plagiarism detection 剽窃检测 = 查重重复率我觉得可以说 similarity rate
论文查重的内容主要包括:中英文摘要、目录、主要符号对照表、正文、致谢等。,其中正文通常由前言、章节和总结组成。
一、论文查重主要是查什么论文查重主要包括以下内容:封面、声明、中英文摘要、目录、主要符号对照表、正文、致谢、参考文献、附录、原创性声明或者授权声明、学习期间发表的学术论文等部分组成。其中正文部分,通常是由引文、摘要、各部分章节、总结等部分组成。封面、声明、原创性声明、授权使用说明、个人简历、导师简介,在学习期间发表的学术论文这些内容需要完全删除,也是为了个人隐私和安全起见,还需要把眉页、页脚里的学校名称以及专业名称删除。二、论文查重查要求是什么一般院校规定硕士论文查重率不得高于20%,也有极个别院校规定硕士论文的查重率不得高于10%,而一般来说,本科生论文的重复率在30%以下,具体还是要看学校要求的!普遍都是论文重复率超过了50%,那么将会被直接取消学位,论文重复率在30%-50%之间,则延期毕业,重复率在10%-30%,则顺利毕业,重复率控制在30%以内则算通过.。大家如果想明确知道自己学校的重复率要求,可向自己的导师或同学咨询。
博士论文查重率:Doctoral thesis duplicate check rate
It happened that the cat met Mr. Fox in the woods. She thought, "He is intelligent and well experienced, and is highly regarded in the world," so she spoke to him in a friendly manner, "Good-day, my dear Mr. Fox. How is it going? How are you? How are you getting by in these hard times?" The fox, filled with arrogance, examined the cat from head to feet, and for a long time did not know whether he should give an answer. At last he said, "Oh, you poor beard-licker, you speckled fool, you hungry mouse hunter, what are you thinking? Have you the nerve to ask how I am doing? What do you know? How many tricks do you understand?" "I understand but one," answered the cat, modestly. "What kind of a trick is it?" asked the fox. "When the dogs are chasing me, I can jump into a tree and save myself." "Is that all?" said the fox. "I am master of a hundred tricks, and in addition to that I have a sackful of cunning. I feel sorry for you. Come with me, and I will teach you how one escapes from the dogs." Just then a hunter came by with four dogs. The cat jumped nimbly up a tree, and sat down at its top, where the branches and foliage completely hid her. "Untie your sack, Mr. Fox, untie your sack," the cat shouted to him, but the dogs had already seized him, and were holding him fast. "Oh, Mr. Fox," shouted the cat. "You and your hundred tricks are left in the lurch. If you been able to climb like I can, you would not have lost your life." 一只猫在森林里遇到一只狐狸,心想:“他又聪明,经验又丰富,挺受人尊重的。”於是它很友好地和狐狸打招呼:“日安,尊敬的狐狸先生,您好吗?这些日子挺艰难的,您过得怎么样?” 狐狸傲慢地将猫从头到脚地打量了一番,半天拿不定主意是不是该和它说话。最后它说:“哦,你这个倒霉的长着鬍子、满身花纹的傻瓜、饥肠辘辘地追赶老鼠的傢伙,你会啥?有甚么资格问我过得怎么样?你都学了点甚么本事?” “我只有一种本领。”猫谦虚地说。 “甚么本领?”狐狸问。来源:考试大 “有人追我的时候,我会爬到树上去藏起来保护自己。” “就这本事?”狐狸不屑地说,“我掌握了上百种本领,而且还有满口袋计谋。我真觉得你可怜,跟着我吧,我教你怎么从追捕中逃生。” 就在这时,猎人带着四条狗走近了。猫敏捷地窜到一棵树上,在树顶上蹲伏下来,茂密的树叶把它遮挡得严严实实。 “快打开你的计谋口袋,狐狸先生,快打开呀!”猫冲着狐狸喊道。可是猎狗已经将狐狸扑倒咬住了。“哎呀,狐狸先生,”猫喊道,“你的千百种本领就这么给扔掉了!假如你能像我一样爬树就不至於丢了性命了!” The paradox of our time in history is that we have taller buildings, but shorter tempers; wider freeways, but narrower viewpoints; we spend more, but have less; we buy more but enjoy less. 我们这个时代在历史上的说法就是我们拥有更高的建筑,但是有更暴的脾气;我们拥有更宽阔的高速公路,却有更狭隘的观点;我们花费得更多,拥有得却更少;我们购买得更多却享受得更少。 We have bigger houses and smaller families; more conveniences, but less time; we have more degrees, but less sense; more knowledge, but less judgment; more experts, but more problems; more medicine, but less wellness. 我们的房子越来越大,家庭却越来越小;便利越来越多,时间却越来越少;学位越来越多,感觉却越来越少;知识越来越多,观点却越来越少;专家越来越多,问题也越来越多;药物越来越多,健康却越来越少。 We drink too much, spend too recklessly, laugh too little, drive too fast, get too angry too quickly, stay up too late, get up too tired, read too little, watch TV too much, and pray too seldom. 我们喝得太多,花钱大手大脚,笑得太少,开车太快,易怒,熬夜,赖床,书读得越来越少,电视看得越来越多,却很少向上帝祈祷。 We talk too much, love too seldom, and hate too often. We’ve learned how to make a living, but not a life; we’ve added years to life, not life to years. 我们常常夸夸其谈,却很少付出爱心,且常常心中充满了仇恨。我们学会了如何谋生,而不知如何生活。我们延长了生命的期限,而不是生活的期限。 We’ve been all the way to the moon and back, but have trouble crossing the street to meet the new neighbor. We’ve conquered outer space, but not inner space; we’ve done larger things, but not better things. 我们登上了月球,并成功返回,却不能穿过街道去拜访新邻居。我们已经征服了太空,却征服不了自己的内心;我们的事业越做越大,但质量却没有提高。 Packaging A Person A person, like a commodity, needs packaging. But going too far is absolutely undesirable. A little exaggeration, however, does no harm when it shows the person's unique qualities to their advantage. To display personal charm in a casual and natural way, it is important for one to have a clear knowledge of oneself. A master packager knows how to integrate art and nature without any traces of embellishment, so that the person so packaged is no commodity but a human being, lively and lovely. A young person, especially a female, radiant with beauty and full of life, has all the favor granted by God. Any attempt to make up would be self-defeating. Youth, however, comes and goes in a moment of doze. Packaging for the middle-aged is primarily to conceal the furrows ploughed by time. If you still enjoy life's exuberance enough to retain self-confidence and pursue pioneering work, you are unique in your natural qualities, and your charm and grace will remain. Elderly people are beautiful if their river of life has been, through plains, mountains and jungles, running its course as it should. You have really lived your life which now arrives at a complacent stage of serenity indifferent to fame or wealth. There is no need to resort to hair-dyeing-the snow-capped mountain is itself a beautiful scene of fairyland. Let your looks change from young to old synchronizing with the natural ageing process so as to keep in harmony with nature, for harmony itself is beauty, while the other way round will only end in unpleasantness. To be in the elder's company is like reading a thick book of de luxe edition that fascinates one so much as to be reluctant to part with. As long as one finds where one stands, one knows how to package oneself, just as a commodity establishes its brand by the right packaging. 人的包装 人如商品要包装,但切忌过分包装。夸张包装,要善于展示个性的独特品质。在随意与自然中表现人的个性美,重要的是认识自己,包装的高手在于不留痕迹,外在的一切应与自身浑然一体,这时你不再是商品,而是活生生的人。 青年有着充盈的生命的底气,她亮丽诱人,这是上帝赐予的神采,任何涂抹都是多余的败笔,青春是个打个盹就过去的东西。 中年的包装主要是掩盖住岁月流过的痕迹。如果你依然能够享受丰富自信的生活并追求前沿的工作,你的气质定会独特不凡,风韵依然。 当生命之河一一经历了平原、高山和树林,老年人便会是美丽的。你的生活达到了一种宁静的境界,淡泊名利、与世无争。无需去染黑头发,因为那满头如学的白发正是一种仙境之美。 人该年轻时就年轻,该年老时就年老,这是与自然同步,这就是和谐。和谐就是美,反之就是丑。和老年人在一起就像读一本厚厚的精装书,魅力无穷,令人爱不释手。 只要你了解自己所处的境地,就知道该如何包装自己,正如拥有合适包装的商品会成为知名品牌。
