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体裁分析，作为语言学中较为新兴的一个领域，使对语篇文本的分析从表层的描述发展到了更深层次多方位的解析。商务信函不同于私人信函，是贸易往来当中必不可少的沟通方式，是传达信息的必要工具。如今中俄贸易活动日益频繁，而俄语商务信函是中俄贸易往来中的重要桥梁。本论文从俄语商务信函体裁的分类依据出发，从交际语用和社会心理学的角度对商务信函进行分析。在商务信函中合作伙伴的社会地位等及角色等细节入手，系统的分析了商务信函的体裁特点及沟通方式，并作出了总结。Жанр анализ, как лингвистика относительно новых областей, в тексте анализ текста из поверхностных описание до развития целого комплекса обслуживающих глубже аналитическое. Коммерческий писем, в отличие от частных корреспонденции, торговые контакты среди необходим способ общения, это передавать информацию, необходимые инструменты. В настоящее время китайско-российские торговую деятельность более частыми, а по-русски коммерческий писем в китайско-российских торговых обменов в важных мостов. Бен документы из русского коммерческий письма на жанр классификации, исходя из общения с точки зрения социальной психологии и для бизнес-анализа письма. В письме бизнес-партнеров и социальный статус и роль и других деталях начать бизнес-анализ систем письма жанр характеристик и форм коммуникации, а также внес резюме.
论文最好自己写，题目选你擅长的那部分知识，或者你看看手头的资料比较丰富的内容，由此来决定内容。当然，也可以听取指导教师的建议----和指导教师进行必要的沟通，对你的论文大有帮助。题目确定了，方向也就同时确定了。实在为难的话，就找找动词、口语、汉俄翻译、语法等方面的书籍----这些书在书店和图书馆很容易找到，我相信你的老师手里可能都有很多----看看那些内容比较容易，就根据那些资料编写好了。我目前指导两个学生的论文题目分别是：《俄语同音异义词》和《口语中语气词的类别》。你可以考虑下面几个题目：《中俄谚语隐含的文化差异比较》、《口语中动词的用法》、《口语缩略语式浅析》、《中俄酒（或茶）文化的异同》、《定向动词与非定向动词》。这些题目都是近期和教师及学生们涉及到的，对你可能有帮助。加油吧，论文没什么难的。
题目是论文内容的高度概括，它对读者具有影响力，可使读者首先明确论文研究的主题。下面我给大家带来翻译方向论文题目选题参考2022，希望能帮助到大家!
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★ 优秀论文题目2022 ★
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★ 毕业论文答辩致谢词 ★
★ 大学毕业论文评语 ★
翻译硕士论文题目选题参考
1、《中国古代 足球 》古汉语专名与古诗词的英译处理
2、英文合同汉译中规范性的实现策略
3、以目 标语 读者为导向的 广告 翻译策略研究
4、盐城旅游文本中特色词汇的翻译问题
5、从接受美学视角探究文学作品中模糊语言翻译
6、法律文献中专业术语英译的探讨
7、扬州旅游文本里 文化 因素的翻译
8、网络辅助下英语缩略语的翻译策略研究
9、有道词典在翻译中的应用
10、 英语 散文 120篇汉译项目 报告
11、徐州景点 导游词 翻译中文化负载词的处理
12、徐州特产食品 说明书 汉英翻译研究
13、从文本功能的角度探究报刊时政新闻的汉译
14、英语长句的英译汉翻译策略实证研究---以<基于语料库的英语教学>为例
15、《物华名胜》中复合式翻译 方法 的运用
16、《苏斯 儿童 绘本汉译过程中儿童语言的处理》
17、目的论指导下企业介绍的英译研究
18、新闻发布会口译项目报告
19、目的论视角下看中国高校宣传片的字幕翻译策略
20、《杨澜访谈录》同声传译项目报告
21、VOA经济报道口译过程中顺句驱动法运用的实践报告
22、预测在英语 财经 新闻口译活动中运用的实践报告
23、中国饮食文化词的口译技巧—《舌尖上的中国》口译实践报告
24、影响英汉交替传译中笔记有效信息筛选障碍的项目报告——以VOA时事新闻口译实践为例
25、视译停顿形成因素及解决方法报告
26、外事口译中译者主体性的把握
27、学生译员汉英交传训练中停顿现象研究
28、商务合同英汉互译技巧
29、英文品牌汉译
30、知识对于翻译的重要性
31、中英文化差异及其对英汉互译的消极影响
32、英语广告中修辞手法的应用及其翻译
33、<<红楼梦>>金陵判词两种译文的比较及评析
34、从红楼梦诗词翻译看翻译中的文化补偿
35、关于李后主“虞美人”的3种英译本的鉴赏
36、跨文化交际与商标翻译
37、中式菜肴的命名与翻译
38、浅谈英语电影片名的翻译
39、英文电影片名的翻译策略
40、英文化妆品广告之美学翻译
41、数字在中西文化中的内涵差异及数字习语翻译初探
42、浅析原语文本在目标语文本中文体的适应性
43、英语习用语翻译中的等效性研究
44、论语境在英汉翻译中的作用
45、浅析英语动画片翻译的基本原则
46、中英服饰广告的翻译
47、论英汉翻译中语篇连贯的重要性
48、论译者的风格与译风
49、经济英语中的隐喻及其翻译
50、从翻译的美学角度浅析旅游资料的中英译
51、翻译中的文化因素
52、影视字幕翻译的原则
53、影响长句翻译的因素
54、例析英译汉中形象语言的处理
英语专业 毕业 论文翻译方向题目
1、 图里规范理论视角下的《四洲志》翻译研究
2、 翻译伦理视域下杨曙辉和杨韵琴《喻世明言》英译本研究
3、 《围城》英译研究
4、 余华小说《兄弟》中的文化专有词英译研究
5、 汉语形容词重叠式及其基式英译对比研究
6、 英汉交流虚构运动事件中路径和方式表征的对比研究
7、 汉语情态动词“能”字结构的翻译
8、 英汉运动事件表征方式对比研究
