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英语的作文和汉语的作文写法不一样。这是因为英语是意合性语言，而汉语是形合性语言的缘故。
由于这点，所以写英语作文最应该注意的就是要让作文在意上表现的紧密。
就你所提的问题来看，依据上叙英语语言的特点，写英语四六级作文常以三段式最为常见，即首先谈论别人的观点；然后论叙自己的意见，即点题，说明你的观点；最后总结。这是相当于论叙文（议论文）而言的，其它种类的文章也大抵如此。
不过，你若是写其它论文或是水平层次较高的文章，当然就没有什么很固有的结构，也没有必要。但是所有高水平的文章都是基于在一定的基础上的。
一. 英语作文开头方式
1、“开门见山”式
一般来说，文章的开头应尽量做到“开门见山”，即要用简单明了的语言引出文章的话题，使人一开始就能了解文章要说明的内容。
① 对于叙事类的文章，可以在开头把人物、时间、事件和环境交代清楚。如“A Trip to Huangshan（黄山之旅）”的开头可以是：Last month, my family went to Huangshan by train. It took us ten hours to get there. What a long and tiring journey! We were tired but the beautiful scenery excited us.
② 对于论述性的文章，可以在开头处先阐明自己的观点，接着展开进一步的论述。如“The Time and the Money （时间和金钱）” 的开头可以是：Most people say that money is more important than time. But I don't think so. First, when money is used up, you can earn it back, but……
2、回忆性开头
二. 英语作文结尾方式
1、自然结尾，点明主题
随着文章的结束，文章自然而然地结尾。如“Helping the Policeman （帮助警察）”的结尾可以是：The o children were praised by the police and they felt happy. 再如“The Tortoise and the Hare（龟兔赛跑）” 的结尾可以是：When the hare got to the tree, the tortoise had already been there。
第一句可以用一个从句，如：There is an unfetful thing in my mind which occured in last winter that does much good to my futural life. （在我脑海里有一件难忘的事，它发生在去年冬天，这件事对我以后的人生帮助很大。）
结尾呢，可以用一个总结句，带有分析和启发性的句子，如：Life is hard but as long as you are in high spirit stepping on you will overe all dificulties and kiss the bright sunshine.（生活是艰难的，但是只要你振奋精神一直向前，你就会克服一切困难迎来明媚的阳光）
高考英语作文万能开头，结尾高考英语作文开头万能公式：
1. 开头万能公式一：名人名言
经典句型： A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” （适用于已记住的名言）
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. （适用于自编名言）
更多经典句型： As everyone knows, No one can deny that…
2. 开头万能公式二：数字统计 原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。
According to a recent survey, about of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.
看起来这个数字文邹邹的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造：
Honesty 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。
Travel by Bike 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。
Youth 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work？ 根据最近的一项统计调查显示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。
更多句型：
A recent statistics shows that … 写作绝招
结尾万能公式： 1. 结尾万能公式一：如此结论
Obviously（此为过渡短语）， we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.
如果读者很难“显而见之”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了！
更多过渡短语： to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus
更多句型： Thus, it can be concluded that…， Therefore, we can find that…
2. 结尾万能公式二：如此建议
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.
更多句型： Accordingly, I remend that some measures be taken.
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.
开头万能公式 1. 开头万能公式一：名人名言 有人问了，“我没有记住名言，怎么办？尤其是英语名言？”，很好办：编！ 原理：我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的，包括我们欣赏的文章也是，所以尽管编，但是一定要听起来很有道理呦！而且没准将来我们就是名人呢！对吧？ 经典句型： A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” （适用于已记住的名言） It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. （适用于自编名言） 更多经典句型： As everyone knows, No one can deny that… 2. 开头万能公式二：数字统计 原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的，可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一，但编无妨，只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型： According to a recent survey, about of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation. 看起来这个数字文邹邹的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造： Honesty：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。
Travel by Bike：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。 Youth：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work？：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 更多句型： A recent statistics shows that … 结尾万能公式 1. 结尾万能公式一：如此结论 说完了，毕竟要归纳一番，相信各位都有这样的经历，领导长篇大论，到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话，我们马上停止开小差，等待领导说结束语。
也就是说，开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让读者眼前一亮，这样，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子： Obviously（此为过渡短语）， we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others. 如果读者很难“显而见之”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了！ 更多过渡短语： to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus 更多句型： Thus, it can be concluded that…， Therefore, we can find that… 2. 结尾万能公式二：如此建议 如果说“如此禒抚操幌鬲呵叉童常阔结论”是结尾最没用的废话，那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了，因为这里虽然也是废话，但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽！ Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem. 这里的虚拟语气用得很经典，因为考官本来经常考这个句型，而如果我们自己写出来，你说考官会怎么想呢？ 更多句型： Accordingly, I remend that some measures be taken. Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.。
议论文的写作要注意三个要素：1。提出论点；2。组织论据，进行论证；3。得出结论。 常用的论证方法包括夹叙夹议法、例举法、比较对照法、因果法、逻辑推理法（包括归纳法和演绎法）。可以从正面论证，也可以从反面进行反驳。 常规整体构建模式 在一篇文章中，各自然段，各句子都为文章的中心思想服务，各段落之间，句子与句子之间存在着某种逻辑关系。文章段落之间的逻辑关系主要由过渡词来完成，在修辞中称为启、承、转、合。“启”就是开头，“承”是承接，“转”是转折，“合”是综合或总结，一篇文章 与一段文章一样都有“启、承、转、合”关系。 常规段落构建模式 考研英语写作的文章一般包括一个开头段、若干扩展段和一个结尾段。开头段和结尾段 一般比扩展段短。在这里，主要给同学们分析开头段的写作模式。 开头段一定要语言精练，并且直接切入主题。开头段一般不对主题进行深入的探讨，具体的论证或叙述应该在扩展段进行。一般在开头段写四或五句即可。考生应注意以下若干要点： 1） 开头段的作用 概括陈述主题，提出观点或论点，表明写作意图。 2） 写开头段时考生应该避免的若干问题 ① 开头偏离主题太远； ② 使用抱歉或埋怨之词句； ③ 内容不具体，言之无物； ④ 使用不言自明的陈述。 3） 开头段的使用方法 ① 使用引语 使用一段名人名言，或人们常用的谚语，习语，以确定文章的写作和方 向； ② 使用具体详实的数字或数据 引用一些具体详实的数字或数据，然后做出概括性分析，指明问题的症 结所在； ③ 提出问题 提出有争议或探讨性的具体问题，然后加以简要回答或展开引导性简短 讨论； ④ 给出背景 描述具体事件的时间、地点和发生背景等； ⑤ 定义法 针对讨论的主题或问题加以定义，然后进行深入探讨； ⑥ 主题句法 文章一开始就以主题句点明全文主题，然后围绕主题内容进行发展
1、议论文的格式：
议论文的格式应由三个部分组成：<1> 立论部分;<2> 论证部分; <3> 结论部分。一般说来，议论文可分三个基本段落来写：
第一段引出话题;
第二段立论且加以论证;
第三段给出明确的结论。第二段是中心段落，应试者应将主要的内容放在第二段中，同时也要注意开篇及结尾段落的完整性，且应尽量做到首尾呼应，切忌前后矛盾。
2、写作攻略
初中生在写议论文时要首先考虑自己的观点是什么，明确观点后要围绕观点进行论证，最后再进行总结。议论文在写作手法上以议论为主，但有时也要运用说明、叙述、描写等手法。初中议论文的写作格式一般为三段式：开头、主体和结尾。一般写作步骤如下：
第一步：确定主题，引出论点；
第二步：通过摆事实、讲道理来支持自己的观点。所用的事实、原因、理由应紧密地同结论联系在一起；
第三步：得出结论。要简明扼要、回扣全文。
1、【模板范文】
Many students think that they do not need to learn Engish, because they don't plan to go abroad.
