative work remains an important strategic task. China attaches equal importance to the establishment of an environmental administrative system. It has established a system in which the National People's Congress enacts the laws, governments at different levels take responsibility for their enforcement, the administrative departments in charge of environmental protection exercise overall supervision and administration and the various departments concerned exercise supervision and administration according to the stipulations of the law. The National People's Congress has established an Environment and Resources Protection Committee, whose work it is to organize the formulation and examination of drafted laws related to environmental and resources protection and prepare the necessary reports, exercise supervision over the enforcement of laws governing environmental and resources protection, put forward motions related to the issue of environmental and resources protection, and conduct exchanges with parliaments in other countries in the field of environmental and resources protection. The people's congresses of some provinces and cities have also established corresponding environmental and resources protection organizations. The Environmental Protection Committee under the State Council is made up of leaders of various related ministries under the State Council. It is the State Council's consultancy and coordination agency for environmental protection work. Its major tasks are studying and examining the principles, policies and measures relating to coordinative development of the country's economy and environmental protection, giving guidance to and coordinating efforts in tackling major environmental problems, exercising supervision over and conducting checks on the implementation of the environmental protection laws and regulations by various localities and departments, and promoting the development of environmental protection undertakings throughout the country. The people's governments at the provincial, city and county levels have also established corresponding environmental protection committees. The National Environmental Protection Agency is the competent environmental protection administration agency under the State Council, whose task it is to exercise overall supervision and administration over the country's environ"imen tal protection work. The people's governments at the provincial, city and county levels have also successively established environmental protection administration departments to carry out overall supervision and administration of the environ"imen tal protection work in their localities. At present, there are nationwide more than 2,500 environmental protection administration departments above the county level with a total staff of 88,000 engaged in environmental administration, monitoring, inspection and control, statistics collection, scientific research, pub"ilicity and education. Environmental protection organizations have also been established in comprehensive administration departments, resources administration departments and industrial departments under governments at various levels to take charge of related environmental and resources protection work. Most of China's large and medium-sized enterprises have also set up environmental protection organizations responsible for their own anti-pollution work and the promotion of cleaner production. At present, the total number of various types of environmental protection workers employed by the various departments and enterprises exceeds 200,000.
可持续发展英文是sustainable development，sustainable代表可持续的，development代表发展。
可持续发展（sustainable development）一词最早出现于1980年国际自然保护同盟的《世界自然资源保护大纲》，提出“必须研究自然的、社会的、生态的、经济的以及利用自然资源过程中的基本关系，以确保全球的可持续发展。
1987年，世界环境与发展委员会出版《我们共同的未来》报告，将可持续发展定义为既能满足当代人的需要，又不对后代人满足其需要的能力构成危害的发展。
可持续发展的内容
可持续发展要突出发展的主题，发展与经济增长有根本区别，发展是集社会、科技、文化、环境等多项因素于一体的完整现象，发达国家和发展中国家都享有平等的不容剥夺的发展权利。
发展的可持续性，人类的经济和社会的发展不能超越资源和环境的承载能力；人与人关系的公平性，当代人在发展与消费时应努力做到使后代人有同样的发展机会，同一代人中一部分人的发展不应当损害另一部分人的利益，人与自然的协调共生，人类必须建立新的道德观念和价值标准，学会尊重自然。
natural resource is on the edge of exhausting day by day. environment problem is none the less fierce. are relatively lack of the idea of environment protection. government has already carried out the relative laws and devoted a great deal of financing power to improve the environment,at the same time the government also leave no efforts to educate its public and strengthen the international cooperation. 希望对你有帮助。
Protecting our environment is our common is my plan of action:First,I have good habbit to throw rubbish into dustbin; when i go shopping,I usually take a cloth bag and try my best not to use plastic -carbon living is very popular in our I decide to join them,for example,I will do my best not to take plane and not to open conditioner in the winter as possible as I will plant trees in the abor day of every year and make my contribution to bring green for our protecting our environment,we should start small things.译文：保护我们的环境是我们共同的责任。下面是我的行动计划:首先,我有良好的习惯,把垃圾扔进垃圾箱;当我去购物时,我通常会带一个布袋,尽自己最大的努力不使用塑料袋。第二,低碳生活是非常受欢迎的在我们的社会。因此我决定加入他们,例如,我会做我最好不要把平面和冬天不开空调。第三,我将会在每年的劳动一天,植树给我们带来绿色环境做出我的贡献。为了保护我们的环境,我们应该从小事开始。
The idea of sustainable development has been accepted by the world. How to keep sustainable development is a big problem facing our planet. The present situation is worrying. First，natural resources are becoming less than before. Second，as some people are not aware of the importance of the environmental protection，the problems with it remain extremely serious to some degree. The gap between the rich and the poor has the tendency to become wider and wider. To our great joy，many countries have taken action. On one hand，they have made relevant laws and regulations and put large amounts of money to the environmental protection. One the other hand，popularized education as well as international cooperation is being carried out. As for myself，I should take the responsibility to devote myself to sustainable development，our future and the lives of our children and our grandchildren will be in danger.