只要有发现的美的眼睛,那么你就能看到生活中的小故事,下面是我为大家搜集整理出来的有关于中英对照励志文章,希望可以帮助到大家!
Today I shed my old skin which hath, too long, suffered the bruises of failure and the wounds of mediority.
Today I am born anew and my birthplace is a vineyard where there is fruit for all.
Today I will pluck grapes of wisdom from the tallest and fullest vines in the vineyard,for these were planted by the wisest of my profession who have come before me,generation upon generation.
Today I will savor the taste of grapes from these vines and verily I will swallow the seed of success buried in each and new life will sprout within me.
The career I have chosen is laden with opportunity yet it is fraught with heartbreak and despair and the bodies of those who have failed, were they piled one atop another, would cast a shadow down upon all the pyramids of the earth.
Yet I will not fail, as the others, for in my hands I now hold the charts which will guide through perilous waters to shores which only yesterday seemed but a dream.
Failure no longer will be my payment for struggle. Just as nature made no provision for my body to tolerate pain neither has it made any provision for my life to suffer failure. Failure, like pain, is alien to my life. In the past I accepted it as I accepted pain. Now I reject it and I am prepared for wisdom and principles which will guide me out of the shadows into the sunlight of wealth, position, and happiness far beyond my most extravagant dreams until even the golden apples in the Garden of Hesperides will seem no more than my just reward.
Time teaches all things to him who lives forever but I have not the luxury of eternity. Yet within my allotted time I must practice the art of patience for nature acts never in haste. To create the olive, king of all trees, a hundred years is required. An onion plant is old in nine weeks. I have lived as an onion plant. It has not pleased me. Now I wouldst become the greatest of olive trees and, in truth, the greatest of salesman.
And how will this be accomplished? For I have neither the knowledge nor the experience to achieve the greatness and already I have stumbled in ignorance and fallen into pools of self-pity. The answer is simple. I will commence my journey unencumbered with either the weight of unnecessary knowledge or the handicap of meaningless experience. Nature already has supplied me with knowledge and instinct far greater than any beast in the forest and the value of experience is overrated, usually by old men who nod wisely and speak stupidly.
In truth, experience teaches thoroughly yet her course of instruction devours men's years so the value of her lessons diminishes with the time necessary to acquire her special wisdom. The end finds it wasted on dead men. Furthermore, experience is comparable to fashion; an action that proved successful today will be unworkable and impractical tomorrow.
Only principles endure and these I now possess, for the laws that will lead me to greatness are contained in the words of these scrolls. What they will teach me is more to prevent failure than to gain success, for what is success other than a state of mind? Which two, among a thouand wise men, will define success in the same words; yet failure is always described but one way. Failure is man's inability to reach his goals in life, whatever they may be.
In truth, the only difference between those who have failed and those who have successed lies in the difference of their habits. Good habits are the key to all success. Bad habits are the unlocked door to failure. Thus, the first law I will obey, which precedeth all others is --I will form good habits and become their slave.
As a child I was slave to my impulses; now I am slave to my habits, as are all grown men. I have surrendered my free will to the years of accumulated habits and the past deeds of my life have already marked out a path which threatens to imprison my future. My actions are ruled by appetite, passion, prejudice, greed, love, fear, environment, habit, and the worst of these tyrants is habit. Therefore, if I must be a slave to habit let me be a slave to good habits. My bad habits must be destroyed and new furrows prepared for good seed.
I will form good habits and become their slave.
And how will I accomplish this difficult feat? Through these scrolls, it will be done, for each scroll contains a principle which will drive a bad habit from my life and replace it with one which will bring me closer to success. For it is another of nature's laws that only a habit can subdue another habit. So, in order for these written words to perform their chosen task, I must discipline myself with the first of my new habits which is as follows:
I will read each scroll for thirty days in this prescribed manner, before I proceed to the next scroll.