But as to me, I am not in favour of this point of view. I think that English is very important to us, so we should learn English well. First of all, in the opening times, if you want to do business with foreigners, you must use English because most of them speak and write in English.
Secondly, in the world today most books are written in English. If you know much English, you can read newspapers and magazines in English. Most important of all, you can learn something more widely.
All in all, I hold the opinion that we should learn English well. And I hope that all the students can use English freely.
2、【模板范文】
Nowadays,many students like to make friends this different people have different opinions.
On the one hand,some
people think it's interesting totalk with friends you will never feel lonely when youare you are lucky enough to make a friend from Englishspeaking country,you can improve your English , it's pretty cool to have several foreign friends.
But every coinhas two a few people have made really goodfriends people are cheated by the ＂friends＂.Besides,it is terrible for students to spen
d much time makingfriends and talking online.
Some people say making friends online is making there is something in what they say.
比较新颖、有创意的开头：
As technologies and the demand for certain services change, many workers will lose their jobs. The responsibility for those people to adjust to such change should belong to the individual worker, not to government or to business.
As a saying goes, "God helps those help themselves", which is true in most cases. But as far as the large numbers of laid-off workers caused by the technological and market changes are concerned, I believe the government and the business certainly have an unshakable responsibility to take.
一、说明原因型模块 Currently, XX has been the order of the day. This does demonstrate the theory —— nothing is more valuable than XX It is clear that (1). If you (2), as a result, your dreams will e true. On the contrary, if you (3).Failure will be following with you. It turns out that all your plan falls through. No one can deny another fact that (4).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know (5).It will exert a profound influence upon (6).With reference to my standpoint, I think (7). 注释： 1、XX的第一个优点 2、支持XX的做法 3、不支持XX的做法 4、XX的第二个优点 5、举例证明优点二 6、说明XX优点三的影响二、说明原因型模块 In recent years, XX has caused a heated debate on (1). The factors for (2).First of all, (3).Then, there es a case that (4). Moreover, (5). Especially when (6).Indeed, these unique points can be collected the remind people that (7).In this way, we should behave just like (8).三、说明原因型模块 For most of us today, (1). From above, we can find that the reasons why (2)are as primary reason, I think, is (3).Second, (4). The third reason, actually, is (5). The significance for (6). Therefore, (7). 注释： 1、人们针对XX的态度和举措 2、归纳现状 3、第一个原因 4、第二个原因 5、第三个原因 6、重申造成现状的最重要原因四、说明原因型模块 These days we often hear that (1).It is mon that (2). Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing, (3).For another, (4). What is more, since(5),it is natural that (6).To solve the problem is not easy at all, but is worth trying. We should do something such as (7) to improve he present situation, and I do believe everything will be better in the future. 注释： 1、提出论题 2、说明现状 3、理由一 4、理由二 5、理由三 6、理由三引起的后果 7、解决方法提纲式作文写作模板 1、对立观点式 A. 有人认为X 是好事，赞成X，为什么？ B. 有人认为X 是坏事，反对X，为什么？ C. 我的看法。
Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。
However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。
2、批驳观点式 A.一个错误观点。 B.我不同意。
Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。
An example they have presented is that 一个例子。（According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响）。
There might be some element of truth in these people's belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. （以下参照辩论文的议论文写法）。
3、社会问题（现象）式 A.一个社会问题或者现象 B.产生的原因 C.对社会和我们生活的影响 D.如何杜绝。（如果是问题的话） E.前景的预测。
Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly bee a mon concern of the public). According to a survey， 调查内容说明这种现象的情况。（或者是一个例子）。
There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面参照辩论式议论文写法。 X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。
A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 同上Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will……辩论式议论文模版（一） Some people believe (argue, recognize, think)that 观点1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 观点2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea. There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all， 论据1. More importantly， 论据2. Most important of all， 论据3. In summary， 总结观点。 As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心。
或From above, we can predict that 预测。 辩论式议论文模版（二） People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 观点1. While others point out that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight. For one thing， 论据1. For another， 论据2. Last but not the least， 论据3. To conclude， 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心。
或。
英语作文怎么写？ 相对于英语的其它题目，作文的综合要求可能更高一点，那么我们就以这次考试的作文为例子来讲讲英语作文怎么写. 首先我先说说同学们在做作文的时候常常遇到的问题，然后我再给出一个大概的解决方法，最后呢，我们联系这次考试的作文题来实战一番. 从我们题目的要求来看，是一个记事的记叙文，并且是一个看图说话类的，所有的素材都在我们的图片里面了.那么我们就要先把图片仔细的看一下，选好线索，显然图片里面的钟暗示我们选择时间为我们的叙事线索.其次要选择好一个时态的问题，我们可以以晚上回忆的方式来叙述这个事情。
那么都是过去时。 那么开头是一个比较困难的事情，大家也许不知道从何说起.这里我给出了一个例子. Our class had already planned to go to Handian Nursing Home to visit those old people living there . We were all eager to go there as soon as we can. And today this time really came, so you could image how happy we were. At about 8:00 in the morning , with tools in hands, we went out of our school towards the Handian Nursing Home 下面我们不必过多的描述在路上的情形，我们重点将描述在敬老院里面的情形. It was about 9:00 when we arrived there. Though we were a little tired, none of us wanted to have a rest. As some of those old people seldom came out, so some of us helped them walk around to breathe the fresh air. Some help them to wash their clothes, and the others swept the ground. Most of us never do such things at home, so we maybe didn't do these well, but we all tried our best. At about 11:55,we had lunch with them, and our monitor stood for us to bless them devoutly. During the lunch time, we were all very happy. After lunch, we had a party with those old people. Before we came here, we had already prepared some songs for them. As we expected, they all felt great pleased with our programs. Though maybe we didn't performed well, the *** ile on their faces made us very happy. 该到说再见的时候了，一定要注意收尾工作. Happy time always goes fast. Though we didn't notice that we had stayed here for a long time, the clock on the wall informed us clearly that it was time for us to go home. So we had to say good bye to those old people. On the way home, we all said this was really a significant day, and we decided to e back again whenever we had time.。