9、 顺应论视角下视觉动词的汉英互译研究
10、 语用顺应论视阈下汉语听觉动词的英译研究
11、 基于交往能力理论的翻译主体间性实证研究
12、 目的论视角下的电气英语翻译
13、 从符号视角看翻译中视觉非语言符号的信息处理
14、 功能对等理论视角下政府公文英译策略研究
15、 女性主义视角下影视字幕翻译策略研究
16、 操纵论视角下政治文本的汉英翻译研究
17、 从功能对等原则看中国上古神话中神话意象的翻译
18、 从德国功能派翻译理论视角分析领导人演讲口译
19、 文化翻译理论指导下《黄帝内经》英译策略研究
20、 四字格中医术语动词的英译对比研究
21、 《红楼梦》服饰文化翻译研究探析
22、 英文传记汉译实践报告
23、 生态翻译视角下：《尘埃落定》英译本的研究
24、 奈达的功能对等理论在Harry Potter and The Chamber of Secrets两个译本中的体现
25、 描写性翻译理论框架下《西敏寺》译文的风格分析
26、 目的论视角下张爱玲《金锁记》自译本的比较研究
27、 从功能理论视角看戴译本《边城》中文化负载词的翻译策略与方法
28、 英译诗歌韵律的定量对比分析
29、 功能对等理论视角下鲁迅小说《药》《孔乙己》《风波》两个英译本的对比研究
30、 奈达功能对等视角下对《瓦尔登湖》两个中译本的对比研究
31、 语义翻译/交际翻译视角下文化特色语的翻译
32、 从关联理论看《了不起的盖茨比》的两个汉译本
33、 目的论视角下的《三体》英译研究
34、 性别与翻译：从女性主义翻译观对比分析《飘》的两译本
35、 目的论指导下的《舌尖上的中国》菜名英译策略
36、 功能对等理论视角下的美国情景喜剧字幕翻译
37、 功能对等理论视阈下的商标翻译研究
翻译理论与实践论文题目
1、德国功能翻译理论的宏观性及其对教学的启示
2、翻译美学的文化考量
3、解构视角下翻译中的二元对立分析
4、传教士翻译与晚清文化社会现代性
5、跨文化传播视域下的翻译功能研究
6、英语专业本科翻译教学主体交往体系建构研究
7、许渊冲唐诗英译研究
8、论英汉翻译写作学的建构
9、 文章 学视野下的林译研究
10、口译研究的生态学途径
11、郭建中翻译思想与实践研究
12、跨文化语用学视角下的外宣翻译策略研究
13、文学文本中的视觉翻译
14、外宣翻译研究体系建构探索
15、异化翻译思想探究
16、翻译的修辞学研究
17、新月派文学观念研究
18、文章学视野下的林纾翻译研究
19、翻译批评原则的诠释学研究
20、蒯因的翻译不确定性及其对英汉互译的启示
21、近代中国 留学 生 教育 翻泽研究(1895~1937)
22、叙事学视域下的外宣翻译研究
23、修辞劝说视角下的外宣翻译研究
24、中国传统翻译理论观照下的林少华文学翻译研究
25、易学“象”视角下的译学研究
26、对比语言学元语言系统的演变研究
27、俄语本科翻译教材研究
28、情境翻译与翻译情境
29、西班牙语委婉语的多元翻译
30、从《哥儿》林译本的 句子 结构调整看奈达功能对等翻译理论
31、功能对等理论与信达雅翻译论的比较研究
32、《翻译理论与实践》(第二章)翻译报告
33、从中国文化语境视角出发解读西方女性主义翻译
34、证券翻译理论与实践
35、叶维廉汉诗英译研究
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最简单的事用金山词霸翻译
《人文奥运理念与体育新闻改革》08年写的 要你就拿去用吧 不过现在不应景了当时得了94分 呵呵
体育是社会文明的标志。随着经济的全球化,体育已成为人类社会文化生活不可缺少的组成部分,愈来愈引起社会的广泛关注。从语场,语旨和语式的角度看,体育新闻已成为新闻语篇中一种特殊的体裁。然而语言学界对其并未给予足够的重视。以往的研究主要是从传统文体学角度展开。本文以系统功能语法理论为理论基础,从影响广泛的英文报纸《China Daily》中选取语料,运用韩礼德系统功能语法理论的三大元功能一经验功能,人际功能,语篇功能对十二篇体育新闻报道进行量化分析并得出统计数据。通过结合实例对这些数据从及物性,语态,语气,情态,主位结构和主位推进进行深入分析,从而得出英语报刊体育新闻的语言学特征。本文通过研究发现:在英语体育新闻中,及物系统主要由物质过程体现,关系过程和言语过程有一定量的使用,心理过程偶有出现。这说明英语体育新闻主要用来描述体育事件,提供相关信息和背景。英语体育新闻语气上大量使用陈述句、情态动词、情态附加语和褒贬词语,使英语体育新闻的风格倾向于非正式,从而增强与读者间的亲近感;在时态方面多使用过去时态来报道已发生的事件,有时使用现在时态来增加报道的及时性、新鲜感和真实感。将来时态很少出现。英语体育新闻主位系统上多使用简单主位,无标记性主位明显多于标记性主位。本文的发现表明,情景语境与语言表达方式之间存在着紧密的联系。对英语体育新闻报道的语言特征进行的分析有助于对英语体育新闻报道的语言选择及其所实现的功能进行有效的理解。希望本文的分析能对体育新闻报道的欣赏和写作有一定的帮助。
就目前人工智能的发展水平来看，机器降重还远远做不到“准确读取语句的意思，并将之用不同的词汇表述出来”我学姐推荐的北京译顶科技那边做的不错，你可以考虑一下。你可以加速去知道了解下
翻译是跨学科的，注定要采取多学科的视角研究翻译现象和翻译问题。一、选题范围 1、翻译与文化：可以从宏观和微观两个方面考虑。宏观方面，一般从翻译在目的语社会文化中的生产、接受、翻译在目的语社会文化中所起的功能等角度讨论，可以从社会、文化、历史、交际的...1、选题意义和背景。随着中国加入世界贸易组织，中国企业的对外联系也日益增多。中国企业要想打入国际市场，提高在国际市场上的知名度，企业网站或宣传册上的企业简介扮演着十分重要的地位。通过阅读企业宣传资料，读者可以看出企业外宣材料既有关于企业的基本信息介绍，也有企业所做的文字上、句法上、结构上的这染来达到推广企业、大市场的目的。汉语企业外宣材料的翻译在英译过程中会涉及到与目的语不同的语言习惯、行文方式以及文化因素、社会政治因素、心理因素和审美因素等，这就需要译者对原文本做出适当调整，从内容和形式上对语篇进行重构，以此实现对交际意图的顺应。根据赖斯的文本类型说，本文有三种类型，分别是“信息型”、“表达型”和“诱导型”.笔者认为，企业外宣翻译属于“信息型”和“诱导型”文本兼而有之，而且更侧重于“诱导型”.因此，外宣翻译要更加注重文本的交际功能，要更多的考虑如何使译文所传递的信息更便于目的语读者理解和接受，并让读者产生共鸣，继而付诸行动，实现译文预期的功能。比利时语用学家维索尔伦(Verschuem)提出了顺应论，将语言的使用过程看做语言为顺应不同的交际目的和交际对象进行动态选择的过程。因而可以从顺应论的视角研究语言使用。翻译作为一种特殊的交际方式，也可以从顺应论的视角对其进行研究。优秀的企业宣传材料不仅会提高企业的知名度，还会为企业带来不可估量的经济效益，因此任何一个想打入国际市场的企业务必在其外宣材料的翻译上做足功夫。由于中西方文化背景、历史渊源、生活环境的不同，译者在翻译企业外宣材料时为了获取目的语读者的认可并激发他们付诸行动，就要顺应目的语读者的阅读习惯、审美习惯以及心理因素、文化因素等对原文做出形式上和内容上的调整，而这一顺应的过程也是语篇重构的过程。本文突破性的将顺应论与语篇重构结合起来，并结合西麦克展览公司宣传材料和海天调味食品股份有限公司宣传材料及其翻译，试图从顺应论的视角分析企业外宣翻译中的语篇重构现象。2、论文综述/研究基础。1987年维索尔伦(Verschueren)提出顺应论之后，在语用学界引起了很大反响，不久国内学者就将其引进到中国来。国内学者不仅从理论层面对顺应论进行研究和探索，而且将顺应论应用到翻译理论和实践、外语教学、二语习得、文化传播等领域。在这些领域中，成果最大的当属顺应论对翻译理论和其应用的研究。我国真正将顺应论引入翻译研究开始于21世纪初希望能帮到你
