我是一名选矿工程师,如果你是选矿的学生,那你将来也要成为一名选矿工程师。凭我短短工作的经验来看,你还是自己写比较好。你毕业论文是褐铁矿的选矿工艺研究,肯定是有相应的试样来做实验。毕业论文要答辩,问你的问题如果不是自己做的实验是完全不能给出自己的回答和结论的。我只能给你一个提纲,在根据你导师的要求去完善。第一,如果是地下直接取来的岩心样的话,说明试样来自哪里,哪里的地理位置(如果用某地,那你自己斟酌),相关的地理材料,如果是从选厂来的试样,说明选厂情况。第二,试样性质,包括多元素分析,粒度分析,物相分析,有岩矿鉴定或者工艺矿物学报告更好(就是表格),给出自己对矿样性质的结论,这个是知道试验方案的依据。第三,你的试验方案,准备采用什么方法,用什么工艺来做试验,准备达到什么样的目的(磁-重,磁-重-浮等)。第四,你提出几个方案,就要有几个方案的结果,这个是必须的,只有经过比较,才能得出好的结果。(包括你的工艺流程,数质量流程图,回收率,药剂用量表等)。采用经过比较的方案,给出自己的结论。第五,总结,终结方案的优缺点,适用性,工业生产的可行性,选矿成本,效益等。如果需要还要加上选矿试样是怎么制备的,总试验的指标等。我相信选矿可行性研究教科书上写的很明白。如果你明白了试验的流程和方法,比一篇论文更重要,至少你出来第一年的工作会相对顺利。一篇不是自己了解的论文是经不起拷问的。你为什么定这个浮选浓度?磁选强度是怎么定的?作业回收率为什么低为什么高?为什么采用这个工艺?为什么是这个富集比?为什么精矿质量上不去?如果有伴生有用矿物怎么回收?因为我也答辩过,呵呵!
因为字数超过一万字了 所以中文里稍微删减了一点 反正你是写英文的对吧 只看下面英文就行了关于磁电选矿相关应用的论文根据矿石中不同矿物的物理、化学性质,把矿石破碎磨细以后,采用重选法、浮选法、磁选法、电选法等,将有用矿物与脉石矿物分开,并使各种共生的有用矿物尽可能相互分离,除去或降低有害杂质,以获得冶炼或其他工业所需原料的过程。关于磁选设备的进展,已有若别,在物料中加选矿使有用组分富集,减少冶炼或其他加工过程中的燃料、运输等的消耗,使低品位的贫矿石能得到经济利用。选矿试验所得数据,是矿床评价及建厂设计的主要依据。从脉石中有时从其他矿物中分选出金属矿物或有价值的别种矿物的机械加工方法.With regard to the application of magnetic beneficiation related papersAccording to the different mineral ores physical, chemical nature of the ore broken ground, the use of re-election law, flotation, magnetic separation method, electricity election law, will be useful minerals and gangue mineral separately, and a variety of symbiotic useful minerals as far as possible, separate, remove or reduce harmful impurities in order to obtain smelting or other industrial raw materials needed to process. With regard to the progress of magnetic separation equipment, are already a number of specialized assessmentReference 〔 'a 41, here only collected on a magnetic separation and informationComprehensive comments.1.1 weak magnetic characteristics of the progress of low intensity magnetic separation is to useHigh-performance chin iron boron magnets to create a higher field-strength magnetic drumElection machine, drum magnetic separator and pre-selection of large chunk magnetiteStone, the development is conducive to improve the concentrate grade of weak magnetic separator.Chin iron boron magnets (Nd: Fel knife) is the largest energy product can beTatsu 3.18X10 "(T A / m), about drilling alloy shirt(SmCo.) Maximum energy product (1.59X10 "T A / m) ofz-fold [51, silver ferrite (Sro.6Fe20,) the largest energy product(0.326X105T A / m) 10 times. Therefore, the use ofChin-Fe-B Magnetic Separator line easy to raise the field strength and performance.Germany, for example, with hinge rod iron boron permanent magnet developed 'Permos'Drum magnetic separator magnetic induction of up to 0.4 ~ 0.5T,Materials can be used wet-dry election or an election can also be more idealStrong magnetic separator used to remove material to a strong magnetic materialQuality 〔6 '. British Boxmag - Rapid Rail Limited with hingeBoron magnets developed 'Magnadrum' Drum SeparatorMagnetic field up to 0.3 ~ 0.4T, for sorting industrial mineralsAnd abrasive powder 〔 'J. As equipment such as large-scale examples, IState Institute of Ma On Shan mine CTDG1210 following the development of largeDiameter magnetic separator, he developed a greater CTDGIS16 typeDiameter of the magnetic separator [3], the use of money-Fe-B magnetic system, cylinder surface-pingBoth the magnetic field up to 0.4T, for sorting large magnetiteShek. Anshan Black Design and Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Shandong Zhang家洼cooperation in the development of iron ore a price 1400mmx1600mm electromagnetic water-cooled magnetic pulley 【.