How do yo learn english?Learning english can be a very difficult task for most people,this is because we dont live in a environment where we are forced to speak or write i think the best way to learn english is by municating with others using the lagnguage itself and not just learn from the sure if you live in an environment such as a foreign country and were forced to speak and write english everyday then your english will imprve we must agree that we need to read and write english from the book in order to get the foundations that we need for basic munication,this is essential but as i said,this is only a foundation,what you develop afterwards all depends on your ability to adapt to an environment and your courage.中文翻译：学习英语可以是一个非常艰巨的任务对大多数人来说，这是因为我们没有生活在一个环境下我们不得不说或写英文.所以，我认为最好的方式学习英语是沟通与他人使用语言本身，而不仅仅是学习这本书.进出口确保如果您的环境中生活，如国外，被迫说，写英语日常然后你的英语将成绩显着.虽然我们必须同意，我们需要阅读和书写英语的书籍，以便让基础，我们需要基本通信，这是必要的，但正如我所说，这只是一个基础，你的开发后，一切都取决于您的能够适应环境和你的勇气.你参考一下~。
Though maybe we didn't performed well, the *** ile on their faces made us very happy, and we decided to e back again whenever we had time英语作文怎么写？ 相对于英语的其它题目，作文的综合要求可能更高一点，那么我们就以这次考试的作文为例子来讲讲英语作文怎么写. Though we didn't notice that we had stayed here for a long time, the clock on the wall informed us clearly that it was time for us to go home. So we had to say good bye to those old people, and our monitor stood for us to bless them devoutly. During the lunch time. 首先我先说说同学们在做作文的时候常常遇到的问题，然后我再给出一个大概的解决方法，最后呢，我们联系这次考试的作文题来实战一番. 从我们题目的要求来看，是一个记事的记叙文，并且是一个看图说话类的，所有的素材都在我们的图片里面了.那么我们就要先把图片仔细的看一下， so some of us helped them walk around to breathe the fresh air. On the way home, we all said this was really a significant day, so you could image how happy we were:00 in the morning , with tools in hands. Though we were a little tired, none of us wanted to have a rest. As some of those old people seldom came out. 该到说再见的时候了，一定要注意收尾工作. Happy time always goes fast.其次要选择好一个时态的问题， and the others swept the ground. Most of us never do such things at home，大家也许不知道从何说起， we had already prepared some songs for them. As we expected, they all felt great pleased with our programs. After lunch, we had a party with those old people. Before we came here, but we all tried our best. At about 11，我们可以以晚上回忆的方式来叙述这个事情， we were all very happy, so we maybe didn't do these well:55,we had lunch with them。
那么开头是一个比较困难的事情. Some help them to wash their clothes. At about 8，我们重点将描述在敬老院里面的情形. It was about 9:00 when we arrived there, we went out of our school towards the Handian Nursing Home 下面我们不必过多的描述在路上的情形. We were all eager to go there as soon as we can. And today this time really came.这里我给出了一个例子. Our class had already planned to go to Handian Nursing Home to visit those old people living there 。那么都是过去时，选好线索，显然图片里面的钟暗示我们选择时间为我们的叙事线索。
我来帮你。（我在澳大利亚5年了，英语可以的）是关于关爱儿童的，我觉得对你的水平已经很棒了。 The Caring of Children Do we care about children today? No, people today don't really care about children because we get pushed about by *** s. Children are also getting abused by *** s at home. We children go into shops on our own and we get thrown out, or followed around the shop. The shop owners think that we are going to steal there goods of the shelves without paying for them. The shop owners are having to put up more security cameras and prices of there stock because we are stealing from them. They are putting up the security cameras to watch where and what we are doing in the shop, they are even following us to see what we are doing if the cameras can't see us, and they act as they are putting up new stock on the shelves. If we have bags on our back the shop owner will sometimes ask you to open your bag, so they can see weather you have anything, showing that they don't trust us. Surveys show that one in six children today are getting severely hurt at home by there parents. Only some parents are admitting to hitting there children, and who do get hurt by there parents are to afraid to tell someone about it. Research shows that a few parents put their children's heads under water and held it there, others have poured hot water over them. A few mothers admit to pinching, scratching and biting there children. Some children's parents make them wash there mouths out with salt and/or soap, and if they refuse to eat there supper they are made to eat mustard sandwiches. In recent surveys it is showed that mothers are more likely to hit their children than fathers are, even when the care of the child or children are shared evenly. Half of children in a survey said it was right for there parents to *** ack them and ar
英语作文怎么写？ 相对于英语的其它题目，作文的综合要求可能更高一点，那么我们就以这次考试的作文为例子来讲讲英语作文怎么写. 首先我先说说同学们在做作文的时候常常遇到的问题，然后我再给出一个大概的解决方法，最后呢，我们联系这次考试的作文题来实战一番. 从我们题目的要求来看，是一个记事的记叙文，并且是一个看图说话类的，所有的素材都在我们的图片里面了.那么我们就要先把图片仔细的看一下，选好线索，显然图片里面的钟暗示我们选择时间为我们的叙事线索.其次要选择好一个时态的问题，我们可以以晚上回忆的方式来叙述这个事情。那么都是过去时。 那么开头是一个比较困难的事情，大家也许不知道从何说起.这里我给出了一个例子. Our class had already planned to go to Handian Nursing Home to visit those old people living there . We were all eager to go there as soon as we can. And today this time really came, so you could image how happy we were. At about 8:00 in the morning , with tools in hands, we went out of our school towards the Handian Nursing Home 下面我们不必过多的描述在路上的情形，我们重点将描述在敬老院里面的情形. It was about 9:00 when we arrived there. Though we were a little tired, none of us wanted to have a rest. As some of those old people seldom came out, so some of us helped them walk around to breathe the fresh air. Some help them to wash their clothes, and the others swept the ground. Most of us never do such things at home, so we maybe didn't do these well, but we all tried our best. At about 11:55,we had lunch with them, and our monitor stood for us to bless them devoutly. During the lunch time, we were all very happy. After lunch, we had a party with those old people. Before we came here, we had already prepared some songs for them. As we expected, they all felt great pleased with our programs. Though maybe we didn't performed well, the *** ile on their faces made us very happy. 该到说再见的时候了，一定要注意收尾工作. Happy time always goes fast. Though we didn't notice that we had stayed here for a long time, the clock on the wall informed us clearly that it was time for us to go home. So we had to say good bye to those old people. On the way home, we all said this was really a significant day, and we decided to e back again whenever we had time.