当英语论文，或其他重要的英文文书的初稿撰写完成后，在提交给相关读者阅读之前，必须要经过润色才比较保险。找北京译顶科技，性价比高，我就是在那边做的。你可以加速去知道了解下
去中国知网看看人家的硕士论文怎么写的 你就有方向了
公共管理模式下中国新闻组织的定位与重构论电视新闻现场直播与新闻真实性研究从目的论角度看新闻英语中委婉语的汉译显著而隐蔽的新闻框架中国电视新闻连线节目发展研究新闻传播伦理问题研究中英新闻语言文体学对比研究地市级晚报新闻的媚俗价值取向研究汉蒙新闻翻译方法探微媒介融合视域下电视新闻频道发展策略研究电视台新闻媒资网络编辑系统研究与设计后殖民视角下的新闻中文化专有项翻译英语新闻中模糊语言的语用研究中国新闻娱乐化探析研究收视率在电视新闻节目中的应用研究新疆新闻网站（汉文版）研究从功能派翻译理论的角度研究新闻英语的汉译社会转型时期的有偿新闻研究VOA时事新闻报道的人际意义分析体育新闻江湖故事化现象分析英汉新闻易读性比较研究西方封建社会和资本主义社会新闻立法研究对灾难新闻的传播学思考国际化的国内新闻新闻传播在农村分析电视新闻媒体中隐性采访的新闻真实性及使用合理性研究新闻侵权民事责任制度研究从末次资料看新闻与情报之关系基于WWW的新闻搜索引擎的设计与实现新闻传播的社会管理功能研究分析
present status of research (on...) both in China and abroaddomestic and overseas research( on...)at present 一般用于学术论文发表
Second, status quo The trademark name for people like commodities as important. For commodities, trade mark is not only a title, but also a symbol of quality, enterprises, trademarks do not have to open more of a salesman. Trademarks competition as a special language symbols, have their differences, and the protection of advertising, we in the process of translation needs more stringent carefully and seriously weighed. In recent years, many scholars from a variety of different angles on the translation of the word in English and Chinese trademark conducted an in-depth study and research, and put forward some of the theoretical basis for the translation of strategy. Cultural perspective In international trade, a well-known brand names faithful translation of the language allows a potential entry point for consumers from knowing the product. "Literal translation" of the trademark is the original meaning of the surface of the converter. However, the special case of trademarks, and sometimes literal not a good expression of the cultural trademarks of the original flavor, but also because of cultural differences may be unable to target markets and customer acceptance of its products. Dai-rong (2004) from the start with cultural factors, on the trademark translation notable commercial purposes in the Western culture and the great differences in the translation, the traditional "true" and "equivalent" translation standards have been unable to adapt trademark translation flexibility not without losing the "letter" or "letter." I should be the desired goal at the top of translation. Trademark Translation is a cross-language, cross-cultural communication, and made in the translation of Chinese and Western cultures should focus on the exchange of information (Yuan Zhifa, 2007). Wang 1 (2007) in its "trademark trademark translation and