〕, the average magnetic field for the cylinder surface0.24T, handling capacity up to 200t / h, used for pre-selectionOne of the magnetite 350mm stone, eight months from the original 667,000 tExcluding iron ore 11.97% of the 75,000 t tailings, a total increaseEconomic benefits of 534,200 yuan. In order to improve the sorting equipmentThe effect of the comprehensive utilization of mineral emei Institute conventional magnetic separationTrough improve magnetic 〔a re-election machine,〕 its groove from the upper body coneCylindrical-shaped change, permanent magnetic ferrite by the lower part of Round TowerShape changed to the upper part of the overall magnetic lines scattered formation of multi-storey circular magnetic system,Field strength distribution of 12 ~ 0kA / m, and equipped with the concentration of self -Control system can be sub-constituency pulp concentration of control in 30% ~Between 35 percent, the device in the application of Shougang Qian'an Iron effectFruit is: with the improvement of processes, improved sorting tabletsDegrees, with the previous fine sieve fine grinding process compared to that in millCapacity, concentrate grade and iron recovery under the same conditions,Increased the production capacity of 27.66%. This equipment has been developedFor the price 300,600,1500,1800,2500 mm SeriesProducts. In order to improve the concentrate grade, Beijing Mining and Metallurgical Research totalHospital developed a Bk a drum magnetic field more than 1021〔Kawasaki machine. It adopted a very open 7 magnetic lines and downstream type electionBox, fill in the election together with me in Central and exclusive premium coarse tailings,Feeder terminal located in the overflow weir and exclusive fine-grained tailings, so that shipped with the tubeLine of magnetic material has always been the reverse flow of cleanAchieve the purpose of concentrate grade. The aircraft in Nanfen Iron MineConcentrator industrial test results show that with the price 105Ommx21OOmm half compared to current-type magnetic separator, a high concentrate grade2.04 percent, sorting efficiency 10.28%, while the magnetic iron backLow yield of only 0.19 intestine.It is worth noting that the former Soviet Union to study electrochemicalLaw regulating the process of strengthening the magnetic 'Kawasaki. Research in the laboratory doSet of refractory ores and oxide ores, the first paragraph of the low intensity magnetic separationBefore using the electrode of the role of the most promising, concentrate grade will be provided as1.1% ~ 1,4%, iron recovery rate of 4.5 percent raise, 6.4%, Weak magnetic separation tailings in strong magnetic regulated before, ironAnd improve the recovery rate of l%, 2.4%. Easy selection of ore,Polarization effect, the first and the second paragraph of the magnetic iron recoveryRates were increased by only 0.2%, 2.8% and 0.1% ~ 2Called. It is believed that the effect is due to the different nature of the ore, magneticOf different intensity and mineral composition. Also as a result of ore oxygenSubstances fixed potential value and exchange current value and restore the cathodeResponse to the current limit of different degrees.1.2 Strong magnetic strong magnetic equipment were limited mainly toPermanent magnet and electromagnetic roller or belt strong magnetic separator. BritainRapid Ltd. BOxmag with a hinge iron boron permanent magnet systemCreating a 'Magnaroll' Roll Magnetic Separator [ '〕, including the roll diameterGong Gong 75mm and 100mm in two specifications, respectively, for the OfficeThe rationale for fine-grained and coarse-grained materials. It is expected to pass an area of the magnetic fieldOften for the 0.9 ~ 1.0T, and loop generated by the high gradient,Sorting performance roller magnetic induction machine is superior, the typical applicationIncluding the purification of silica sand and feldspar, improve the quality and Tao AndalusiteFine porcelain material dry iron. The