natural resource is on the edge of exhausting day by day. environment problem is none the less fierce. are relatively lack of the idea of environment protection. government has already carried out the relative laws and devoted a great deal of financing power to improve the environment,at the same time the government also leave no efforts to educate its public and strengthen the international cooperation. 希望对你有帮助。
Sustainable Development The idea of sustainable development has been accepted by the to keep sustainable development is a big problem facing our planet. The present situation is resources are becoming less than some people are not aware of the importance of the environmental protection,the problems with it remain extremely serious to some gap between the rich and the poor has the tendency to become wider and wider. To our great joy,many countries have taken one hand,they have made relevant laws and regulations and put large amounts of money to the environmental the other hand,popularized education as well as international cooperation is being carried out. As for myself,I should take the responsibility to devote myself to sustainable development,our future and the lives of our children and our grandchildren will be in danger. 你看看合不合适
Protecting our environment is our common is my plan of action:First,I have good habbit to throw rubbish into dustbin; when i go shopping,I usually take a cloth bag and try my best not to use plastic -carbon living is very popular in our I decide to join them,for example,I will do my best not to take plane and not to open conditioner in the winter as possible as I will plant trees in the abor day of every year and make my contribution to bring green for our protecting our environment,we should start small things.译文：保护我们的环境是我们共同的责任。下面是我的行动计划:首先,我有良好的习惯,把垃圾扔进垃圾箱;当我去购物时,我通常会带一个布袋,尽自己最大的努力不使用塑料袋。第二,低碳生活是非常受欢迎的在我们的社会。因此我决定加入他们,例如,我会做我最好不要把平面和冬天不开空调。第三,我将会在每年的劳动一天,植树给我们带来绿色环境做出我的贡献。为了保护我们的环境,我们应该从小事开始。
The idea of sustainable development has been accepted by the world. How to keep sustainable development is a big problem facing our present situation is worrying. First, natural resources are becoming less than before. Second, as some people are not aware of the importance of the environmental protection, the problems with it remain extremely serious to some degree. The gap between the rich and the poor has the tendency to become wider and our great joy, many countries have taken action. On one hand, they have made relevant laws and regulations and put large amounts of money to the environmental protection. On the other hand, popularized education as well as international cooperation is being carried out. As for myself, I should take the responsibility to dedicate myself to sustainable development. Our future and the lives of our children and our grandchildren won't be in danger if we all realize the problem and do something we can in our daily life.