First, I will read the words in silence when I arise. Then, I will read the words in silence after I have partaken of my midday meal. Last, I will read the words again just before I retire at day's end, and most important, on this occasion I will read the words aloud.
On the next day I will repeat this procedure, and I will continue in like manner for thirty days. Then, I will turn to the next scroll and repeat this procedure for another thirty days. I will continue in this manner until I have lived with each scroll for thirty days and my reading has become habit.
And what will be accomplished with this habit? Herein lies the hidden secret of all man's accomplishments. As I repeat the words daily they will soon become a part of my active mind, but more important, they will also seep into my other mind, that mysterious source which never sleeps, which creates my dreams, and often makes me act in ways I do not comprehend.
As the words of these scrolls are consumed by my mysterious mind I will begin to awake, each morning, with a vitality I have never known before. My vigor will increase, my enthusiasm will rise, my desire to meet the world will overcome every fear I once knew at sunrise, and I will be happier than I ever believed it possible to be in this world of strife and sorrow.
Eventually I will find myself reacting to all situations which confront me as I was commanded in the scrolls to react, and soon these actions and reactions will become easy to perform, for any act with practice becomes easy.
Thus a new and good habit is born, for when an act becomes easy through constant repetiton it becomes a pleasure to perform and if it is a pleasure to perform it is man's nature to perform it often. When I perform it often it becomes a habit and I become its slave and since it is a good habit this is my will.
Today I begin a new life.
And I make a solemn oath to myself that nothing will retard my new life's growth. I will lose not a day from these readings for that day cannot be retrieved nor can I substitute another for it. I must not , I will not, break this habit of daily reading from these scrolls and, in truth, the few moments spent each day on this new habit are but a small price to pay for the happiness and success that will be mine.
As I read and re-read the words in the scrolls to follow, never will I allow the brevity of each scroll nor the simplicity of its words to cause me to treat the scroll's message lightly. Thousands of grapes are pressed to fill one jar with wine, and the grapeskin and pulp are tossed to the birds. So it is with these grapes of wisdom from the ages. Much has been filtered and tossed to the the pure truth lies distilled in the words to come. I will drink as instructed and spill not a drop. And the seed of success I will swallow.
Today my old skin has become as dust. I will walk tall among men and they will know me not , for today I am a new man, with a new life.
今天,我爬出满是失败创伤的老茧。
今天,我重新来到这个世上,我出生在葡萄园中,国内的葡萄任人享用。
今天,我要从最高最密的藤上摘下智慧的果实,这葡萄藤是好几代前的智者种下的。
今天,我要品尝葡萄的美味,还要吞下每一位成功的种子,让新生命在我心里萌牙。
我选择的道路充满机遇,也有辛酸与绝望.失败的同伴数不胜数,叠在一起,比金字塔还高。
然而,我不会像他们一样失败,因为我手中持有航海图,可以领我越过汹涌的大海,抵达梦中的彼岸.
失败不再是我奋斗的代价.它和痛苦都将从我的生命中消失。失败和我,就像水火一样,互不相容。我不再像过去一样接受它们。我要在智慧的指引下,走出失败的阴影,步入富足、健康、快乐的乐园,这些都超出了我以往的梦想. 我要是能长生不老,就可以学到一切,但我不能永生,所以,在有限的人生里,我必须学会忍耐的艺术,因为大自然的行为一向是从容不迫的.造物主创造树中之王橄摊树需要一百年的时间,而洋葱经过短短的九个星期就会枯老.我不留恋从前那种洋葱式的生活,我要成为万树之王——橄榄树,成为现实生活中最伟大的推销员.
怎么可能?我既没有渊博的知识,又没有丰富的经验,况且,我曾一度跌入愚昧与自怜的深渊.答案很简单。我不会让所谓的知识或者经验妨碍我的行程.造物生已经赐予我足够的知识和本能,这份天赋是其它生物望尘莫及的。经验的价值往往被高估了,人老的时候开口讲的多是糊涂话.说实在的,经验确实能教给我们很多东西,只是这需要花费太长的时间.等到人们获得智慧的时候,其价值已随着时间的消逝而减少了.结果往往是这样,经验丰富了,人也余生无多.经验和时尚有关,适合某一时代的行为,并不寻味着在今天仍然行得通。
只有原则是持久的,而我现在正拥有了这些原则.这些可以指引我走向成功的原则全写在这几张羊皮卷里.它教我如何避免失败,而不只是获得成功,因为成功更是一种精神状态.人们对于成功的定义,见仁见智,而失败却往往只有一种解释:失败就是一个人没能达到他的人生目标,不论这些目标是什么。
事实上,成功与失败的最大分野,来自不同的习惯。好习惯是开启成员的钥匙,坏习惯则是一扇向失败敞开的门。因此,我首先要做的`便是养成良好的习惯,全心全意去实行。
小时候.我常会感情用事,长大成人了,我要用良好的习惯代替一时的冲动。我的自由意志屈服于多年养成的恶习,它们威胁着我的前途。我的行为受到品味、情感、偏见、欲望、爱、恐惧、环境和习惯的影响,其中最厉害的就是习惯。因此.如果我必须受习惯支配的话,那就让我受好习惯的支配。那些坏习惯必须戒除,我要在新的田地里播种好的种子。 我要养成良好的习惯,全心全意去实行。
这不是轻而易举的事情,要怎样才能做到呢,靠这些羊皮卷就能做到。因为每~卷里都写着一个原则,可以摒除—项坏习惯,换取一个好习惯,使人进步,走向成功。这也是自然法则之一,只有一种习惯才能抑制另一种习惯。所以,为了走好我选择的道路,我必须养成的第一个习惯
每张羊皮卷用三十天的时间阅读,然后再进人下一卷。 清晨即起,默默诵读;午饭之后,再次默读;夜晚睡前,高声朗读。
第二天的情形完全一样。这样重复三十天后,就可以打开下一卷了。每一卷都依照同样的方法读上三十天,久而久之,它们就成为一种习惯了。
这些习惯有什么好处呢?这里隐含着人类成功的秘诀。当我每天重复这些话的时候,它何成了我精神活动的一部分,更重要的是,它们渗入我的心灵。拥是个神秘的世界,永不静止,创造梦境,在不知不觉中影响我的行为。
当这些羊皮卷上的文字,被我奇妙的心灵完全吸收之后,我每天都会充满活力地醒来。我从来没有这样精力充沛过。我更有活力,更有热情,要向世界挑战的欲望克服了一切恐惧与不安。在这个充满争斗和悲伤的世界里,我竟然比以前更快活。 最后,我会发现自己有了应付一切情况的办法。不久,这些办法就能运用自如.因为,任何方法,只要多练习,就会变得简单易行。
经过多次重复,一种看似复杂的行为就变得轻而易举,实行起来,就会有无限的乐趣,有了乐趣,出于人之天性,我就更乐意常去实行。于是,一种好的习惯便诞生了.习惯成为自然。既是一种好的习惯,也就是我的意原。
今天,我天始新的生活.