议论文怎么开头如下：
一、 开门见山，直接立论。这是议论文中立论文最常见的方法。 你不妨开宗明义开篇将文章中心论点摆出来，然后再逐层展开论证。例如：
1、现代社会充满了各种诱惑，这就需要我们在选择中善于舍弃。 --《善于舍弃》2、“习惯成自然”，这句老话很有意思。 --《习惯成自然》（叶圣陶）
二、 单刀直入，真接驳论。对于要批驳对方或是材料中的错误观点的议论文，在开头往往先亮出对方的谬论或反动的论点，以便树立靶子，深入批驳。靶子有了，接着下文批驳分析对方的错误论点，也就顺理成章。例如：一般人常常以为，对任何问题不求甚解都是不好的。其实也不尽然。我们虽然不必提倡不求甚解的态度，但是，盲目地反对不求甚解的态度同样没有充分的理由。 --《不求甚解》
三、 提出问题，展开议论。用设问开头，直接提出问题，引起论述，也是议论文开头的一种常见方式。这种开头方法的特点是入题较快，简洁、明快、有力，，既拓展了思路，又吸引了读者，启发思考。例如：什么叫成功?顺手拿过来一本((现代汉语词典)，上面写道：“成功，获得预期的结果。”言简意赅，明白之至。 --《成功》（季羡林）
议论文的开头是很重要的，下面是我为大家整理的议论文万能开头段落，希望对大家有所帮助。
1、生命有时是“驿外断桥边，寂寞开无主”的无奈，但更是“路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索”的执着；生命有时是“欲渡黄河冰塞川，将登太行雪满山”的困窘，但更是“长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海”的豪迈与乐观！
2、青春是用意志的血滴和拼搏的汗水酿成的琼浆——历久弥香；青春是用不凋的希望和不灭的向往编织的彩虹——绚丽辉煌；青春是用永恒的执著和顽强的韧劲筑起的一道铜墙铁壁——固若金汤。
3、信念是巍巍大厦的栋梁，没有它，就只是一堆散乱的砖瓦；信念是滔滔大江的河床，没有它，就只有一片泛滥的波浪；信念是熊熊烈火的引星，没有它，就只有一把冰冷的柴把；信念是远洋巨轮的主机，没有它，就只剩下瘫痪的巨架。
4、没有蓝天的深邃，可以有白云的飘逸；没有大海的壮阔，可以有小溪的优雅；没有原野的芬芳，可以有小草的翠绿。生活中没有旁观者的席位，我们总可以找到自己的位置，自己的光源，自己的声音。
5、不是像企鹅那样静静的站在海边，翘首企盼机会的来临，而是如苍鹰一般不停的翻飞盘旋，执著的寻求。不是面对峰回路转、杂草丛生的前途枉自嗟叹，而是披荆斩棘，举步探索。不是拘泥于命运的禁锢，听凭命运的摆布，而是奋力敲击其神秘的门扉，使之洞开一个新的天地。微笑着，去唱生活的歌谣。
1.“明”，开头必须与全文的主要内容、中心思想紧密相联，为突出中心服务。即文章开头首先要亮明中心论点。
2.“简”，即语言文字要简约，精巧，且不拖沓，最好是开门见山。
3.“美”，文章开头的美是说要有一定的文采、思想或是技巧(比如“设悬念”、“用典故”、“引名言”、“摆现象”、“亮靶子”等等).
常见的写法有直入法、反入法、引出法、设疑法、引用法、比喻法、抒情法。
你好常言道:文无定法。作文的开头往往是由作文的内容、体裁、读者对象、构思技巧和作者的写作功底等综合因素所决定，并无固定的格式。衡量好坏的标准只有一个，那就是看它是不是文章的有机组成部分，能否为文章的内容和中心服务，能否吸引读者读下去。我们学生朋友要善于结合实际，灵活变通，巧妙派生，才能写出好的开篇。作文开头的写法举例：一、开门见山落笔扣题。所谓开门见山，是一种比喻的说法，指的是直截了当地切入要旨。二、引用经典彰显底蕴。开头引用警句、名言、诗句或俗语、谚语等，能增强开端的气势，使人感到峥嵘、高远，达到吸引读者、突出中心的效果。如下例几种常用的:1.诗词开头。以诗句开头，气势磅礴，震撼人心。2.俗语开头。俗语是孩子们所熟悉的，以此开头，倍感亲切，激发兴趣。3.名人名言开头。这种开头法不仅使你所要表达的意思简明扼要，言简意丰，而且能集中地表达文章的主旨，起到画龙点睛的作用，使文章增色不少。4.故事导入。引用一则典故或现实生活中的小故事来开头的方法，可以增加文章的趣味性，能引起读者的兴趣。5、声音开头。对话、琴声、风声、雷声等等，都可以用来开头，信手拈来，渲染氛围。如:请把我的歌，带回你的家，请把你的微笑留下…每当耳边响起这熟悉的旋律，自己就像遇见了多年不见的老朋友一样，感觉格外亲切。三、精辟修辞韵味悠长。用修辞手法开头，易抒写作者心灵的感悟，引发读者赏读的情趣。1.比喻。开头设喻，以引起读者对要说明的事物或道理的兴趣。2.对比。用对比来开头的方法，可以加强文采，有力地突出主题。3.排比。用排比句开头，句式整齐，语势铿锵，促人赏读。如:假如我是小鸟，我会记住那出生时的巢穴;假如我是树苗，我无法忘记那滋养我的土地;假如我是江河，那雪域高原成为我记忆中的烙印…4.设问。设问开头，铺排文气，先声夺人，四、借物联想引发情趣。文章的开头或从远到近，或由此及彼，从别的事物写起，再联想到要写的事物上来，借以烘托要写的事物。五、巧设悬念曲径通幽。开头设置一个悬而未决的问题，引起读者的关注，激发读者的兴趣，同时增加文章的曲折，显现布局之美。六、名人作答启人深思。采用名人作答的方式展开文章，有利增强开端气势，给人高远之感。七、场景描写渲染气氛。描写法即借助某种修辞或某种描写技法，通过对景物的描写，渲染气氛，烘托氛围，为下文人物或事情的开端做好衬托铺垫。八、交代要素引人入胜。交代要素式也是写作文较为常见的一种开头形式，即交代记叙文的几要素:时间、地点、人物和事件。九、介绍背景蓄势待发。以介绍情况、交代背景的方式开篇，可以让读者充分了解事情原委，有利于对整篇文章的正确、顺利解读。这种方法主要用于写一些事件或重要人物的文章。十、概括内容凸显主旨。开头总领全文，下文则围绕着它进行分述，全文因此而比较有条理，而且可以让读者迅速了解文章梗概，一睹为快，为下文的阅读埋下情感基调。十一、巧用倒叙。即文章开头先写出事情的结果，再写出事情的原因和经过，以造成悬念，增强文章的吸引力。十二、抒发感情先声夺人。即文章一开头就将作者的亲身感受和思想感情抒发出来，直抒胸臆，渲染气氛，达到以情感人。