这个期刊不是核心，但是挺牛的，不是太好发。
可持续发展是一本很好的期刊，有发展前景和空间。在这个期刊的主页上看到期刊已经进入 DOAJ 、万方、 维普数据库检索了，很多学校承认这期刊的，而且开源期刊引用率较高，影响因子较大。
不是的。《环境与可持续发展》这个期刊什么核心期刊也不是的。就是个普通期刊。但，因是由环境保护部环境发展中心主办的期刊，算是普通国家级期刊。
SCI期刊环境，发展与可持续性是一本国际和多学科期刊，涵盖了社会经济发展对环境的影响的各个方面。它还关注发展与环境之间发生的复杂相互作用，其目的是寻求在旨在实现这种发展的所有人类活动中实现可持续性的方式方法。该期刊的主题包括以下和相关问题:-社会，发展和环境之间的相互作用及其对可持续发展的影响-技术，经济，可持续发展的伦理和哲学方面-全球可持续性-可以克服的障碍和方式-地方和区域可持续性倡议，其实际实施，和在更广泛的背景下使用的相关性-可持续发展指标的开发和应用-可持续发展政策的开发，验证，实施和监测-可持续利用土地，水，发展中的能源和生物资源-农业和林业活动对土壤和水生生态系统及生物多样性的影响-能源使用和全球气候变化对发展和可持续性的影响-人口增长和人类活动对粮食和其他促进发展的基本资源-国家和国际机构的作用，以及可持续发展中的国际援助和贸易安排-可持续发展的社会和文化背景-教育和公众意识在可持续发展中的作用-政治和经济手段在可持续发展中的作用
可持续发展战略“科学是世界的灵魂。”“科学是用事实建立起来的。”【科学是什么意思】：文明的永恒、普适、唯一性就是科学 。【什么是文明】：文化进程里恩怨游戏的终结就是文明。“文明是现实主义。”“战略的定义”中“连续”这个词的意思就是“发展、持久、和谐和均衡。”“观”， 是观念。【观念的定义】：观念是自身知觉、意识、思想、理智的对象。【真理的定义】：真理是一个观念在个别情况下判断中现时的体验。“真理是由表象真理、知性真理、理性真理、概念真理、智性真理的一致性构成的，一致性都是各种关系构成的。”【战略的定义】：战略是寻找连续正理○17、科学的文明实体。【战术的定义】：战术是达成局部真理、 文明的文化性质。“战略的特征是发现智谋的纲领，战术的特征是创造实在的行为。”“发展”一词，就是战略中的连续，也是战略和战术的本质属性区别之一。科学发展观是一种文化，是一个发现，它又是一个文化进程。在博弈的文化进程里，它形成了一个完整的文化体系，融入社会，深入人心，变成了以人为本的人与自然、人与社会、人与背景的博弈世界观。在资产与共产双方博弈对局中，自然产生了第三空地的概念，在社会主义文化走向文明和科学的进程中，就是在这第三空地里不断地创新，中国社会就是在这个文化进程中得到繁荣和发展。“感觉、思维、意识、观念、主观、理性、真理，这是文化进程。感觉、思维、意识、观念、主观、理性、真理、证据，这是文明进程。感觉、思维、意识、观念、主观、理性、真理、证据、科学，这是科学进程。”“文化诞生于谎言，文化又是虚无主义，只有文化才有万能的理性产生当代文明。”《博弈圣经》中说：“大自然用时间创造了文化的次序，人类根据大自然双重性和第三空地的优雅产生了博弈智慧的深度。”科学发展观以国情为背景，在多年的实践中，在资产与共产的理论相互交替纠缠中，在成功和失败中，在经验和教训中，创造了中国特色的社会主义，建立创新型国家，它是一个“博弈实体○9”。科学发展观就是这个“博弈实体○9”的战略性命题。《博弈圣经》中说：“应该从战略和战术的横向对局的第三空地里产生博弈的混合、排序、定性，才可能有所发现。”科学发展观的发现所形成的理论体系，将与资产和共产三方平等博弈，互访、互渗、相互交替。科学发展观在未来社会发展中，在大于两个以上的合作者，在国正双赢理论○3的实践中，创造和谐社会的双赢体系，科学发展观具有大自然的博弈占优特性。因此，它是一个政治科学成果。