我郑重地发誓,绝不让任何事情妨碍我新生命的成长。在阅读这些羊卷的时候,我绝不浪费一天的时间,因为时光一去不返,失去的日子是无法弥补的。我也绝不打破每天阅读的习惯。事实上,每天在这些新习惯上花费少许时间,相对于可能获得的愉乐与成功而言,只是微不足道的代价。 当我阅读羊皮卷中的字句时,绝不能出为文字的精炼而忽视内容的深沉。一瓶葡萄美酒需要千百颗果子酿制而成,果皮和渣子抛给小鸟。葡萄的智慧代代相传,有些被过滤,有些被淘汰,随风飘逝。只有纯正的真理才是永恒的。它们就精炼在我要阅读的文字中。我要依照指示,绝不浪费,饮下成功的种子。
今天,我的老茧化为尘埃。我在人群中昂首阔步,不会有人认出我来,因为我不再是过去的自己、我已拥有新的生命。
1、 pain past is pleasure.
过去的痛苦就是快乐。[无论多么艰难一定要咬牙冲过去,将来回忆起来一定甜蜜无比。]
2、 while there is life, there is hope.
有生命就有希望/留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。
3、 wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.
脑中有知识,胜过手中有金钱。[从小灌输给孩子的坚定信念。]
4、 storms make trees take deeper roots.
风暴使树木深深扎根。[感激敌人,感激挫折!]
5、 nothing is impossible for a willing heart.
心之所愿,无所不成。[坚持一个简单的信念就一定会成功。]
6、 the shortest answer is doing.
最简单的回答就是干。[想说流利的英语吗?那么现在就开口!心动不如嘴动。]
7、all things are difficult before they are easy.
凡事必先难后易。[放弃投机取巧的幻想。]
8、great hopes make great man.
伟大的理想造就伟大的人。
9、god helps those who help themselves.
天助自助者。
10、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.
四个简短的词汇概括了成功的秘诀:多一点点!
[比别人多一点努力、多一点自律、多一点决心、多一点反省、多一点学习、多一点实践、多一点疯狂,多一点点就能创造奇迹!]
11、in doing we learn.
实践长才干。
12、 east or west, home is best.
东好西好,还是家里最好。
13、two heads are better than one.
三个臭皮匠,顶个诸葛亮。
14、good company on the road is the shortest cut.
行路有良伴就是捷径。
15、constant dropping wears the stone.
滴水穿石。
16、misfortunes never come alone/single.
祸不单行。
17、misfortunes tell us what fortune is.
不经灾祸不知福。
18、better late than never.
迟做总比不做好;晚来总比不来好。
19、it's never too late to mend.
过而能改,善莫大焉;亡羊补牢,犹未晚也。
20、if a thing is worth doing it is worth doing well.
如果事情值得做,就值得做好。
21、nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.
无热情成就不了伟业。
22、actions speak louder than words.
行动比语言更响亮。
23、lifeless, faultless.
只有死人才不犯错误。
24、from small beginning come great things.
伟大始于渺小。
25、one today is worth two tomorrows.
一个今天胜似两个明天。
26、truth never fears investigation.
事实从来不怕调查。
27、the tongue is boneless but it breaks bones.
舌无骨却能折断骨。
28、a bold attempt is half success.
勇敢的尝试是成功的一半。
29、knowing something of everything and everything of something.
通百艺而专一长。[疯狂咬舌头]
30、good advice is beyond all price.