cultural translation of the" trademarks in the text of a translation should be allowed to trademark product information disclosed; trademark advertising language translation must be consistent with the cultural identity; trademark translation market with the goal of social and political concern to close problems associated. An aesthetic point of view There are also many scholars believe that attention should be paid to trademark translation trademark aesthetic values. Trademarks to trigger a potential users better Lenovo. "Translation" is based on such purposes is in the majority. Mei Li (2007) from an aesthetic point of view, in its "aesthetic perspective from the translation of brand names in an article entitled" on the sale of trademarks in products plays an important role in advertising, the name of the goods it is necessary to use a translation, easily overwhelming majority consumers understand the ordinary people but also the aesthetic needs and aesthetic capacities, and for them to accept and appreciate, but also in line with the national, political, economic, cultural and religious beliefs and customs. Trademarks can be aesthetic features of the sound from the United States, form the United States, the United States intended to explore three areas, the translator should have the courage to innovation, with the sound translated the United States, Italy and the United States market effect of translation. (Cuijinqi, 2006) Function on the angles The same information, use two different languages, different recipients, but it has to have the same effect, which is equivalent translation of the main principles (Liu Chang-e, 2007). Li Ying (2003), Xiao Hui (2000), and other people think that the trademark should not rigidly adhere to the original translation, but should be flexible. The trademark translation and text to produce the same or similar functions. Li Ying in its "equivalent English translation of the word trademark" trademark in the translation should be avoided because of cultural differences in the use of a different understanding of the term as far as possible Baoyi or neutral color word, as brief as possible accessibility, innovative and good mind Word. And the lack of regret China's trademark translation After several decades of development and through the diligence of many research scholars have made notable achievements. But research in the field there are still some deficiencies and shortcomings. Translation Studies trademark line with the actual use. Traditional methods of translation, linguistics approach because too much emphasis on "faithful" and ignored cultural factors, resulting in the one-sidedness and on the actual operation of blindness. For example, the trademark is intended to arouse customers better purchasing desire to mark commercial function. Translation sector more than talking about is a trademark translation Alto, shape, the name of the right and so on, and ignored the trademark been accepted by the target market of consumers. Therefore, in the process of translation trademarks often be asked trademarks and translated language culture does not conform with trademark violation in the target language: the customary usage, and so on. 