former Soviet Union developed a rotating magneticField Separator roller 〔 ',,, also known as electric sorting device. TheMain loser is expected by the belt and with the following configuration and with parallelConstitute a permanent magnet roll. Magnetic roller by the permanent magnet composed of three parts, inPermanent magnet poles of the Ministry of Law and roll to the vertical axis, before and after the permanent magnetBody of law to the magnetic axis and roll into a 45 "angle, forming the same levelFace in three directions of the magnetic field, magnetic field for the roll surface 0.45T. PointsElectoral principle is the use of non-magnetic conductive particles in rotating magnetic rollerRotating magnetic field generated by the driving force for transforming the role of pay and non-derivativeXinhua particle separation of aircraft being used for non-ferrous metal processing residue fromRecovery of scrap and waste aluminum, copper and other metal particles, conductor productionPurity and recovery of goods are up more than 94 percent. China's MaHill Mining Research Institute, following the development of Cs-1-type roller magnetic separatorAfter the development of a Cs-2 electromagnetic induction strong magnetic rollerMachine 〔''], the roll diameter and effective length of 380mm were smartAnd 1468mm, parallel twin-roll configuration, with a total of four sub-election,Magnetic field can be between 0.4 ~ 1.78T regulation, excitation, ChuanActin and were air-cooled power 4.23kw, 13xZkw and0.09 justice Zkw. The aircraft used in Meishan Iron sorting 12 ~Chek Ling ZMM one of the indicators of iron ore is iron ore30.40%, the concentrate grade and recoveries were44.05% and 78.75%, a single-year cost-effective equipmentFor 630,000 yuan. With different roller magnetic separator. Ferromagnetism with teethBoard or the ball wet media as a result of strong magnetic separator structure is complicated,High cost, coupled with the type of large development remains is to promoteApplications and improve and perfect. SHP a strong magnetic separator 2000In Qidashan Iron Ore has been applied 〔'' ', SQC-6 -2770-type strong magnetic separator in Masteel satisfied people Gushan Iron Mine production flowCheng, Gong-1500 Shuangli Central strong magnetic separator further in Kunming SteelBy the popularization and application of 〔'5] SHP-keung, a 3200-type magnetic separatorThe improvements include 〔'']: magnetic angle from 83 "to 70., MagnetizingCoil replaced by the air-cooled, such as oil-cooling. Rather meaningful is that QueenslandSteel plate medium level of tooth ring magnetic separator and the ball vertical ring magnetic mediaMachine with the same test sample were compared [1 '〕, the results of tableThat the tooth plate flat ring of iron concentrate grade and recoveries wereAbout 4% and 8%, but the vertical ring-type magnetic properties as a result of the reverse flushingMaterial, which is not easy to plug for the screening, the following rough, rinse waterPressure and lack of strict water quality requirements, more reliable operation.1.3 HGMS in the magnetic field of high gradient magneticStudy of the election is still occupies an important position, and made significant JinExhibition. Svoboda described a new type of high gradient magnetic separatorI''〕 plane, the aircraft using short-term water-cooled magnetic coil system, the magnetic field for1.ZT, input power 110kw, from South Africa University of theWitwatersrand gold and uranium tailings recovery, capacity 30t / h. FormerThe Soviet Union the new joint company克里沃罗格selection and black metalBeneficiation Research Institute developed a 600-type 3KM small magneticSorting machine 〔 'Lu'. Kai loaded aircraft using