忠告是无价宝。
在大学阶段应培养学生从一个更高的角度去理解和欣赏 文章 ,深入体会其中的乐趣和妙处。下面是我带来的中英文对照短篇文章,欢迎阅读!中英文对照短篇文章精选 Keep Your Goals in Sight莫让目标太遥远 Then she looked ahead, Florence Chadwick saw nothing but a solid wall of fog. Her body was numb. She had been swimming for nearly sixteen hours. 佛罗伦斯·查德成克向前方望去,除了绵延无尽的大雾,她什么也看不到。她一直在 游泳 ,已经游了几乎 16个小时,身体都麻木了。 Already she was the first woman to swim the English Channel in both directions. Now, at age 34, her goal was to become the first woman to swim from Catalina Island to the California coast. 在那之前,她已经是第一位从两个方向游过英吉利海峡的女子。现在,她已经34岁了,她的目标是要成为第一个从卡达琳纳岛游到加利福尼亚海岸的女子。 On that Fourth of July morning in 1952, the sea was like an ice bath and the fog was so dense she could hardly see her support boats. Sharks cruised toward her lonely figure, only to be driven away rifle shots. Against the frigid grip of the sea, she struggled on - hour after hour while millions watched on national television. 1952年 7月 4日的那个早晨,大海就像一个冰浴盆,雾是那么浓,她甚至连救援她的船只都看不到。主E鱼游向她孤单的身躯,只能靠来复枪来击退。她迎向冰冷的海水,努力向前游,就这样一小时一小时过去了;无数观众则坐在电视机前观看这一情景。 Alongside Florence in one of the boats, her mother and her trainer offered encouragement. They told her it wasn't much farther. But all she could see was fog. They urged her not to quit. She never had … until then. With only a half mile to go, she asked to be pulled out. 在佛罗伦斯旁边的一艘船里,她母亲和她的教练不断地鼓励她。他们告诉她离海岸已经不远了,然而除雾以外,她却什么也看不到。他们激励她不要放弃,事实上,她一直在坚持,然而在距离目的地只有半英里的时候,她却要求,将她拖出水面。 Still thawing her chilled body several hour later,she told a reporter, " Look, I'm not excusing myself, but if I could have seen land I might have made it." It was not fatigue or even the cold water that defeated her. It was the fog She was unable to see her goal. 几个小时后,她一边暖着身体,一边对着记者说怎么说呢,我不是为自己找借口,但如果我能看见陆地的话,我会成功的。"瞧,在这次游泳中,击败她的不是劳累和冰冷的海水,而是雾。因为有雾,她根本看不到自己的目标。 Two months later, she tried again This time, despite the same dense fog, she swam with her faith intact and her goal clearly pictured in her mind. She knew that somewhere behind that fog was land and this time she made it! Florence Chadwick became the first woman to swim the Catalina Channel, eclipsing the men's record by two hours! 两个月后,她又试着游了一次。这一次,尽管雾还是那样浓,但她始终带着必胜的信念,头脑中始终有一个清楚的目标,她知道雾后面的某个地方就是陆地,这一次她成功了!佛罗伦斯·查德成克最终成为第一个游过卡达琳纳海峡的女子,并且以快两个小时的速度打破了男子游过该海峡的记录,这让男子记录黯然失色。 中英文对照短篇 文章阅读 You Inner Passion in Your Heart你心中永远的激情 Everyone -every person in this world has a Dream: a passion, a vision in their life that pulls them and urges them to move forward in life. You, my friend have this vision within you, it "whispers" to you occasionally, but in some cases it cries out. It cries out to be listened to and acted upon because this vision comes from your soul. 每个人——这个世界上的每一个人都有一个梦想:一种激情,一种他们对生活的渴望,就是这个渴望椎动着他们向前。你,我的朋友,在你的内心深处也有一种这样的渴望,它会时而轻声向你呼唤,但有时,它会大声呼喊出来,以便唤起你的醒觉,因为这种渴望来自你的灵魂。 Within this "Inner Vision" there lies the magic of living your life with passion, fulfillment and purpose. This means being true to who you really are -and living your life on purpose with all the passion and energy you are capable of living. 在这个心灵深处的渴望中隐藏着在激情、实现自我,以及梦想中生活的魔力。它意味着做一个真实的你,在你所能挥展的激情和能量下朝你的梦想努力。 When you live within your inner passions -you'll never have to seek approval from others -you'll chart your own course" and be the master of your own destiny. More importantly, you'll feel whole, connected and inspired. 当你生活在你内心深处的激情中时,你不必寻求他人的赞同,你能够画出你自己的蓝图,并成为你命运的主宰。更重要的是,你会感觉到一个完整,不孤独,有激情的你。 Find your inner fire, your sense of purpose; this fire will help you harness strengths you're not even aware you have. Be connected with your inner passions -your Life's Dreams, and live that passion every day. 找到你内心深处的永不熄灭的火花——你生活的梦想;这火花会帮助你塑造出你从未意识到你曾拥有的强大力量。拥抱你内心深处的激情——你生活的梦想,每天都生活在那激情吧! 