阿拉伯文到英语朝鲜语到英语德语到法语德语到英语俄语到英语法语到德语法语到英语荷兰语到英语葡萄牙语到英语日语到英语西班牙语到英语希腊语到英语意大利语到英语英语到阿拉伯文英语到朝鲜语英语到德语英语到俄语英语到法语英语到荷兰语英语到葡萄牙语英语到日语英语到西班牙语英语到希腊语英语到意大利语英语到中文(繁体)英语到中文(简体)中文到英语中文(繁体到简体)中文(简体到繁体)
摘要近十多年来,我国的翻译研究取得了可喜的成就,研究视野也更加开阔,但在理论建构,研究深度和创新性方面尚存在一定的不足之处。本文从三个方面简要概括了国内翻译研究的现状并指出其不足之处,以期能对以后的译学研究有所启示。 关键词翻译研究 翻译标准 多元化视角 中图分类号:H059文献标识码:A 0 引言 伴随全球化的深入发展,翻译作为沟通不同文化的重要精神桥梁正在与社会各领域发生着更为广泛的联系。近十多年来,中国的翻译研究艰难但迅速地跨越了从对“信达雅”无休止的争论,乃达、纽马克、卡特福德等西方语言学翻译理论的引入,到对巴斯特等的多元系统、操纵理论、女性主义等翻译思想或流派的评价和接收过程。研究著作不断涌现,翻译理论也取得了突出的成就,研究范围不断扩大,视角也日趋多元化,方法与手段也更为客观、科学。 1 科学观与艺术观的统一 长期以来,翻译研究都陷于诸如形与神,直意与意译,归化与异化等经验主义的二元对立中,而近十多年来引起翻译界激烈争论的当数有关翻译性质的科学观与艺术观。 在《中国翻译》杂志上,劳陇(1996)声称“翻译活动是不受客观规律支配的,所以翻译活动不可能成为科学。” 而唯一正确的道路是:“我们必须在翻译实践的基础之上,集中力量,实事求是地研究和解决翻译理论的基本问题,即Why(为什么),What(是什么)和How(怎么办)的问题,通过广泛的研究,达到共同的、一致的、正确的认识,然后在这个可靠的基础上逐步建立起完整的翻译理论体系来。” 无独有偶,就在同一年,林璋(1996)对翻译和翻译学、科学与艺术等基本概念作了论证,并争论说翻译是一种行为,“翻译始终都在处理聚合关系,对聚合关系的处理贯穿翻译的全过程”,进而得出翻译既不是艺术也不是科学,只是一种技能,而研究翻译行为和翻译结果的翻译学毋庸置疑是一门科学。 相关科学,特别是语言学的发展,促使翻译研究沿着科学方向深入探索,但长期以来,人们基本上是凭借他人或自身的经验进行翻译,大多数论著也不过是经验的总结。从这个意 义上来讲,翻译还只是处于“前科学”阶段,所以许钧(1996)认为翻译是一门正在探索中的科学。 究竟翻译是艺术、科学、还是技巧?这简直比讨论先有鸡还是先有蛋还麻烦,因为翻译可以指翻译活动、翻译行为、翻译现象、翻译方法等。抛开概念的含糊不论,一种艺术未见得不可以有理论。就译者必须运用语言重塑原文中的形象而言,翻译应当是一门艺术;但翻译又不仅仅是艺术,译者的“生命”源泉在于原作之中,译者绝不能只凭直觉,任意发挥,他还得借助语言逻辑去正确理解,因此无论何种翻译都要讲点儿科学。在翻译过程中抽象思维,形象思维与灵感思维是同时运用的,从这点上来讲,翻译应该是科学性与艺术性的统一,故翻译理论研究应彻底摆脱“科学观”与“艺术观”的二元对立(蔡新乐,2005),从而为为翻译理论的建构开辟新的思路和途径。 2 翻译标准多元化 翻译标准是翻译学的核心问题之一,也一直是翻译界争论的焦点。自严复的“信达雅”后,郁达夫从译者的角度提出了“学思得”三字标准。著名的还有林语堂的三字论“信顺美”、傅雷的“神似”论、钱钟书的“化境”说等,但译界公认,这些传统的翻译标准纯属“经验式”、“随想式”的散论,缺乏系统性,精密性和可分析性,而且始终没能摆脱严复的“信达雅”的框架(陈福康,1992)。 在批判继承传统翻译标准的基础上,王东风(1996)对严复的“雅”作了新的阐释,认为“雅”属于言语美,并指出言语美在不同的语体中主要有三种美学形态,即日常口语交际注重的伦理美;公文、科技和政治语体中的规范美;文艺语体追求的艺术美。刘宓庆(1996)则从美学的角度,提出翻译的三条语言审美标准――“真实性”,即对应(equivalence),包括语言的形象对应性;“清晰性”,即条理思路清楚,立意、陈词明晰;“约定性”,即译语的用词要符合约定俗成。 当今一些学者以客观上不存在绝对忠实的译作为由,主张译者放弃对忠实的主观追求。对此,曹明伦(2006)旗帜鲜明地指出以“忠实”为取向的翻译标准永远不会过时,因为以忠实为取向的翻译标准从来就是译者主观上的自律准则,也是人们评判译作质量好坏的客观准绳。当代翻译界仍以推陈出新的方式使用“忠实”这一术语,坚持这一概念,甚至德里达的英文版译者也提出了“忠实原则系统”。 当下越来越多的研究者认为放之四海而皆准的翻译标准并不存在,翻译标准是多元互补的。辜正坤先生(2003)认为:“由于翻译具有多重功能,人类的审美情趣也具有多样性,读者译者具有多层次,翻译手法、译作风格和价值因而势必多样化,而这一切终将导致翻译标准的多元化。” 这一见解可谓是高瞻远瞩,颇具客观性。的确,随着世界多元化的发展,翻译标准也必将呈现多元化。 3 翻译研究的新视角 相关学科的迅猛发展使译学界越来越深刻地认识到翻译研究是一门综合性极强的学科,诸如文化学、传播学、哲学、思维学等都和翻译研究息息相关,这促使译学由单纯的学科内部研究转向与其它学科的交叉性研究。一如周方珠(2005)所言,翻译理论必须突破传统译论的藩篱,将众(下转第171页)(上接第140页)多相关学科的知识融入其中,使其形成多元框架,从而对翻译起到普遍的指导作用。 以往的翻译研究大都是对语言的转换过程进行探讨,较少触及到翻译问题的根源,所以很难从本质上揭示翻译的基本规律,而近年来从思维的角度进行翻译研究的论文和专著与日俱增。“实际上,作为一种跨语际的交流活动,翻译不仅仅是一种语言变化的表象操作,更多的是一种文化思维模式的转换过程(刘金龙,安全勇,2006)。 翻译实际上是一个动态的语用过程和思维过程,其中既有客观因素又有主观特点,所以深入研究人脑的思维活动将是译学研究的突破口。 语料库翻译和机器翻译研究在国内逐渐受到广泛关注,相关文章也是层出不穷,诸如“语料库翻译研究的历史与进展”(刘敬国,2006)让我国的读者对西方语料库的研究获得了比较全面的了解和认识。刘群的“机器翻译研究新进展”(2009)则系统介绍了近年来国际机器翻译,特别是统计机器翻译等方面取得的一些进展。