electromagnetic magnetic lines and mesh135 ~ x51 ~ punching screen for sorting media magnetic induction for the 0.5T, processing capacity of up to 30Ot / h, forEnterovirus 95 to deal with a fineness of 0.045 magic. N edge of the iron oxide stoneRock. Copper-rich Zambia's high gradient magnetic separator toTo the attention recently with the background magnetic field 1.3T, sorting cans footInch 23mmx32mmx104mm (effective volume 42ml,Filling 5% 50 ~ 10, that is, steel wool m high horizontal magnetic field gradientMagnetic devices, to 5 ~ 38 al m ore of copper concentrate and madeExperimental research on t ',', in the feed flow rate of 7cm / s and cleaning velocity14cm / s under the conditions of separation twice before a magnetic productsChalcopyrite and bornite content from 72 to 86 percent called backThe yield was 82%; after a magnetic products, copper contentFrom 16%.Increased to 44 percent, and the recovery was 72 enterovirus. In China,HGMS who has been cross-industrial applications period, workers from China and South AfricaIndustry, universities and Ganzhou, Jiangxi Institute of cooperation in the development of nonferrous metallurgyThe SLON a 1000 vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator has beenThe development of a r500 type SLON 〔 '. ', Its diameter by sorting1ooomm to 150omm, mail handling capacity t / h to30t / h, and structural improvements, performance has increased, the firstTaiwan SLON a 1500-type magnetic separator installed in 1989 regardlessMountain iron ore, to deal with slime and strong magnetic separation tailings, such as fine-grained RefractoryMixed materials, the original estimated annual economic benefit is 1.06 million yuan'''',Inter reached 1.08 million yuan. Passed technical appraisal in 1990 afterThe mine has ordered a 1500-type SLON a pulsating high ladderSeparator degrees. The past two years, also iron ore and copper GongchanglingCopper applications were recorded in the five and a one SLON1500 vertical ring pulsating high gradient magnetic separator. On the pulse of high-OssetiaMagnetic principle degrees were also made to further explore 〔 "]. Zhongnan EngineeringIndustry University of Pangushan Tungsten fine mud of pulsating high gradient magnetic separator testA post-mortem studies also received a good indicator of 'Chuan: containing the WO30.74%Tungsten fine mud at the right time under the conditions of separation, to be with WO3Volume of 17.90 percent and 73.78 percent recovery rate of Scheelite; and non -Pulsating high gradient magnetic separator compared to the high concentrate grade 13.99%,The recovery rate was only 1.09 percent lower. By the Central South University and aldehyde hillsMunicipal Science and Technology Development Center, developed in cooperation CL Kazunori 500mmVibration cycle high gradient magnetic separator''〔 "to fill China's highRidge soil HGMS blank. It's tank tracks and well-differentiatedDo not for 500mm and 300mm, the magnetic field up to ZT, power consumptionAbout 220kw, handling about Zt / h. Industrial tests showed thatIt's exciting and good cooling performance, can effectively remove highRidge soil micro-paramagnetic iron particles, a significant increase in high -Ridge soil and into a white porcelain, can produce better economic and socialEffectiveness.On the high gradient magnetic separation theory, since 1973Watson made a number of magnetic particle collector concept 〔25 'have beenEstablished a fairly complete theory of magnetic collector. Recently,Svoboda, who according to the energy point of view to explore the high gradientNew theory of magnetic collector 〔26]. In his view, the paramagnetic particles inHigh gradient magnetic field and magnetic wire trap with a collision