议论文开头要求1.“明”，开头必须与全文的主要内容、中心思想紧密相联，为突出中心服务。即文章开头首先要亮明中心论点。例如：我们的童年大概是在“十万个为什么”里过完的。碰到一切新奇的、感兴趣的事都喜欢用手指着奶声奶气地问上一句：“这个是什么呀?”这完全是出于我们的好奇心。何为好奇心?于我来说，不过三字而已：好，奇，心。(08江苏满分作文《好奇心》)议论文开头要求、“简”，即语言文字要简约，精巧，且不拖沓，最好是开门见山。例1：有一种包容，源于勇敢。(04年北京卷《包容》)例2：人生弯弯曲曲水，世事重重叠叠山。热情去奔跑，去超越，然后才能拾掇失意后的坦然、挫折后的不屈、困苦艰难后的从容。(05年湖南卷《勇敢奔跑，勇敢超越》)议论文开头要求3、“美”，文章开头的美是说要有一定的文采、思想或是技巧(比如“设悬念”、“用典故”、“引名言”、“摆现象”、“亮靶子”等等)。例：古语云：“易有三训，一训简易，二训变易，三训不易”，“易与天地准”，之于常识，不也是如此吗?我们生活在常识中，“春暖花开”、“秋高气爽”，我们不假思索地运用它们，是为简易;同一事物不同时刻有不同的表现，变化无穷，是为变易;常识由生活而来，经久适用，是为不易。故庄子云：“道在便溺”。因常识，于生活，我们泰然。
1.比喻入题，直接扣题 。“理智和情感是人类生活中的两只脚印，人类在认知事物的道路上的每一次成长都和他们的理智及情感有关。”《天平和七弦琴》解说：将理智和情感比作是人类生活中的两只脚印，首句入题，就形象地点出了情感与理智的内在关系——情感与理智对认知具有重要的影响。这样的开头，入题迅速，闪烁着思辨的色彩，令人耳目一新。2.拟人入题，激发想像 。“在蝶的眼中，花是天使，因为花给予她生命的甘露;在花的眼中，蜂是挚友，因为蜂给予她生命的延续。然而在蝶眼中，蜂不过是埋头苦干的笨蛋，在蜂眼中，蝶不过是游戏花间的浪子。” 《学会历史的旁观》）解说：文章开头赋予蝶、蜂、花以人的性情，连物都会带着情感的眼光来评价、认知事物，更何况是情感丰富的人?通过生动贴切的拟人手法，将话题的内在含义巧妙点出，不仅唤起了人们对美好事物的相关联想，更体现了作者的睿智。3.设问入题，启人深思 。“人有七情，自有喜好与厌恶之情，然而，当这种好恶之情掺入对真理的认识时，又会有怎样的影响呢?”《勿以好恶论断之》）解说：一起笔就紧扣情感与认知，以一种假设将读者的思维引向对本质问题的思索，文章的立意显得十分深刻。这样的入题方式，将设问的修辞作用发挥得淋漓尽致，简洁，却分量十足。4.排比入题，先声夺人 。“你会因喜爱北国的皑皑白雪，而对南国的椰树海风不屑一顾吗?你会因沉迷于江南的小桥流水、青瓦白墙，而否定西北‘大漠孤烟’的美吗?你会介意林黛玉‘使性子’，而不看经典名著《红楼梦》吗?你会钟情流行音乐，而厌烦‘沉闷乏味’的古典音乐吗?——古希腊哲人曾说，人是感情的动物。因此，面对大千世界，感情上的亲疏远近、喜好憎恶往往会影响到对人对事的看法。相信每个人的心中都会有架天平，有个自己的标准，用来衡量周遭的一切。”（《心中的天平》）解说：优雅的语言、和谐的音节、丰富的形象还不足以触动你的情感吗?还不足以让你在美的品味中恍然大悟“原来对美的感知，对人对事的看法，都是要受到心中那架天平的影响”吗?5.抒情议论入题，入情入理 。“ 常常是一位亲人的生命如流星般陨落，我们才悲哀于死神的无情;常常是一位朋友在与疾病殊死斗争，我们才诅咒病魔的猖獗横行;常常是我们自己的利益受到了侵犯，我们才正视社会上的毒瘤......感情的叶片时常遮挡住我们理智的目光。”（高考优秀作文《放下感情的叶片》）解说：这样的语言是不是很容易唤起你的共鸣?这样的开头，既饱含着深厚的情感，又折射出理性的色彩。如此入情入理的文字，引导我们触摸到了这样的本质——“感情的叶片时常遮挡住我们理智的目光”。
高中语文教学的重心之一就是议论文写作，作文开头好不好的文章的关键。接下来我为你整理了议论文的开头方法，一起来看看吧。
议论文的开头方法【1】
1、直入法
例：现在有些年轻人慨叹自己生不逢时，没能让自己的才华在兵荒马
乱之时大显身手。然而我却要说：“我是时代幸运儿，因为我有幸生
逢改革时。 ——《有幸生逢改革时》
荆棘鸟用荆棘刺破自己的瞬间，造就了一种永恒——无比动听的歌
声，一种永恒的美;飞蛾扑向火光燃烧自己的瞬间，也造就了一种永
恒——对光明的追求，一种永恒的精神;流星划过天空的那一瞬间，也造就了一种永恒——不屈于黑暗的行为，一种永恒的气概„„这些
事实告诉我们：瞬间可以造就了永恒。 ——《如何用瞬间造就
了永恒》
2、反入法
例：古语说：“君子动口不动手”，讲的是有德之士的有理智的言行，
然而千百年流传下来的这种教化仍然能成为现代人的行动标准。 ——《有感于“君子动口不动手”》
3、(事例)引出法
例：马谡师心自用痛失街亭，关羽大意轻敌卒命荆州。历史用三个字简洁而严正地告诉我们一个真理：骄必败! ——《骄必败》
(对比)引入法
古今中外，凡是在事业上有所造就、取得成功的人，没有不是用辛勤的汗水换来的;反之，那些懒惰昏庸的人，就难得成就事业。由此，我们可以说：勤则成事，惰则败业。
——《说勤》
4、设疑法
例：也许你很聪明，也很勤奋，但你却没有成功。你知道这是为什么吗?让我来告诉你：因为你没有机遇，或者你有机遇，但是你没有及时抓住它。 ——《机遇》
5、引用法
“勿以恶小而为之，勿以善小而不为。”这句话原是三国时期蜀国刘备告诫其子刘禅时说的。这就是说，不要因为恶小就去做它，不要因为善小就不屑去做它。——《勿以恶小而为之》
鲁迅先生说：“不满足是向上的车轮。”他的话很有道理，对我们很
有启发性。不论在学习上，还是在工作上，我们都应该牢记这句至理
名言。 ——《不满足是向上的车轮》
“惟宽可以容人，惟厚可以载物。”实属至理名言。其实宽容别
人，也就是宽容我们自己。给别人一些空间，你获得的将是一片蓝天。让我们拥有这片蓝天，拥有宽容吧!