这些研究都更好地拓展了翻译研究的新视角。 4 结语 本文仅从三个方面对国内近十多年的翻译研究作了简要概括,而翻译理论技巧,翻译评论等其他方面未能一一涉及。总的来说,中国的译学研究在十多年的时间里可谓是硕果累累,但在看到成就的同时,我们也应该意识到我国的译学理论的建构仍然处于初级阶段,无论在深度和广度上都还存在着很大的局限性。 首先是批判意识和创新能力不强。无论是对于中国传统的译论还是西方的最新研究成果,我们往往只满足于诠释和效仿,因袭多而创新少,证实多而证伪少。其次是大多数研究还只是停留在语言文化及文学方面的单一的静态的零散对比研究,从哲学、社会学等角度在高层次上研究翻译的功能,或借用心理认知和科学理论深入研究翻译过程的成果却很少,还有待于系统完善,各学科交叉研究与整合有待深入探讨和发展。特别是在语料库翻译研究方面,同西方相比,我们尚有很大的差距。大多数文章仅限于泛泛地对语料库翻译研究进行介绍和评价,而基于语料库的实证性翻译研究却严重不足。 从国内译学研究的长远发展来看,21世纪的译学工作者似乎更需要学会批判性地继承和吸收国内外先进的译学理论,并结合实际进行理论创新,将外来的理论本土化,站在跨学科的角度,不断推进中国的翻译研究向纵深方向发展。
每个学校的论文开题报告和文献综述都是有不同的、细节性的要求的吧？学校会要求统一的模板的。 主要要写的方面包括：研究的目的与选题的意义、重要性，研究对象的现状及存在的问题，本研究的目标与创新点，研究的方法、资料的收集、前期的准备工作等。
论文开题报告基本要素
各部分撰写内容
论文标题应该简洁，且能让读者对论文所研究的主题一目了然。
摘要是对论文提纲的总结，通常不超过1或2页，摘要包含以下内容：
目录应该列出所有带有页码的标题和副标题， 副标题应缩进。
这部分应该从宏观的角度来解释研究背景，缩小研究问题的范围，适当列出相关的参考文献。
这一部分不只是你已经阅读过的相关文献的总结摘要，而是必须对其进行批判性评论，并能够将这些文献与你提出的研究联系起来。
这部分应该告诉读者你想在研究中发现什么。在这部分明确地陈述你的研究问题和假设。在大多数情况下，主要研究问题应该足够广泛，而次要研究问题和假设则更具体，每个问题都应该侧重于研究的某个方面。
英语专业翻译方向论文开题报告范文
以下是由我整理的.英语专业翻译方向论文的开题报告范文，供大家参考!
How to Deal with Ellipsis in English-Chinese Translation
I. Purpose and Significance
With the development of globalization, the world’s political, economic and cultural communications are becoming increasingly frequent. Therefore, the role of translation cannot be ignored. However, the differences between English and Chinese cultures that are reflected in the two languages pose considerable difficulty.
It is acknowledged that when doing translation one can not translate word for word, or sentence by sentence. Therefore, we must use some translation strategies such as amplification, ellipsis, conversion and so on. Ellipsis as one of the basic translation methods plays an essential role in English-Chinese rendition. Translators apply it in order to make their versions more coherent and understandable.
According to the Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary, ellipsis means leaving out a word or words from a sentence deliberately, when the meaning can be understood without them. Ellipsis in translation does not mean cutting some content from the original articles. What could be omitted are words that are useless in translated works or else they will make the versions redundant or disobey the manner of expression in another language.
Some words and phrases are useless in Chinese but necessary in English. Articles in English are the most significant phenomenon from this aspect. They are very important in English, but we can hardly see any reflection of this part in Chinese. Ellipsis is designed on the basis of faithfulness to the original text, making it more fluent, smooth, concise, thus conforming to idiomatic Chinese. The paper will explore ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from five aspects, which are ellipses of pronouns, conjunctions, articles, prepositions, modifications, so as to achieve smoother and clearer communications among China and English-speaking countries.