withSome of the overall role in a London for the role of van der Waals energy, double -Layer energy, with an average energy and shear stress on the particles ZuogongAnd of and derived by medium particle collector wire radius(Limited to particle size) and particle magnetization coefficient, strong magnetic fieldDegrees, medium wire magnetization and radius, fluid velocity and densityDegrees and the viscous coefficient of the relationship.1.4 superconducting magnetic superconducting magnetic separation has been into the large-scale chemicalIndustry application period. Eriez Magnetic company, following the United States in 1986Will be re-25 leaves, a diameter of 2134mm Tank superconducting magnetic separatorJ. M. Huber Corporation for kaolin processing plant purification of high -Ling soil after less than a year, the same company also ordered aRe-250t, the diameter of 3048 blade n Magic a similar superconducting high gradientSeparator 〔Sichuan, when the aircraft is being created, he orderedThird such equipment, according to plan was the first quarter of 1990Degrees installation operation. This is the world's largest superconducting magnetic separationMachines, superconducting magnet with a Nb叭Wirewound system, liquid helium coolingTo a 269 ℃, only the beginning of each cycle supply excitationCurrent, in 60 seconds, zero magnetic field can be increased to ZT, RanAfter having been able to maintain foreign to ZT magnetic field, weeks at the end of clearanceClosed, the magnets' return 'of power is about to start when the' through to 'Half power. The cost of superconducting magnetic than ordinary high gradient magneticSlightly more elections, the second piece of equipment production costs than the firstTaiwan slightly more. Germany KHD Humboldt has韦达格Will be a superconducting Descos sold Drum Separator TurkeyIts 〔:'3, used to a weak magnetic serpentine gangue and magnesiumMineral separation, ore particle size of 100 ~ 4 magic n magic. , Containing about 510220%, FeZ034 intestines, including stem-election once was 510:1.5% And Fe: O, 0.3% of magnesite concentrate rough. AircraftSpecifications for the price 120OmmxI500mm, the magnetic field up to 3.2T, the handling capacity of 10 belly / h, power consumption is about 1.skw h / t,Is one of the world's first for the coarse-grained superconducting magnetic separationMachine. Now expect the 'high temperature' superconductors to develop third-generation super -Magnetic sorting machine "'91.2 electric electionKelly and Spottiswood three papers with a comprehensiveReview of the theory of separation. The first review of the basis of principle,Including electrostatics; particle characteristics, namely, particle conductivity(Band theory, electron capture and other forms of electrical conductivity),The surface of semiconductor electronics in nature: particles or metal contactsThe equivalent circuit, fluid particle motion. The second assessmentDescribes the measurement of electrical particles and particle charge mechanism. XinhuaElectric field measurement, including measurement, Dutch power measurement, contact chargeCumulative volume measurement and conductivity measurement. Dutch electrical particles rationale packageIncluding corona charging, induction charging, friction charge, charge rate,Coehn law. The third review of the practice of electrostatic beneficiation,Including electrostatic concentrator theoretical analysis (stress analysis), StaticXinhua concentrator analysis of the experience, equipment parameters, sorting circuit,Three papers related to the literature 95. Xinhua election on I:. Arts andThere are some theoretical research reports. Additives have been used abroadA large amount of friction method charge at KCI