——《宽容》
议论文的开头方法【2】
6、比喻法
一滴水是小的，一块石是硬的。但一滴滴的水不断地滴在石头的同一
地方，天长日久，水滴竟可穿石，同样一个人一次努力的作用是渺小
的，但是坚持不懈，不断努力，旧后就会成功。 ——《贵在坚持》
7、抒情法
为了爱的荒野吹拂一缕和煦的春风，为了给心的坟墓开垦一片清新的
绿洲，为了让世界更加美好，为了让人间充满温情，让我们来关心别
人。
——《学会关心别人》
8、比兴法
(1)只有启程，才会到达理想和目的地，只有拼搏，才会获得辉煌的成功，只有播种，才会有收获。只有追求，才会品味堂堂正正的人。
(2)盈盈月光，我掬一杯最清的;落落余辉，我拥一缕最暖的;灼灼红叶，我拾一片最热的;萋萋芳草，我摘一束最灿的;漫漫人生，我要采撷世间最重的———毅力。
(3)微笑着，去唱生活的歌谣，不要埋怨生活给予了太多的磨难，不必抱怨生命中有太多的曲折。大海如果失去了巨浪的翻滚，就会失去雄浑;沙漠如果失去了飞沙的狂舞，就会失去壮观。人生如果仅去求得两点一线的一帆风顺，生命也就失去了存在的意义。
(4)蜜蜂因忙碌于花丛之中而被人赞美，燕雀因忙碌于衔泥营巢而为人称道，人生同样因忙碌于理想追求而精彩纷呈。
(5)花朵把春天的门推开，绿荫把夏天的门推开，硕果把秋天的门推开，飞雪把冬天的门推开，真诚把友谊的门推开。
(6)如果你失去了金钱，你只失去了一小部分 ;如果你失去了健康，你只失去了一小半;如果你失去了诚信，那你就几乎一贫如洗了。
(7)一条幽径，曲折迂回中总会激起心旷神怡的向往;一波巨澜，潮起潮落时更能叠出惊心动魄的鸣响;一个故事，遗憾悲婉里才有肝肠寸段的凄凉;一种人生，跌宕困顿中方显惊世骇俗的豪壮。
英语是一种语言，从语言学角度来看，学生在掌握一定数量的词汇与语法知识后，就要用来表达自己的思想、见解，这些落实到纸面上就是英语写作。为提高大家的英语写作能力和技巧，下面我为大家带来英语议论文写作方法附范文，欢迎大家学习!
英语议论文写作方法附范文：
一、议论文部分组成：
1.提出需要议论的议题;
2.摆出正反两方面的观点;
3.表明作者持何种态度;
4.论证自己观点的正确性从而使读者接受自己的观点;
5.小结。
二、写作中注意事项：
1.议题的提出要开门见山，不要拖泥带水，啰啰唆唆
2.正反两方面的观点一般都要摆出，有时也有只强调一种观点的，那么这就等于将上述第二点和第三点合在一起了
3.作者的观点必须鲜明，不能模棱两可
4.论证自己的观点是议论文的最关键的部分。论证手段与英语说明文中的一些写作手法相同，常用的有罗列法、举例法、因果法、比较法等等。
5.对于较长的英语议论文还可以在文章结尾时对全文要点作一小结。
三、范文：
Should Examination Be Abolished (取消)?
The examination system has come to be the main theme (主题)of modern education. One should take an examination andsucceed in passing it before he could be admitted， promoted or graduated. As it plays so important a role in the realm of education (教育的领域) it is under much criticism (评论) as to its validity (有效性) . People who are in favour of it try to develop this system more; those who are against it believe that such a system should be abolished. Should examination be abolished? In my opinion it should be.
Many people think that an examination is the only means to test knowledge， but， in fact， that is not true. A few questions given in an examination could by no means cover the whole field of the subject. Thus those who are able to answer them may be the poorest of the students and yet happen to know just a few points about that subject.
I'd like to say that， because of the existence of the examination system， students pay so much attention to gaining high marks， that they often forget the chief purpose of education. The so-called clever students devote (贡献) themselves to the study of textbooks only. They， of course， know nothing but the skeleton (梗概) of knowledge. The end and aim of education， however， is to enable students to learn how to live. To do this， students must get themselves to do all kinds of training， physicalas well as mental. The present examination system has discouraged students from making such an attempt.
Moreover， since the students try so hard to put their lessons into memory in as short a time as possible， psychologically (心理上来看)， they soon forget the whole subject as soon as the examination is over. Surely this is one of the greatest wastes ever made in the history of civilization.
Lastly， in order to get high marks， there is a great temptation (诱惑) for students to cheat (作弊) in an examination. Indeed， such a practice becomes the means to the end. They cheat their teachers， their parents and also themselves. Such a tendency would impair (损害) our moral standards (道德标准) .
Therefore， I am of the opinion， in conclusion， that the examination system should be abolished.