能源与可持续发展论文自人类迈进二十一世纪以来，开发新能源成为全世界解决能源问题的共同出路。与化石燃料相比，新能源具有可再生、对环境友好等特点，更符合人类可持续发展的目标。其中，太阳能、风能、地热能、水能和潮汐能，是开发较早的新能源，已在实际生产生活中发挥了重要作用。曾一度被人们看好的核能，有着极高的能量值，可是其高额的研究经费和潜在的巨大危害，令世界大多数国家望而却步。而作为新能源中“排行”靠后的生物能源，却在最近几年内忽然人气锐增，势如破竹，被看作是“新能源家族中可实现度最高的未来能源”。那么究竟何谓生物能源呢，它又有哪些优势呢？生物能源主要是指在生物体（尤为植物）内，经一系列化学反应所释放出的能源。其实，世界上90％的能源消耗来自植物光合作用所积累的能源，比如地球演变的历史上所积累的矿物能源（煤、石油、天然气，因为它们是堆积在一起的有机物经地质作用形成的），但总有一天矿物能源会消耗殆尽。能源危机威胁着人类的发展。所以发展可再生能源，尤其是利用植物光合产物转化成便于利用的能源，引起了全球的广泛关注。人类利用生物能源，实质是将植物通过光合作用固定的碳的能量释放出来。它的好处在于: 一、中性的碳循环，即无温室效应；二、生物再生的能源有助于克服化石能源供应的萎缩。并且，发展生物能源不仅可以解决资源、环境的问题，还可以带动农业产业的发展，实现环境与经济效应的双赢。我国是粮食大国，同样也是资源匮乏的国家，发展生物能源十分符合我国国情。对此农业部成立了生物质工程中心，目的是加强农业生物质技术研究，在生物能源的开发等方面取得突出进展，并使我国在未来达到国际先进水平。与此同时，国内的众多科研院所也纷纷加入研发行列，试图开拓出自己的道路。巴西、美国等利用玉米淀粉转化成酒精已经取得很大成效。但是就世界上大多数国家和地区而言，不可以用有限的耕地去发展新的能源产业。所以利用荒地种植野生、半野生的能源植物已是大家认同的发展方向。另外，与某些国家采用把玉米、甘蔗转化成乙醇，或是从油料作物中提取生物柴油不同，我们国家把目光放在了更为高效的纤维素上。 纤维素是植物的木质部分，是地球数量最大的植物积累的产物，植物从太阳获取的绝大部分能量也都储存于其中。所以人类一旦掌握了释放出存储在纤维素中能量的技术，能源危机便可迎刃而解。在北京市科技俱乐部组织的活动中，我有幸与北京大学生命学院的老师交谈，并聆听纤维素技术。我了解到纤维素的降解和转化是十分关键的步骤，也是巨大的难点。纤维素犹如植物坚硬的骨架，因此它远比淀粉类物质难分解。而突破口是找到合适的能高效分解纤维素的酶。在这方面生物又给了我们很好的启示：牛吃的是充满纤维素的草，却能够胜任拉车、耕田的重活。牛胃的反刍作用，其中微生物产生的纤维素酶都是很值得我们去模拟的。我们的课外科技活动就从这里开始,从分离和改良纤维素酶基因开始。而从另一个角度，我们还可以通过提高植物体内的纤维素含量，来提高转化效率，降低成本。天然的甜高梁、柳枝稷是目前已知的高纤维素含量植物，而通过对它们进行转基因处理，我们能从单位植株中获得更多的纤维素。生物能源的开发与生物技术、基因工程密不可分。北大的老师向我讲述了基因工程在培育能源植物中的作用。其中包括促进光能产物的积累，促进采收后纤维素的降解，以及要使能源植物在缺水的环境中生长，要使这些植物耐受低温、增加一年中光能转化的时间。这些都是可以通过基因操作技术来实现。这些工作正是我们这一代人明天要做的事情。今天，我们要多学习这方面的高新技术知识。作为当代的青少年，我们需要放眼世界，密切关注生态环境和资源问题。过去，我们曾开展节水宣传、参与植树造林，为美化环境做出贡献。而现在我们要身体力行，加入到开发、宣传新能源的行列中。比如，我们可以在实验田里学农劳动，负责原料作物的种植和养护；有组织地进行野外考察，研究各种作物的成分及价值，提供给有关部门。或者科学合理地运用已有的知识，为增强农作物的环境适应性、解决荒漠化问题积极献言献策。我们还可以在学校内做培养微生物、植物的组织培养等实验，提高对生物工程技术的认识水平；加入青少年科技俱乐部，进入科研院所，与导师合作研究相关课题。或者是在学校、社区中宣传生物能源的使用前景…… 总之，有无数活动与创意等待我们去实施。在这个过程中，不但能丰富自己的文化知识，还可以提高科学素养，锻炼能力！其实，我们的力量并不微小。只要我们报有一颗热爱科学的心，将热情与智慧投入其中，就会获得意想不到的收获。而我们的家园，也必将在你我的行动中，变得越来越美丽！