and NaCIFrom. The Act the use of KCI and NaCI friction charged the differenceDo not, in the amount of materials in adding additives. So that the mobileLayer belt during transport friction charged, and then sorting machineKCI in a concentrate, KCI up to 92% concentrate grade, recoveryRate of 50%. A.L. Shalom and others discussed the non-allUniform electric field separation of the exchange of technology for liquid and gas media articlePieces under the sorting mechanism "in Sichuan, the establishment of electric field strength, the NetherlandsElectricity and Coulomb force and the ratio of inertial force of expression.Dressing to make a useful component enrichment, reducing smelting or other processing of fuel, transport and so on consumption, so that the poor low-grade ore will be economic use. Beneficiation test of the data is the deposit rating and the main basis for plant design.From the gangue minerals are sometimes separated from other selected metal minerals or other valuable minerals machining methods.
1磁选关于磁选设备的进展,已有若干专门评述〔’一41,这里仅就搜集到的磁选论著和信息进行综合评述.1.1弱磁选弱磁选进展的特点是,利用高性能钦铁硼永磁体制造场强更高的筒式磁选机,筒式磁选机大型化和预选大块磁铁矿石,发展有利于提高精矿品位的弱磁选机。钦铁硼永磁体(Nd:Fel刀)的最大磁能积可达3.18X10“(T·A/m),约为衫钻合金(SmCo。)最大磁能积(1.59X10”T·A/m)的z倍[51,银铁氧体(Sro.6Fe20,)最大磁能积(0.326X105T·A/m)的10倍。因此,采用钦铁硼磁系容易提高磁选机的场强和性能。例如,德国用铰铁硼永磁棒研制的‘Permos’鼓式磁选机的磁感应强度可达0.4~0.5T,既可用于物料的干选或湿选,也可比较理想地用于除去强磁选给料中的磁性较强的物质〔6’。英国Boxmag--Rapid有限公司用铰铁硼永磁体研制的‘Magnadrum’筒式磁选机的磁场可达0.3~0.4T,用于分选工业矿物和磨料粉〔’J。作为设备大型化的例子如,我国马鞍山矿山研究院继开发CTDG1210型大筒径磁选机后,又研制了CTDGIS16型更大筒径的磁选机[3],采用钱铁硼磁系,筒面平均磁场可达0.4T,用于分选大块磁铁矿石.鞍山黑色冶金矿山设计研究院与山东张家洼铁矿合作研制了一种价1400mmx1600mm电磁水冷磁滑轮【.〕,筒面平均磁场为0.24T,处理能力可达200t/h,用于预选一350mm的磁铁矿石,8个月内从66.7万t原矿剔除含铁11.97%的7.5万t尾矿,共增加经济效益53.42万元。为了提高设备的分选效果,峨嵋矿产综合利用研究所将常规磁选槽改进为磁一重选机〔,〕,其槽体上部由圆锥形改为圆筒形,永磁铁氧体磁系由下部圆塔形整体磁系改为上部多层圆阵形分散磁系,场强分布为12~0kA/m,并配备浓度自控系统,可将分选区矿浆浓度控制在30%~35%之间,该设备在首钢迁安铁矿应用的效果是:配合改进工艺流程,提高了分选粒度,与以往细磨细筛工艺流程相比,在磨机容量、精矿品位和铁回收率相同的条件下,提高了生产能力27.66%.这种设备已发展为价300、600、1500、1800、2500mm系列产品。为了提高精矿品位,北京矿冶研究总院研制了一种Bk一1021多力场筒式磁选机〔川。该机采用7极开放磁系和顺流型选箱,在选箱中部补加上升水和排粗粒尾矿,在给料端设溢流堰和排细粒尾矿,使随筒运行的磁性物始终受到反向水流的清洗作用,达到提高精矿品位的目的。该机在南芬铁矿选矿厂的工业试验结果表明,与价105Ommx21OOmm半逆流型磁选机相比,精矿品位高2.04%,分选效率高10.28%,而磁性铁回收率只低0.19肠。值得注意的是,前苏联研究了用电化学调节法强化磁选过程‘川。在实验室研究确定,对难选矿石和氧化矿石,第一段弱磁选前采用电极化作用最有前途,精矿品位可提高1.1%~1,4%,铁回收率提高4.5%、6.4%,弱磁选尾矿在强磁选前再进行调节,铁回收率又可提高l%、2.4%。对易选矿石,极化作用后,第一段和第二段磁选的铁回收率只能分别提高0.2%、2.8%和0.1%~2叫。据认为,效果不同是由于矿石性质、磁化强度和矿物组成不同.还由于矿石中的氧化物的固定电位值和交换电流值及还原阴极反应电流的极限度不同。1.2强磁选强磁选设备的研制主要限于永磁和电磁辊式或带式强磁选机。英国BOxmag一Rapid有限公司用铰铁硼永磁体制造了‘Magnaroll’辊式磁选机[‘〕,包括辊径功75mm和功100mm两种规格,分别用于处理细粒和粗粒物料。它在给料带面的磁场通常为0.9~1.0T,并可由回路产生高梯度,分选性能比感应辊式磁选机优越,典型应用包括提纯硅砂和长石,提高红柱石质量和陶瓷细粒干料除铁。前苏联研制了一种旋转磁场辊式磁选机〔‘,,,又名电动分选装置。该机主要由输料带和带下面的与带平行配置的永磁辊构成。磁辊由三部分永磁体组成,中部永磁体的磁极法向与辊轴垂直,前后永磁体的磁极法向与辊轴成45“角,形成同一平面三个方向的磁场,辊面磁场为0.45T。分选原理是,利用非磁性导电颗粒在旋转磁辊产生的旋转磁场中受交变电动力作用与非导电颗粒分离该机被用于从有色金属加工渣屑和废料中回收铝、铜等金属颗粒,导体产品纯度和回收率都可达94%以上。我国马鞍山矿山研究院继开发Cs一1型辊式磁选机后,又研制了Cs一2型电磁感应辊式强磁选机〔’‘],其辊径和有效长度分别为叻380mm和1468mm,双辊平行配置,共四个分选带,磁场可在0.4~1.78T之间调节,激磁、传动和风冷功率分别为4.23kw、13xZkw和0.09义Zkw。该机在梅山铁矿用于分选12~Zmm赤一菱铁矿石的指标是,原矿含铁30.40%时,精矿品位和回收率分别为44.05%和78.75%,单台设备的年经济效益为63万元。与辊式磁选机不同。带铁磁性齿板或球介质的湿式强磁选机由于构造复杂,造价高,加之类型较多,发展的任务仍是推广应用和改进完善。SHP一2000型强磁选机在齐大山铁矿得到了应用〔’‘’,SQC一6一2770型强磁选机在马钢姑山铁矿纳人生产流程,功1500型双立环强磁选机在昆钢进一步得到了推广应用〔‘5]SHP一3200型强磁选机的改进包括〔’‘]:磁包角由83“改为70。,激磁线圈由风冷改为油冷等。颇有意思的是,昆钢对齿板介质平环磁选机和球介质立环磁选机用相同试料作了对比试验[1’〕,结果表明,齿板平环型的精矿品位和铁回收率分别约高4%和8%,但立环型由于反向冲洗磁性物,因而不易堵塞,对隔渣、隔粗、冲洗水压和水质要求不严,运行更加可靠。1.3高梯度磁选在磁选领域,对高梯度磁选的研究仍占有重要位置,并取得了显著进展。Svoboda叙述了一种新型高梯度磁选机I‘’〕,该机采用短线圈水冷磁系,磁场为1.ZT,输人功率110kw,用于从南非威特沃特斯兰德残渣中回收金和铀,能力为30t/h。前苏联新克里沃罗格采选联合公司和黑色金属选矿研究院合作研制了3KM小一600型磁选机〔‘吕’。该机采用恺装电磁磁系和网眼135~x51~冲孔网板作分选介质磁感应强度为0.5T,处理能力可达30Ot/h,用于处理细度95肠一0.045幻。刃n的氧化铁石岩。铜矿资源丰富的赞比亚对高梯度磁选给予了重视,最近用背景磁场1.3T、分选罐尺寸23mmx32mmx104mm(有效容积42ml、充填5%50~10即m钢毛的横向磁场高梯度磁选装置,对5~38拜m的铜精矿和原矿作了试验研究t‘,’,在给料流速7cm/s和清洗流速14cm/s条件下分选二次,前一种磁性产品的黄铜矿和斑铜矿含量由72叫提高到86%,回收率为82%;后一种磁性产品的铜矿物含量从16%.