中英文对照短篇文章学习 The Sense of Humor幽默的意义 The story goes that a certain court went too far one day and insulted his king. The king became so infuriated he sentenced the jester to be executed. His court prayed upon the king to have mercy for the man who had served him well for so many years. After a time, the king relented only enough to give the jester his choice as to how he would like to die. The jester replied, "If it' s all the same to you, my Lord, I'd like to die of old age." Certainly in this case, a good sense of humor saved the man' s life. 这是关于一个宫廷小丑的 故事 。这天,他故事讲的有点儿过头,得罪了国王。国王非常恼怒,下令将其处死。他的同伴求情,希望国王能够饶过这个月民侍他多年的人。后来,国王有些心软了,但只是让他,选择如何死而已。小丑回答说怪下,如采您不反对的话,我愿意老死。"无庸质疑,出色的幽默感救了这个人的性命。 It' s true for us as well. We may not be faced with a situation where our wit will save us from an execution, but our sense of humor and the ability to laugh at things has proven health benefits that extend and improve our quality of life. 对我们来说,幽默感同样重要。我们可能不会遇到用智慧来使我们免于处死的情况,但是幽默感和笑对人生的能力却可以促进身体健康,提高生活质量。 Norman Cousins, in his book Anatomy of an Illness , wrote about how he cured himself of cancer by laughing a good part of each day. He rented films of comedies and watched them for hours on end in his hospital room. He had nothing to lose since he' d been diagnosed as terminal. 诺曼·库辛在他的名为《解剖疾病》的书中记录了他如何通过每天大笑一段时间来治愈癌症的故事。他租了一些喜剧电影,然后在病房里连续看上几个小时。自从被诊断出癌症晚期之后,他对死亡淡然处之。 His "experiment" turned out to be a classic example of the healing powers of laughter. If it worked for Cousins with a life-threatening illness, it can work for us to enhance and protect our health. We should laugh often and heartily. It's good for our body. 他的这个"试验"成为证明大笑的治疗作用的经典例子。如采幽默对这位面临着死亡危险的库辛起作用的话,那么幽默也会促进和保护我们的健康。我们应该经常大笑,而且是发自内心地大笑,这对我们的健康有好处。
论文参考文献中的J代表期刊,是Journal的缩写;M代表专著,是Monograph的缩写;D代表学位论文,是Degree的缩写。
文献类型标识在写论文的时候很常见,为了大家能够更流畅地写好一篇好的论文和运用参考文献,我们一起来看看文献的类型标识有哪些吧。
目录:
一、文献类型标识介绍
二、常见的文献类型标识
三、文献类型标识的格式
一、文献类型标识介绍
文献类型标识是标示各种参考文献类型的符号。参考文献的著录应执行GB 7714-87《文后参考文献著录规则》及《中国学术期刊(光盘版)检索与评价数据规范》的规定,论文著者应用以下文献类型标示码,将自己引用的各种参考文献的类型及载体类型标示出来。根据GB 3469-83《文献类型与文献载体代码》规定,常用文献类型以单字母标识,电子文献以双字母标识。
二、常见的文献类型标识
1.常用文献类型用单字母标识,具体如下:
(1)期刊[J](journal)
(2)专著[M](monograph)
(3)论文集[C](collected papers)
(4)学位论文[D](dissertation)
(5)专利[P](patent)
(6)技术标准[S](standardization)
(7)报纸[N](newspaper article)
(8)科技报告[R](report)
(9)会议文献[C] (conference)
2.电子文献载体类型用双字母标识,具体如下:
(1)磁带[MT](magnetic tape)
(2)磁盘[DK](disk)
(3)光盘[CD](CD-ROM)
(4)联机网络[OL](online)
3.专著、论文集中的析出文献[A];
其他未说明的文献类型[Z]。
三、文献类型标识的格式
1.期刊:著者.题名[J].刊名,出版年,卷(期)∶起止页码
2.专著:著者.书名[M].版本(第一版不录).出版地∶出版者,出版年∶起止页码
3.论文集:著者.题名.编者.论文集名[C].出版地∶出版者,出版年∶起止页码
4.学位论文:著者.题名[D].保存地点.保存单位.年份
5.专利:题名[P].国别.专利文献种类.专利号.出版日期
6.技术标准:编号.标准名称[S]
7.报纸:著者.题名[N].报纸名.出版日期(版次)
8.科技报告:著者.题名[R].保存地点.年份
9.电子文献:著者.题名[电子文献类型标识/载体类型标识].文献出处(出版者或可获得网址),发表或更新日期/引用日期(任选)
10.专著、论文集中的析出文献:论文著者.论文题名[A].论文集编者(任选). 论文集题名[C].出版地:出版者,出版年∶起止页码
11.其他未说明的文献类型:著者.题名[Z].出版地∶出版者,出版年∶起止页码
外文文献引文及参考文献中的论文排序方式和中文文献基本相同;书名及刊名用斜体字,期刊文章题名用双引号;是否列出文献类型标识号及著作页码(论文必须列出首尾页码)可任选;出版年份一律列于句尾或页码之前(不用年份排序法)。外文文献一定要用外文原文表述(也可在原文题名之后的括号内附上中文译文),切忌仅用中文表达外文原义。
在写论文的时候,如果有引用,一定的正确标注文献来源,不标注就很可能会侵权,所以大家要对文献类型标识很熟悉,在写参考文献时格式也要正确,这样才能使一篇优秀的论文更加完美。
.(Bachelor of Science)学士Master degree 硕士学位:大致分以下几种: 第一种:(master of science科学硕士).第二种:(master of engineering.工程硕士).第三种.MBA.工商管理硕士Doctor degree 博士学位 (一般就是指一种即:哲学博士.包括工科.理科等)学位 (Degrees, Academic Degrees): 授予个人的一种学术称号或学术性荣誉称号,表示其受教育的程度或在某一学科领域里已经达到的水平,或是表彰其在某一领域中所做出的杰出贡献。由具备授予资格的高等学校、科学研究机构或国家授权的其它学术机构、审定机构授予。学位称号终身享有。 起源于欧洲中世纪。专业技术人员拥有何种学位,表明他具有何种学术水平或专业知识学习资历,象征着一定的身份。现代国家的学位一般分为学士、硕士、博士这3个等级。“博士后”指的是获准进入博士后科研流动站从事科学研究工作的博士学位获得者,它不是一种学位,将博士后看成是一种高于博士的学位,是对我国学位制度的一种误解。学士学位由国务院授权高等学校授予,硕士学位、博士学位由国务院授予的高等学校和科研机构授予。高等学校本科毕业生,成绩优良,达到规定的学术水平者,授予学士学位;高等学校和科研机构的研究生,或具有研究生毕业同等学历的人员,通过硕士(博士)学位的课程考试和论文答辩,成绩合格,达到规定的学术水平者,授予硕士(博士)学位。授予学位的高等学校和科学研究机构,在学位评定委员会做出授予学位的决议后,发给学位获得者相应的学位证书。
①:(master of science科学硕士).
②:(master of engineering.工程硕士).
③.MBA.工商管理硕士
第一种:(master of science科学硕士).
第二种:(master of engineering.工程硕士).
第三种.MBA.工商管理硕士
1、学士学位英文缩写
2、硕士学位Master degree 分为三种:
(master of science科学硕士).
(master of engineering.工程硕士).