II. Literature Review
Long before, some people began to learn other countries’ languages to understand others cultures. In China, Xuanzang was the first translator who not only translated the Sanskrit sutras into Chinese, but introduced the first Chinese writings to foreign countries, making foreigners understand China’s ancient culture. Meanwhile, he was the first to translate Lao Tse's works into Sanskrit. Indian scholars had a high opinion of Xuanzang, "In China, there is no such great translator, and also in the human cultural history, we can only say that Xuanzang is the first great translator."(Ye Lang, 2008) We can say that it was Xuanzang who motivated people to know the different parts of the world, their cultures and the peoples who live there. Then, some big countries such as America, China, and so on became a melting pot.(Gu Zhengkun, 2000) People have imperceptibly spent thousands of years in knowing each other.
With China’s entry into WTO and its open-up policy, cross-cultural exchanges are increasingly frequent between this country and others. A lot of foreign tourists come to visit China. While traveling, these foreigners are not satisfied with the translations of the scenic spots. Sometimes, they even feel confused. A lot of problems exist in the translation, such as misuse of words, poor expression of meaning and so on. All of these poor translations do harm to our country’s international image, and cause a lot of inconveniences for the foreign visitors. (Ma Zuyi, 2000). I am fond of tourism and being a free tourist like the others who are good at enjoying their wonderful lives. The love of tourism makes me feel the need to improve the translation. But every time when I have a trip, many unsuitable translations of the names of those scenic spots will embarrass me. Tourism is part of intercultural communication, so proper translation of the scenic spots become more and more important to our country.
Communication plays a significant role in the globalized society. In order to know each other better, people from all over the world have tried a verity of ways. Of course, translation is one of them. All translators have done their best to make the translated works more consistent with the needs of people.(Gu Jinming, 1997) From my perspective, they really have done a great job. And I want to retrospect the cause of their development. After a thorough evaluation, I choose a branch of translation—ellipsis in translation from English to Chinese, then I did the following jobs.
I put all my researches and other stuffs together, and then I found that it is a common case in English and Chinese which draws much academic interest. In 1976, Halliday and Hsan classified ellipsis into nominal, verbal and clausal ellipsis. This classification exerts great influence in academic circle. Thereafter, ellipsis in Chinese and English has been studied according to this theory, which is based on different layers of structure. This kind of study underlines differentiations and similarities of ellipsis in Chinese and English.
Another famous theory to explain ellipsis is Economy Principle. Economy Principle was put forward by Chomsky (1991,1993, and 1995) in his Generate Crammer. It maintains that language and linguistic study follow Economy Principle, which means using the least effort to express the most information. This principle just coincides with ellipsis in function.
In this thesis, I think that brevity is the most obvious and common function of ellipsis, especially in daily language. And in both English and Chinese, people advocate brevity. Shakespeare once remarked, “brevity is the soul of wit”, and in Chinese there are numerous idioms like “yan jian yi gai” (meaning compendious). However, apart from the function of brevity, ellipsis embodies other functions which are also pretty common in the two languages but less noticed.(Hua Xianfa,2002)These functions distribute in both English and Chinese unevenly and represent great colorfulness of language. Exploring other functions of ellipsis and searching for functional recreation in translation will be of much benefit to both English to Chinese and Chinese to English translation.
I found that when Chinese authors try to analyse ellipsis in English to Chinese translation, they always initially put articles in the list. They consider that it is a common phenomenon that Chinese always leave out personal articles. While it is obviously different in English that almost every sentence has a subject, we can see articles fluently. That is because when we translate from English to Chinese, personal articles can be omitted, even though sometimes it may appear once, it can also be omitted if necessary. Furthermore, if the objects can be seen obviously, personal articles should also be omitted. However, it never happens in English. From this point, it is not only allowable but also necessary when we translate personal articles which are objects in sentences into Chinese.
In my point of view, the development of society has in some way has deliberately promoted the way of people’s thinking, translation system has become more and more perfect, people from all over the world have enjoyed the convenience. However, we can not neglect that there are still some problems in this field in China, and we have less influential Chinese translators in the world. Therefore, we still have a long way to go in translation.
III. Feasibility Analysis
This academic paper is a feasible project and the reasons are as follows:
have great interests in the way of English-Chinese translation.
have already studied translation methods and have been familiar with the functions and applications of ellipsis .
have collected enough references both Chinese and Western on ellipsis in
translation and do a scrupulous study of the relationship between them.
have a carefully planned schedule and have worked out a detailed outline of this thesis.
have acquainted myself with the correct format, a clear and complete structure required by the academic paper, and my adequate English competence will enable me to write in fluent and precise English.
instructor is a qualified translator who is familiar with the subject I havechosen.
IV. Problems of the research and solutions
1. Problems
Despite the references I have collected and read, a thorough study of ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from the point of freely using still needs far more. What’s more, owing to the limited ways of getting references in Xinjiang, I will have to make full use of my present resources. Also, this is the first time I have ever written such a serious academic paper. I am therefore a learner and lack the needed training and experience.
2. Solutions
(1) I shall make full use of my already acquired references which come from books, magazines and the Internet as well.
(2) I shall value my own original thoughts and mainly rely on detailed analysis that I have read from the books which have closely idea with my purpose.
(3) When I have difficulties in the writing process, I shall consult my instructor and seek for help.