提高到44%,回收率为72肠。在国内,高梯度磁选已跨人工业应用时期,由中南工业大学和江西赣州有色冶金研究所合作研制的SLON一1000型立环脉动高梯度磁选机已发展为SLON一r500型〔’。’,其分选环直径由1ooomm增至150omm,处理量邮t/h提高到30t/h,且结构有所改进,性能有所提高,第一台SLON一1500型磁选机于1989年安装在姑山铁矿,处理矿泥和强磁选细粒尾矿等难选混合物料,原预计年经济效益106万元‘’‘’,实际达到了108万元。1990年通过技术鉴定后,该矿又订购了一台SLON一1500型脉动高梯度磁选机。近两年来,还在弓长岭铁矿和铜录山铜矿分别应用了五台与一台SLON一1500型立环脉动高梯度磁选机。对脉动高梯度磁选原理也作了进一步探讨〔”]。中南工业大学对盘古山钨细泥的脉动高梯度磁选试验研究也获得了好指标‘川:含WO30.74%的钨细泥在合适条件下分选一次,得到WO3含量17.90%和回收率73.78%的钨精矿;与非脉动高梯度磁选相比,精矿品位高13.99%,回收率只低1.09%。由中南工业大学和醛陵市科技开发中心合作研制的CL一功500mm周期式振动高梯度磁选机〔’‘」填补了我国高岭土高梯度磁选的空白。该机的罐径和高分别为500mm和300mm,磁场可达ZT,耗功率约220kw,处理量约为Zt/h。工业试验表明,该机的激磁和冷却性能良好,能有效除去高岭土中的含铁顺磁性微细颗粒,显著增加高岭土和成瓷白度,可产生较好的经济和社会效益。关于高梯度磁选理论,自1973年Watson提出磁捕收颗粒数概念〔25’以来,已建立了相当完整的磁捕收理论.最近,svoboda等人根据能量观点,探讨了高梯度磁捕收新理论〔26]。他认为,顺磁性颗粒在高梯度磁场中与铁磁性捕集丝相碰撞时,具有的总作用能为范德华一伦敦作用能、双电层作用能、平均磁能和剪切应力对颗粒作功之和,并由此导出被介质丝捕收的颗粒半径(限定颗粒粒度)与颗粒磁化系数、磁场强度、介质丝磁化强度和半径、流体速度和密度及粘性系数等的关系式。1.4超导磁选超导磁选已进人大型化工业应用时期。美国Eriez磁力公司继1986年将重25叶、直径为2134mm罐式超导磁选机用于J.M.Huber公司高岭土加工厂提纯高岭土后,不到一年,同一公司又订购了一台重250t、直径3048刃n幻a的同类型超导高梯度磁选机〔川,当该机正在制造时,又订购了第三台这种设备,按计划已于1990年第一季度安装运转。这是世界上最大的超导磁选机,超导磁体用Nb一叭线绕制,液氦冷却至一269℃,只需每个周期的开头供给激磁电流,在60秒内,磁场可由零升至ZT,然后不需外电能仍能维持ZT磁场,周期末关闭时,磁体‘归还’的电能约为启动时‘借去’电能之半。超导磁选的成本比普通高梯度磁选稍高些,第二台设备的生产成本又比第一台稍高些。德国KHD洪堡·韦达格公司已将一台Descos超导筒式磁选机售给土耳其〔:‘3,用于将弱磁性的蛇纹石脉石与菱镁矿分离,原矿粒度为100~4幻n幻。,约含510220%、FeZ034肠,干选一次得含510:1.5%和Fe:O,0.3%的菱镁矿粗精矿。该机的规格为价120OmmxI500mm,磁场可达3.2T,处理量为10肚/h,能耗约为1.skw·h/t,是世界上第一台用于粗粒分选的超导磁选机。现在期望用‘高温’超导体开发第三代超导磁选机「‘91。2电选Kelly和Spottiswood用三篇论文全面评述了电选理论。第一篇评述了基础原理,包括静电学;颗粒特性,即颗粒导电率(Band理论、电子捕获和其它形式的导电),半导体的表面电子学性质:颗粒或金属接触的等效回路,流体中的颗粒运动。第二篇评述了颗粒电性的测量和颗粒荷电的机理。电性测量包括电场测量,荷电量测量,接触荷电量累计测量和导电率测量。颗粒荷电机理包括电晕荷电,感应荷电,摩擦荷电,荷电速率,Coehn法则。第三篇评述了静电选矿实践,包括静电选矿机的理论分析(受力分析),静电选矿机的经验分析,设备参数,分选回路,三篇论文涉及95篇文献。关于电选的I:.艺和理论研究也有一些报导。国外有人用添加剂产生大量摩擦电荷的方法将KCI与NaCI分离。该法利用KCI与NaCI摩擦带电的差别,在物料中加人适量添加剂.使之在流动层皮带运输过程中摩擦带电,然后在分选机中得KCI精矿,KCI精矿品位可达92%,回收率为50%。A.L.沙洛姆等人探讨了将非均匀交流电场分离技术用于液体和气体介质条件下的分选机理「川,建立了电场强度、荷电量和库仑力与惯性力之比的表达式。
首先你是干什么用。 如果是要省级的话我有几个 很好发! 华北国土现代矿业都很好发。
以前在学校,要保送研究生的话,都要求在省级刊物上发表过论文才行。那时听说有些刊物是可以“潜规则”的,交钱,交文章就可以发表。可以尝试在你的目标刊物上找该发行商家的联系方式,或者联系下亲戚朋友中还在高校读书的孩子们,让他们帮忙通过学校的导师联系下也可以哦
给你几个不同层次的:吉林大学的《世界地质》,还有吉大、地大、北大、东北大学学报,这几个学校都有地质。除了世界地质以外都是中文核心期刊。《金属矿山》、《中国矿业》这两个都比较边缘,文章质量要求也不算太高,很容易发。《地球物理学进展》这个比较难发表一点,他的英文版《地球物理学报》应该是中国地质类期刊中SCI影响因子最高的了。还有你可以去CNKI,一般的高校网上图书馆都有入口,可以轻松查到上百中地质杂志。其实发表文章说白了就那么回事,发表了基本上没人看,也就自己图新鲜,看看自己的名字,如果不是那些非要找抄袭的JR,基本上没人仔细看,经历了硕博发论文的阶段后,猛然回头发现都是给钱就发的事,什么这编辑那编辑,P,强烈鄙视他们,一个个见到钱,垃圾都有创新意义。
省级期刊省级期刊指由各省、自治区、直辖市及其所属部、委办、厅、局主办的期刊以及由各本、专科院校主办的学报(刊)。国家级期刊国家级期刊指由国家部委、全国性团体、组织、机关、学术机构主办的刊物。核心期刊目前国内有7大核心期刊(或来源期刊)遴选体系,凡是这些来源期刊目录里有的刊物均可认为核心期刊,包括北京大学图书馆“中文核心期刊”、南京大学“中文社会科学引文索引(CSSCI)来源期刊”、中国科学院文献情报中心“中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)来源期刊”、中国科学技术信息研究所“中国科技论文统计源期刊”(又称“中国科技核心期刊”)、中国社会科学院文献信息中心“中国人文社会科学核心期刊”、中国人文社会科学学报学会“中国人文社科学报核心期刊”、万方数据股份有限公司正在建设中的“中国核心期刊遴选数据库”。
网络上有很多论文发表网站,很多作者由于着急发表论文,而选择通过论文发表网站去发表论文。
但是由于利益的驱使网络上充斥着很多假刊,甚至一些论文发表网站还推荐假刊给作者发表,有的甚至取作者论文发表费用然后消失。
针对这种情况,发表论文前,作者一定要认真辨别期刊真伪,了解论文发表网站的信誉,口碑,不盲目轻信论文发表网站和假刊的一些过度宣传,避免上当。
选择发表期刊前,要去新闻出版总署查看期刊的备案情况,再去相关的数据库查看期刊的收录情况,确保期刊正规合法,同时具备国际刊号ISSN号和国内统一刊号CN号,而不要被那些打着香港刊号或者书丛号的期刊所蒙蔽。
论文发表的介绍:
1、论文发表的介绍
学术论文首先应当具有独创性。要在论题涉及的范围内,言他人所未言,提他人所来提。要有所创新,有所发现,要有独特的、合乎客观实际的看法。
只是重复、模仿别人的意见,称不上学术论文。如在社会科学领域内,独创性常见于这样三条途径:
(1)结合新的社会实践对以往理论加以继承和发展,如,在社会主义建设中,结合中国国情,对马克思主义的完善;
(2)对新发现的资料加以研究,史学、考古学的研究常常如此;
(3)通过搜集、整理前人已有的成就的途径获得新结沦,例如哲学史、语言史的研究。
论文条理清晰结构合理,具有较强的说服力和感染力,深刻揭示客观事物的内部联系和规律,也就是言之有理,言之有据,言之有序。
专业性是指论文从题目、选材到文字表达,都要具有某一学科、专业的特色,要摸透“行情”,用“行话”,如图书馆学的论文常常要运用款目、标注、二次文献、情报检索语言等专业词汇。
法学论文则常用法人、主体意志、仲裁、诉权、罪行法定主义等等。学术论文不必人人都看懂。好的学术论文是独创性、科学性、专业性高度的统一和结合。
2、论文发表的必要性
随着学习及工作的深入,学习者及从业者对本专业及行业会有深入的研究,而研究水平的衡量标准则体现在了论文发表上。