整理英文论文常用方法及举例：
1. 常用的论证方法
(1) 归纳法：从分析典型，即分析个别事物入手，找出事物的共同特点，然后得出结论。
(2) 推理法：从一般原理出发，对个别事物进行论证、分析，然后得出结论。
(3) 对照法：把正反两方面相互对照，然后加以分析。
(4) 驳论法：先列出错误观点，然后逐条加以批驳，最后阐明自己的观点。
议论文的主要表达方式是议论，但有时也要运用说明、叙述、描写的手法，这些都是为议论的开展创造条件，为论点提供根据的。因此叙述要概括，描写要简洁。
高中英语议论文大多有具体要点的限定，在写作过程中要注意逻辑严密，结构清晰。
2. 写作过程中的注意事项
(1) 写好主题句
主题句必须明确、突出，必须能高度概括所在段落的论据，它的关键词应该在每一个论据中都有重复或适当体现。好的主题句有助于下文的展开论述。所以那种简单、片面的描述或说明的句子是不能够充当主题句的。
(2) 论述要围绕中心
论述要围绕展开，论据要围绕主题句来进行罗列，行文才合逻辑。
(3) 结构清晰
议论文的写作有其约定俗成的议论模式，即从“主题句—论述—结论”去营造文章的基本结构
1． 对立观点式： A．有人认为X 是好事，赞成X， 为什么？ B．有人认为X 是坏事， 反对X，为什么？ C．我的看法。 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。 However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。An example can give the details of this argument: 一个例子。 There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的一个坏处。 2． 批驳观点式： A．一个错误观点。 B．我不同意。 Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。（According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响）。 There might be some element of truth in these people's belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief.（以下参照辩论文的议论文写法）。 3． 社会问题（现象）式 A．一个社会问题或者现象。 B．产生的原因 C．对社会和我们生活的影响 D． 如何杜绝。（如果是问题的话） E． 前景的预测。 Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况。（或者是一个例子） There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon. 下面参照辩论式议论文的写法。 X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will...
英语议论文的写作方法和技巧
你知道关于英语议论文的写作方法和技巧吗？其实不仅在我们中文的作文上会有写作的技巧的，在英语的方面也是如此，那么对于英语议论文的写作技巧有什么不同呢？下面我为大家分享关于英语议论文的写作方法和技巧。
1、确定论点
论点通常在文章的第一段提出。
2、要有足够的论据，可以列举生活的实例
3、论证要有严密的逻辑性
所有事实、原因、理由应紧密地同结论连接起来。
4、层次要清楚
5、态度诚恳、友好，因为议论文重在说理，以理服人
议论文在写作手法上以议论为主，但有时也要运用说明、叙述、描写等手法。议论中的说明常为议论的开展创造条件，或是议论的补充;议论文中的叙述和描写应是为论点提供依据的因此，叙述应该是概括的，描写应该是简要的。
6、论据要充分
欲证明自己的观点必须有充分的证据。作者可以列举事实、展示数据、提供事例、借助常识或利用亲身经历。
议论文尽管有多种写法，但中学生的英语作文都有提示，因此，论点、论据一般都是确定的，我们首先应准确找出论点、论据及其间的相互关系，也即是要找出要点;然后考虑如何组织材料，也即是论证的.方式，短文的写法;还应考虑文章的时态、语态等。议论文常用一般现在时，但述说过去的事实时，可用过去时态;预测将来时，要用将来时态;也经常使用被动语态;有时假设一种虚拟情况时，还需要用上虚拟语气。在考虑了短文的写法、时态、语态等后，可根据行文的需要，使用恰当的连接词，按适当的顺序将写好的句子组合成短文。
议论文写作三要素
议论文主要包括三要素：论点、论据和论证方法。论点必须正确。论据是为说明论点服务的，既要可靠又要充分，事实胜于雄辩，是最好的论据。论据也可以是人们公认的真理，经过实践考验的哲理。论证的方法多种多样，常用的方法有：
1、 归纳法
从分析典型，即分析个别事物入手，找出事物的共同特点，然后得出结论。
2、 推理法
从一般原理出发，对个别事物进行说明、分析，而后得出结论。
3、 对照法
对所有事实、方面进行对照，然后加以分析，得出结论。
4、 驳论法
先列出错误的观点，然后加以逐条批驳，最后阐明自己的`观点。
Good morning, all appraiser committee members. I am *** and my supervisor is *** With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
英语专业毕业论文答开场白
早上好。
尊敬的教授和老师们，女士们，先生们，谢谢您参加口头答辩。
我是XX。首先，我要对我的上司教授的聪明的指导，宝贵的指导和对我的论文的评价表示由衷的感谢。在他的宝贵帮助下，我终于完成了本论文。
我的主题是“历史转折处的悲剧人物”。全文共分六个部分。第一部分将简要介绍Kong和Rip的消极，逃避和保守态度，以及该主题在现实社会中的意义。第二部分将分析这些人物的背景，以显示悲剧的历史必要性。第三部分将进一步探讨悲剧英雄根据其生存环境所遭受的性格败坏，第四部分则是探讨他们在社会中的性格倾向和行为倾向。然后，作者将在第五部分中深入探讨悲剧的根本原因，
谢谢!
英语专业毕业论文答辩开场白
中英文思维和表达方式大不相同。英语是一种静态语言，倾向于使用更多的名词。汉语是动态的，经常使用动词。因此，当我们将英语翻译成中文时，我们应该知道这一点并改变词性。接下来，这是我的论文提纲。在本文的主要部分，我将其分为五个部分。
第一部分介绍语音和转换部分的基本概念。
第二部分讨论了翻译的定义，强调了词性转换在翻译过程中的重要性。
第三部分通过说明性例子给出了四种转换词性的基本方法。英语单词被转换成中文动词，名词，形容词和副词。
第四部分介绍了有关转换的一些问题，并提出了解决这些问题的建议。
第五部分得出一些结论，即语音部分之间的转换对于我们实现良好的翻译是必要的。事实证明，我们可以很好地掌握转换并改进翻译。此外，我们必须不断学习和探索各种翻译实践。
以上就是环球青藤小编关于英语本科毕业论文答辩开场白的相关分享，希望对各位小伙伴们有所帮助，想要了解更多毕业论文相关的内容，欢迎大家关注本平台。
英语论文答辩开场白（精选7篇）
在现在社会，许多人对开场白的掌握需求逐渐增多，开场白应该达到明确您的'意图，使目标愿意和您交流，允许您提出问题的目的。那么，开场白一般是怎么写的呢？以下是我帮大家整理的英语论文答辩开场白，欢迎大家分享。
Good morning,
Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.) :
I am XX. First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor, professorXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis.