MBA.工商管理硕士
3、博士学位英文缩写
扩展资料:
现代国家的学位一般分为学士、硕士、博士这3个等级。“博士后”指的是获准进入博士后科研流动站从事科学研究工作的博士学位获得者,它不是一种学位,将博士后看成是一种高于博士的学位,是对我国学位制度的一种误解。
学位 (Degrees, Academic Degrees): 授予个人的一种学力称号或学术性荣誉称号,表示其受教育的程度或在某一学科领域里已经达到的学力水平,或是表彰其在某一领域中所做出的杰出贡献(荣誉学位)。
由具备授予资格的高等学校、科学研究机构或国家授权的其它学术机构、审定机构授予。学位称号终身享有。 起源于欧洲中世纪。专业技术人员拥有何种学位,表明他具有何种学力水平或专业知识学习资历,象征着一定的身份。
参考资料:百度百科-学位
将论文中重复率高的某段复制到翻译器中。中英翻译互换法则是现将论文中重复率高的某段复制到翻译器中,翻译成英文,再将英文翻译成中文,这样也可以达到有效降重的左右。
没有的,要用专门的外文文献检索网才可以
1、在知网官网搜索主题、关键词、题名等信息。
以搜索 Journalism 为例,可以看见搜索后有中文文献,也有英文文献,并且会显示数据库来源。
2、点击【外文文献】,就可以看到搜索词下的全部外文文献。
以 Journalism 为主题搜索下的外文文献截图。
3、知网可以自动识别中英文对应搜索内容。
以 新闻 为主题搜索下的外文文献截图。
方法二:
运用 CNKI学术搜索 。
中国知网与世界100多家国际出版社达成合作,整合出版了数百个重要的学术数据库,3亿多篇中外文文献。 比如爱思唯尔(Elsevier)。
1、在主页进行搜索,点击【全文获取】。
2、点击 Get Access ,可以看到数据库该文章是否免费开放下载权限,可以通过 Check Access 或者单独付费获得文章。
中国知网知识发现网络平台—面向海内外读者提供中国学术文献、外文文献、学位论文、报纸、会议、年鉴、工具书等各类资源统一检索、统一导航、在线阅读和下载服务。
中国知网即中国国家知识基础设施,是在教育部、中共中央宣传部、科技部、国家新闻出版广电总局、国家计委的大力支持下,由清华大学和清华同方发起,以实现全社会知识资源传播共享与增值利用为目标,始建于1999年6月的知识信息化建设项目。
上面的中文是文章摘要,摘要是中英文都要的。下面全英文的是论文正文,正文要求是全英文的。
1、学术论文英文参考文献标注格式
按照现行规定,学术期刊中论文参考文献的标注采用顺序编码制,即在文内的引文处按引用文献在论文中出现的先后顺序以阿拉伯数字连续编码,序号置于方括号内。同一文献在一文中被反复引用者,用同一序号标示。这一规定使得所列文献简洁明了,应该引起论文作者注意。
英文参考文献和中文参考文献一样,按在文中出现的先后顺序与中文文献混合连续编码着录;英文文献用印刷体;英文书名、期刊名和报纸名等用斜体;所列项目及次序与中文文献相同,但文献类型可不标出;忌用中文叙述英文。其格式为:
专着、论文集、学位论文、报告-[序号]主要责任者。文献题名。出版地:出版者,出版年。起止页码(任选)。
示例:[1]Day,C.,Veen, Walraven,G. Children and youth at risk and urban education. Research,policy and prac-tice. Leuven/Apeldoorn:Garant. 1997.
期刊文章-[序号]主要责任者。文献题名。刊名,年,卷(期):起止页码。
示例:[2] Driessen,G.,& Van der Grinten,M. Home language proficiency in the Netherland:The evaluation of Turkish andMoroccan bilingual programmes- A critical review,Studies in Educational Evaluation,1994,20(3):365- 386.
论文集中的析出文献-[序号]析出文献主要责任者。析出文献题名。原文献主要责任者(任选)。原文献题名。出版地:出版者,出版年。析出文献起止页码。
示例:[3] Driessen,G.,Mulder,L.,& Jungbluth,P. Structural and cultural determinants of educational opportunities in theNetherlands. In (Ed.),Root and migration in global perspective. Jerusalem:Magnes . 104.[5]
报纸文章-[序号]主要责任者。文献题名。报纸名,出版日期(版次)。
示例:[4] Lgnatieff,M. Keeping an old flame burning brightly. The Guardian,1998- 12- 20(12)。
电子文献-[序号]主要责任者。电子文献题名。电子文献的出处或可获得的地址,发表或更新日期。
示例:[5] Baboescu,F. Algorithms for fast packet classification. .
2、关于英文人名的标注
现行编排规范对英文人名如何标注未作明确要求,英文人名的标注较为混乱,有标注全名的,有标注时将名缩写、姓不缩写、保持原来顺序的,还有在姓、名之间加圆点的,后者是我国翻译作品中,中文书写外国人名经常采用的一种方式。
其实,标注英文人名是有章可循的,在国外学术着作的参考文献中,关于人名的标注已约定俗成为一种统一的格式,即英文参考文献标注作者姓名时,要求姓在前、名在后,姓与名之间用逗号隔开,姓的词首字母大写,其余字母不大写;名用词首大写字母表示,后加缩写符号圆点。
缩写符号不可省略。由于欧美国家人的姓名排列一般是名在前、姓在后,在标注时必须加以调整。如Georg Paghet Thomson,前面两个词是名,最后一个词是姓,应标注为Thomson,G. P
3、关于英文参考文献发表(出版)时间标注到年的问题
发表(出版)时间是参考文献的一项重要内容,标示引用文献发表的历史时间位置,是判断引用文献新旧的一个根据,不可遗漏。国外学术论着中参考文献的发表(出版)时间标注到年,这与我国学术论着中参考文献的标注规定相同。
国外学术论着中参考文献的发表(出版)时间的标注位置有标注在作者后的情况,并加圆括号,这是因为采用了“着者-出版年”制。我国学术期刊编排规范参考文献的标注采用“顺序编码”制,发表(出版)时间标注靠后,如示例[1]、[3],应按此要求标注为是。
4、英文析出文献名和原文献名的标注
由于现行编排规范对英文析出文献和原文献的标注书写要求不够明确,目前有把析出文献名排成斜体,而把原文献名(论文集名或期刊名等)排成正体的情况。
这种标注方式是不对的,混淆了析出文献名和原文献名的效力,正确的编排要求与此相反,国外的普遍作法与我国学者的论述[4]要求一致,因此这一现象值得编辑同行注意。
英文书名在英文文章中出现有排成斜体的习惯,论文集名、期刊名或报纸名与书名效力相同,故排成斜体,析出文献名相当于书中的章节标题,不具有书名的分量,故不可排成斜体。