即,要求在公开发行的学术期刊或报纸上发表具有一定学术价值的论文。论文发表,成了考量从业者水平的一个不可或缺甚至尤为重要的标准。
发表论文,有哪些需要注意的问题,论文发表有2种方式,一种是直接向杂志社投稿,一种是通过论文代理或期刊采编中心投稿。这2种方式,费用方面基本差不多,都是社里统一定的价格。
期刊采编中心或论文代理的优点至于大体差不多的文章,都基本可以安排通过审核,而且审核时间短,一般在2-5个工作日内就安排审核并给予答复了。
主要是采编中心是采用的集中递稿方式,一般采编中心都有编辑,会事先对论文做下初步审核,能帮修改完善的文章都会帮助修改完善。
再加上跟社里较熟,论文能通过的,社里一般不会为难。而对于直接投稿杂志社,审核比较慢,通过率低些。很多核心期刊,稿件投递后基本就是石沉大海。
3、论文发表格式
撰写论文,一定要遵循一定的格式,这样看起来一目了然,条理清晰。
1.在实际写作职称论文的过程中,则灵活运用,根据实际情况。最好开头有个引言部分,说一下目前的形势啊什么必要性的,引启性的开个头,再展开下面的论述。
2.论文要分条目展开,要条理清晰,层次分明,比如上文中,大条目下面都有小条目,看上去非常清晰。大标题用加粗突出显示,大标题后面不能有标点符号。
摘要控制在220字符内即可,最好能概括下全文的内容,切忌把开头当摘要,把文章标题罗列出来当摘要。关键词,3-5个为宜。
普通人要在专业期刊上面发表文章的话,必须找到自己的推荐人。如果没有自己的推荐人的话,即使你的文章再优秀也是没有办法发表的。
论文发表有两个渠道,一个是可以直接投稿杂志社,一个是可以通过论文代理机构。费用方面,杂志社肯定要比代理便宜。因为,杂志社只是收取非常小部分的版面费。而代理方面,收取的比较多。时间方面,杂志社的编辑一般很少自己采集稿件。毕竟,每个编辑其实都会跟很多代理合作。他们会直接从代理方面得到稿件,并且从中抽取部分好处费。代理手中的稿件比较多,所以杂志社的编辑们一般都非常乐于跟他们合作。关键是,自己也能从中得到额外的收入,何乐而不为。 新浪微博的期刊论文发表小畅编辑提醒您,审稿方面,杂志社不是所有的稿件都给你发。当然,作为代理方,也不可能所有的稿件都能承诺给你发。但是,只要代理方面承诺可以发。那么,就百分之百可以发表了。毕竟,只要是气候成熟的代理,都会固定的和一些杂志社编辑有长期合作。这样,就会无形中生成一种关系户的效果。所以,审稿方面,找代理确实要比杂志社容易多。 也就是说,杂志社便宜是便宜,但是没有时间保证,审稿麻烦切周期长。而,代理方面,贵也贵不到哪儿去,审稿速度快,时间短。现在需要发表论文的作者,时间方面大多都比较紧迫,而且论文方面也都比较麻烦。项目:校外:可以去的地方有大公司的研究机构(如MSRA IBM CRL等),有中科研的各个著名院所等。校内:一种途径是参与校内著名实验室每年定期的暑期实习,比如电信学员的网安实验室,比如材料学院的微纳中心等,一种途径 是自己联系在科研上比如活跃的老师(此如自己的任课老师,指导老师:找一个好的指导老师很重要,他的作用=好的科研指导+好的科研推荐信+挂高质量论文的机会+给美国教授内推的机会
论文不是随便能发的,发论文是需要花钱的。就像看别人的论文一样,也是需要花钱的。毕竟,这是别人的劳动成果。还有就是各大网站也需要运营费用的。也需要文字编辑,把你的论文发表到网上去。所以也是需要花钱的。
职称论文是评职称的重要材料,一定要按照要求来准备,否则很容易会出现评职称不过的情况。
职称论文发表一般有这几点要求。
这几点要求是评职称的基本要求,准备评职称的话要注意最好提前半年到一年的时间来准备。如想了解更多关于职称论文的内容,可以进入我的首页查看。
职称分为三级:初级职称、中级职称、高级职称,高级职称又分副高级和正高级.由于初级职称不要求发表论文,学术堂就不在这里多讲了.一、中级职称申报中级职称,要求申报人在初级职称期间,发表的论文是由本人独立撰写或者第一作者撰写,在市级期刊以上学术刊物上发表专业学术论文,只要是国内CN期刊上正规出版发行的就行,不需要多高级别,当然增刊、副刊、专刊、专辑不行.①市级专业刊物公开对外发表的、反映本人专业水平的专业论文三篇,文字不少于三万字;其中一篇论文作为答辩的主要内容之一.②省部级或专业核心刊物发表的、反映本人专业水平的论文二篇,文字不少于二万字;其中一篇论文作为答辩的主要内容之一.③独立撰写的并公开发表专着;一篇公开发表或专为职称申报撰写的论文.论文作为答辩的主要内容之一.注意:文章是原创的,抄袭率不能超过30%;字数不宜太多,3000字左右,正好一个版面为佳;期刊必须有CN或ISSN刊号的,在新闻出版总署网可以查到的期刊.二、高级职称1. 副高级职称申报副高级职称,要求申报人在中级职称以来,发表的论文是由本人独立撰写或者是第一作者撰写,在省级期刊以上学术刊物发表专业学术论文,国家级期刊、省级期刊都可以,但是不包括增刊、专刊、副刊、专辑等.①市级专业刊物公开对外发表的、反映本人专业水平的专业论文六篇,文字不少于六万字;或省部级或专业核心刊物公开对外发表的、反映本人专业水平的论文篇四篇,文字不少于四万字.上述论文,其中一篇论文作为答辩的主要内容之一.②独立撰写的并公开发表的不少于20万字的专着;一篇公开发表或专为职称申报撰写的论文.论文作为答辩的主要内容之一.2. 正高级职称申报正高级职称,要求申报人在副高级职称以来,发表的论文是由本人独立撰写或者是第一作者撰写,在国家权威期刊上发表专业学术论文,也就是核心期刊、SCI论文或者是EI论文,不包括专辑、专刊、增刊、副刊等.① 市级专业刊物公开对外发表的、反映本人专业水平的专业论文10篇,文字不少于20万字.② 部级或专业核心刊物公开对外发表的、反映本人专业水平的论文篇6篇,文字不少于12万字.③ 独立撰写的并公开发表的不少于20万字的专着二部.国家级论文和省级论文发表所需时间差不多,3个月左右,长的则半年甚至一年,而职称评定时,有的要求必须通过数据库检索到,论文发表出刊后,几个数据库一般 2个月后才能收录进去,因此,还有考虑2个月的收录时间.鉴于此,我们提醒您,发表职称论文,一定要首先明确职称评定时间,早做准备.一般情况下,提前一年做准备才是合理的.
对于刚进大学的大学生来说,可能对于发表论文的事情,感觉离他比较遥远,但是你可以再自己在低年级的时候就对论文发表进行一定的了解,这样就可以根据自己的经验发表出比较好的学术论文。现在学术型论文还是相对于其他论文比较有优势,对于学术性论文是关于相关的,或者是同一个事物的,这种长远考虑是比较有优势的。想要顺利的发表一篇学术性的论文,就要敢想敢做,如果你连想都不敢想,那么你的同学对于发表论文这件事更加不会讲关于一个自己的思维能力,那么机会来临的时候,你就可以突破思维的局限,解除自己的限制,然后取得最后的成功。俗话说,成功是留给有准备的人的,所以想要发表论文,第一个就是要做到有思想上的准备,那就是我要发表学术性的论文。做到敢想之后,还有另一个比较重要的就是发现大学生活中写论文的机会,并且牢牢把握住它,关于论文撰写你要了解报告文献综述和初稿等问题,都可以和导师以及任课老师进行一定交流,导师是你对论文的一个关键性了解。最重要的就是要抓住机会,这个方面有三点比较重要,那就是要主动积极的和导师沟通,一定要坚持到底,并且热情地去做每件事情,还要对论文的总体结构有一个现状分析问题,问题分析和相对应的对策分析。当然还要切记在和导师进行沟通的时候,要礼貌和主动做是作为一个学生应该做到的。导师对你的指导和一些问题的纠正要虚心求教,再改完之后发给老师修改之后也要给老师查看,自己要对自己的事情有一定的全局把握及时的进行处理。再进行经验的累积之后,对于学术论文的发表是比较重要的,导师在选择的时候会喜欢那种积极向上主动好学的学生,就算没有机会出现,他们也会主动的去问一些有关于做论文的一些东西
论文不是随便能发的,发论文是需要花钱的。就像看别人的论文一样,也是需要花钱的。毕竟,这是别人的劳动成果。还有就是各大网站也需要运营费用的。也需要文字编辑,把你的论文发表到网上去。所以也是需要花钱的。
这个是先要问问单位是不是有什么要求,要是有的话,那么按要求去发就好了,要是没有的话,那么就是自己选择期刊去发就可以了
刚才回答了您一个问题。想弄清楚是职称用还是学术用。学术用的话可以发表在《中国矿业大学学报》、《山东科技大学学报》、《太原理工大学学报》(原来的老矿业学校的都可以),或者发表在《采矿与安全工程学报》、《金属与矿山》、《矿物学报》等专业期刊;如果光评职称用,可以发表在《工程建设》、《价值工程》等相关期刊上。
看您擅长的方向了
目前有很多矿业类的期刊,但都是核心,发表起来要求学术水平非常高,对于屏职称完全没有必要。我有个同学也是矿业工程的,在新汶矿业集团,我给他发表在《价值工程》上,他评审通过了,一点问题没有。如果确实是高水平文章,可以到中国知网找相关期刊。