V. Necessary conditions
1. Our university and school of foreign languages have provided the basic study and research conditions and facilities, including books and journals in the library and reading rooms.
2. The Internet is another source of information and on the campus we have easy access to the Internet.
3. I have been assigned an instructor to guide me through the whole process of planning and writing.
VI. Outline
I. Introduction
A. A Brief Introduction of Ellipsis in Translation
B. What Should We Pay Attention to When Dealing with Ellipsis
C. The Reason Why Ellipsis Is So Widely Used in Translation
1. Chinese Expressions Are Much Briefer Than That of English
2. English Grammar Is Wee-Knit and Complete in Sentence Structure
II. The Principles of Ellipsis
A. Omitted Words Must Be Useless And Unnecessary in the Translated Works
B. The Meaning of the Omitted Words Is Implied in the Test
C. Omitted Words Which Are Self-Evident
Ш. The Functions and Applications of Ellipsis
A. The Coherence of the Meaning of Expression
B. The Coincidence of the Manner of Expression
1. Ellipsis of Articles
a. Ellipsis of Definite Articles
b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Articles
2. Ellipsis of Prepositions
3. Ellipsis of Pronouns
a. Ellipsis of Personal and Impersonal Pronouns
b. Ellipsis of Indefinite Pronouns
c. Ellipsis of Relative Pronouns
4. Ellipsis of Conjunctions
a. Ellipsis of Coordinating Conjunctions
b. Ellipsis of Subordinate Conjunctions
5. Ellipsis of Rhetoric
a. Ellipsis of Repeated Words
b. Ellipsis of Synonyms
英语论文开题报告范文参考
下面是一篇由我为您整理的英语论文的开题报告范文，虽然不是特别好，但也反应了开题报告的格式和写法，有一定的.借鉴价值。
Function and Application of Descriptive Translation Studies
1 Introduction
The intention of this study is to explore possible advantages of Descriptive Translation Studies as in its application in translation practice and translation analysis.
Since early 20th century, translation studies gradually broke away from the marginal status within other related disciplines and established itself as an empirical science. From then on, schools of thought have kept coming out and each claims its legitimacy for existence. Among these schools is Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS).
DTS approaches translation from an empirical perspective. Translation is viewed to be a social activity having significant importance in the receiving culture and for the target community. Therefore, translation is dealt with beyond the linguistic realization and language comparison, and is incorporated in social and cultural context.
My attention was first directed to DTS by its peculiar characteristic of observation, description and explanation. The subject is whatever happens in translation practice, from the determination of prospective function of translation to the process of translator’s choice of strategies, brainstorming and the revision, to the final product making appearance in the target community.
The method of DTS is basically descriptive. The prescriptive tendency and the problem-solution pattern is abandoned. Translation phenomena are noted down. With accumulated data, some underlying truths about translation will come out which will prove to be instructive not only for theoretical probe but also for applied translation practice. I will apply this descriptive method in the case study of this thesis.
A convenient tool has been set up to conduct DTS. “Norm” is operative at every stage of description and explanation. Function, process and product and their relationship as well are skeletal structure of what constitute descriptive studies. Translation phenomena are accounted for with the help of norm.
The case taken in this thesis is the Chinese classic The Dream of Red Mansions. Two English versions translated respectively by Yang Hsien-yi and David Hawks are compared and observations are made in regard to their translation approaches.
In this regard, my observations are limited to several aspects, I hope in-depth observation and explanation will done in light of DTS.
2 Outline
Development and major concepts of DTS
In this part I will describe Holms’ basic map of DTS and the relationship between function, process and product. I will also discuss some important concepts such as pseudo-translation, multiple translation, translationese, norm etc.
Methodolgy
I will in this part discuss the methodology of DTS before I apply the same to the case study in this thesis with emphasis to be placed on semiotic approach and the concept norm.
DTS in contrast to other theories
A contrast study will be conducted here with the objective to find the difference of DTS from other theories such as equivalence theory and the Chinese Xin Da Ya criteria. Some advantage will possibly be shown in this study.
Case study
In this part, translation of The Dream of Red Mansions (also translated as The Story of The Stone) will be under investigation in light of DTS. Translation samples to be quoted here will be selected at random.
Conclusion
Based on the above elaboration of DTS and the case study, possible conclusion will be on the advantage of DTS in specific study of translation. Suggestions on further research efforts will be made also.
(Note: While the topic will remain the same, the above arrangement of contents is subject to change in the process of writing.)
附录1- 引文范例
“It is therefore pointless to try to make TC more scientific than is sensible in view of its complex subject-matter and available methods. Translating is a mental, multi-factorial activity which cannot exhaustively be investigated within a linguistic framework ignoring the person of the translator.”(Wilss, 1982: 217)
“噢，这就是恐水病吧?你们贵族圈子怎么流行起这种病来啦?真够呛的!费芬斯小姐，您喝点茶大概没关系吧!”’(张南峰，1990：59-60)
附录2- 参考文献范例
Wilss, Wolfram. The Science of Translation – Problems and Methods. Gunter Narr Verlag Tubingen,1982.
Newmark, Peter. A Textbook of Translation. New York: Prentice Hall, 1988.
Delabastita, Dirk. Translating Puns: A false Opposition in Translation Studies. Target, 1991(3:2):137-152.