在标注原文献名及作者时,原文献多指论文集或与之类似的着作,英文标注习惯上在编着者名前加词首字母大写的介词In,作者姓名前后次序不作调整,名缩写为词首大写字母,后加缩写符号圆点,姓完整标出,不缩写。
作者后加编者一词的缩写形式及缩写符号圆点,词首字母大写,外加圆括号,如标注为In S. Weil(Ed.),如示例[3].然后斜体标注原文献题名,后加注出版年,起至页码的缩写形式pp.和析出文献的起至页码。
当原文献有两位或两位以上作者时,作者姓名同上述情况一样,前后次序不作调整,分别标出,编者一词缩写用复数形式Eds.,如In L. Eedering,& P. Leseman(Eds.)。
文献类型不宜标出。文献类型是我国编排规范制定的标注要求,国外并未采用。在中文中标注醒目、自然,在英文中此一项目的标注容易产生误解和干扰。
如果是为方便计算机在检索或统计时辨识,是技术上的要求,那么就应当统一要求标注,从“可不标出”来看,尚未有技术上的要求。因而,文献类型在英文参考文献中不作标注为妥。
5、出版地和出版社(商)的标注
出版地和出版社(商)是参考文献的重要内容,标示版权信息,不可遗漏或省略。我国一部着作一般由一家出版社负责出版发行,出版地一般也就比较明确为出版社所在的城市。
国外情况就比较复杂了,由于市场经济高度成熟,语言通用程度高,着作权被普遍保护等原因,一部着作可能由不止一家出版社(商)合作出版发行,出版地也可能在不同国家的不同城市。
当出版地有两处或两处以上、出版社(商)有两个或两个以上时,应当一一标出,中间用斜杠分开。如Amsterdam/Philadephia:Ben-jamins,又如Den Haag:Sdu/DOP出版地一般是出版社(商)所在的城市,标注城市名,不可标注为国家名。
扩展资料:
英语论文的写作技巧:
—、依据学术方向进行选题。论文写作的价值,关键在于能够解决特定行业的特定问题,特别是在学术方面的论文更是如此。因此,论文选择和提炼标题的技巧之一,就是依据学术价值进行选择提炼。
二、依据兴趣爱好进行选题。论文选择和提炼标题的技巧之二,就是从作者的爱好和兴趣出发,只有选题符合作者兴趣和爱好,作者平日所积累的资料才能得以发挥效用,语言应用等方面也才能熟能生巧。
三、依据掌握的文献资料进行选题。文献资料是支撑、充实论文的基础,同时更能体现论文所研究的方向和观点,因而,作者从现有文献资料出发,进行选题和提炼标题,即成为第三大技巧。
四、从小从专进行选题。所谓从小从专,即是指软文撰稿者在进行选则和提炼标题时,要从专业出发,从小处入手进行突破,切记全而不专,大而空洞。
参考资料来源:百度百科-英语论文
英文论文格式要求及字体大小
论文既是探讨问题进行学术研究的一种手段,又是描述学术研究成果进行学术交流的一种工具。下面是我帮大家整理的英文论文格式要求及字体大小,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。
一、论文的题目要求
1、论文题目以最恰当、最简明的词语反映论文中最重要的特定内容的逻辑组合,并有助于选定关键词和编制目录
2、论文题目不能用缩略词、首字母缩略词、字符、代号和公式等
3、论文题目一般不超过20个字
4、论文题目语义未尽可用副标题补充说明
二、论文摘要的要求
应具有独立性和自含性,是一篇完整的短文,它说明论文的主要思想、结构框架,或研究工作的目的、实验方法、结果和最终结论
三、论文的关键词
每篇论文必须选中3--5个中、英文关键词,以显著的'字符另起一行,排在其对应摘要的左下方,中文关键词尽可能用《汉语主题词表》等词表提到的规范词
四、论文的字体及字号格式
1、英文统一使用Microsoft Word软件中的Times New Roman字体,所用中文使用“宋体”字体
2、内封大标题使用“粗体三号字”,内封其他信息使用“粗体四号字”
3、正文大标题使用“粗体小三号字”,章节标题使用“粗体四号字”
4、正文使用字体为 Times New Roma,大小为12 font(也就是小四)“小四号字”,正文中成段的引文使用“五号字”
5、行距 为 或 2倍 行距,段与段之间需要空一行
6、对齐方式为左对齐 或者 两侧对齐(总之,左起必须顶格)
7、Reference(参考文献)必须另起一页,且不计入文章字数
论文中英文字体格式如下:
1、字体为Times New Roma,大小为12 font(也就是小四)。
2、行距 为或2倍行距,段与段之间需要空一行。
3、对齐方式为左对齐或者两侧对齐(总之,左起必须顶格)。
4、Reference(参考文献)必须另起一页,且不计入文章字数。
论文格式是指进行论文写作时的样式要求,以及写作标准。直观地说,论文格式就是论文达到可公之于众的标准样式和内容要求。论文常用来进行科学研究和描述科研成果文章。
它既是探讨问题进行科学研究的一种手段,又是描述科研成果进行学术交流的一种工具。它包括学年论文、毕业论文、学位论文、科技论文、成果论文等,总称为论文。
论文一般由题名、作者、目录、摘要、关键词、正文、参考文献和附录等部分组成,其中部分组成(例如附录)可有可无。论文各组成的排序为:题名、作者、摘要、关键词、英文题名、英文摘要、英文关键词、正文、参考文献、附录和致谢。
英文论文标准的格式:
1、论文题目:(下附署名)要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。
2、目录
目录是论文中主要段落的简表。(短篇论文不必列目录)
3、内容提要:是文章主要内容的摘录,要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字,多不超过三百字为宜。
4、关键词或主题词
关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的,是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作计算机系统标引论文内容特征的词语,便于信息系统汇集,以供读者检索。
每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词,另起一行,排在提要的左下方。
主题词是经过规范化的词,在确定主题词时,要对论文进行主题分析,依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。(参见《汉语主题词表》和《世界汉语主题词表》)。
5、论文正文:
(1)引言:引言又称前言、序言和导言,用在论文的开头。 引言一般要概括地写出作者意图,说明选题的目的和意义, 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。
(2)论文正文:正文是论文的主体,正文应包括论点、论据、 论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容:
a.提出问题-论点;
b.分析问题-论据和论证;
c.解决问题-论证方法与步骤;
d.结论。
6、参考文献