My topic is On the tragedy figures at historical turning points(Comparison of KongYiji and Rip Van )The whole thesis consists of 6 parts. The first part will give a brief introduction of the negative, evasive and conservative attitudes of Kong and Rip as well as the topic’s significance in the real society. And the second part is going to analyze the figures’ background to show the historical necessity of the tragedies. In the third part, the tragic heroes’ failing in the character according to their living environment will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about their different tendency of dispositions and behaviors in the society. Then the author will dig into the root causes of the tragedies in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal the ideological weak points of the two countries separately in the last part.
Thank you!
Good morning, all appraiser committee members. I am xxxx and my supervisor is xxx. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is On Transformation of Parts of Speech in Translation. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Different languages have different standards to distinguish parts of speech. Each language has its own special structure. And there are no equivalent parts of speech between different languages. In order to make the target version more idiomatic and standard, the transformation of parts of speech is always used by translators. So the transformation of parts of speech is playing a more important role in English to Chinese based on different characteristics of English and Chinese. For the above facts, I select the subject of“On Transformation of parts of speech”as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this topic we can know the importance of the transformation of parts of speech in English to Chinese translation. Through transformation, we can get the better version and improve the translation skills.
The way of thinking and expressing is quite different between Chinese and English. English is a kind of static languages which tends to use more nouns. While Chinese is a dynamic one in which verbs are often used.
So when we make translation in English to Chinese, we should know this point and shift the parts of speech.
Next, it is an outline of my paper. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into five parts.
Part one presents an introduction to the basic concepts of parts of speech and transformation.
Part two discusses the definition of translation and emphasizes the importance of transformation of parts of speech in the course of translation.
Part three gives four basic ways of transformation of parts of speech through illustrative examples. There are transformed English words into Chinese verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs.
Part four presents some problems about transformation and gives some advise to solve the problems.
Part five draws some conclusions that transformation between parts of speech is necessary for us to achieve good translation. It is demonstrated that we can have a good master of transformation and improve the translation. In addition, we must continuously study and explore in all kinds of translation practices.
OK! That is all. Thank you! Please ask questions.
Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. I am xxx and my supervisor is . With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole years hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style
in A Rose for Emily from a Feminist Perspective. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works , especially gothic literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this short story as this is one of the texts in our intensive teaching course and I have taught this text for more than 3 times . Last but not the least ,as a female , I am keen on the study of feminism. For the above facts, I select the subject of A Study of the Causes of the Gothic Style in A Rose for Emily from a Feminist Perspective as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this short story we can know more about American southern women in certain history and culture and more importantly help women in modern society get a deeper understanding about ourselves ,help us raise our independence and confidence and show more concern for our mental health.
Next , I will present it to you. Here is an outline of my presentation. They are literature review, gothic tradition , the gothic style in the story and the causes of the gothic style .
This paper consists of six parts. Part one presents an introduction to the author William Faulkner and A Rose for Emily by pointing out the purpose and significance of this study. Part two is literature review which introduces the relevant research about this novel at home and abroad and then points out the theoretical basis and methods. Part three gives a timeline of the gothic tradition in literature and explains the main characteristics of gothic works. Part four explains the three aspects of the gothic style in the novel,that is, the death theme, grotesque characters and mystic atmosphere. Part five then explains in detail the causes of the gothic style in this novel: patriarchal oppression, the myth of southern ladyhood and Emily’s attitude towards love. Finally, in the conclusion, the author summarizes the previous parts and emphasizes the significance of the argument of the thesis again.
Ok, thats all. Now you may raise your questions ! I am ready! Thank you !!!
Good morning, appraises committee members and schoolmates. I come from class 08951, and I am Yu Lianfei.
Today, the title of my paper is On the Network Novels. In recent years, the network literature is developing rapidly. Network novel is one of the fast of them. In the middle schools, high schools and even universities, there is no lack of network novels addicts. For the above facts, I select the subject of “on the network novels” as the title of my paper.
Then, I will show it to you. In the main part of this paper, I divide it into four parts, as the concept of network novels, the classification of their authors, the development of network novels and the prospects of that.
The first part, the definition. Its concept can be divided into the generalized and the narrow. And it can also be divided into boys’ and girls’ in another way.
The second part, the classification of their authors. Generally speaking, there are four kinds of authors. The first kind is some people who have favor of literature, they are writing but not for fame. Then, there is some one has favor for literature and also be for fame. The third kind is some people who have explicit goals at the beginning of his writing. And the last kind are some people who just want to express their view, their viewpoint and their feeling with no desire of being published. They take up the most of the authors.
The third part, the development. The network novels’ development can not separate form the development of the net and the literature websites. Its developing process may be divided into three stages approximately. The first stage is from 1996 to 2000. This times literary work often did not strive for (were also not aware of) the fame and fortune, and moreover received the control of tradition. The second stage is beginning of 21st century, mainly contains 2001 and 2002. In this period, the whole network presented the situation of “chaos”. The third stage is from May, 2003 and continues until now. In this period, many schools come into the world, and when a school became a hit there must be many people mimic it.
The last part, the forecast. Looking from the internal strength pattern, the outstanding writers in our country mainly hold one kind of critique and the pessimistic manner to the network novels at present. If each big literature website enlarges their own supervision, the vulgar works, the pornography and bad works like those things, meanwhile hanker for new person’s new article as well as depth ones, the network novels can be accepted by more people.
Not a low-level novel but a kind of enjoyment.
Good morning.
Distinguished professors and teachers, ladies and gentlemen, thank you for attending the oral defense. (或Welcome to attend the oral defense.)
I am XXX. Firstly, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor XXX, for his intellectual guidance, invaluable instructions and comments on my thesis. It is with his valuable assistance that I have finally accomplished this thesis. My topic is XXXXXXXXX.
The whole thesis consists of --- parts.
The first part will give a brief introduction of ------. And the second part is going to analyze ----------.
In the third part, ---------will be further discussed and the fourth part is to talk about --------. Then the author will dig into the root causes of ------- in the fifth part, and sum up the whole paper to reveal --------of ---------in the last part. Thank you!
Good afternoon, all appraiser committee am xsj and my supervisor is zy. With his sincere and intellectual guidance, I have finished my is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and gratefully welcome any correction.
The title of my paper is Heavenly War and Earthly Conflict, an Insight into John Miltons Paradise Lost. I choose this as my topic due to the following reasons. Firstly, I am fond of literature works. Secondly, I am quite familiar with this story as one of texts in British and American literature Selections. Last but not least, I am keen on the study of human nature and the profound significance and instructions for us from John Milton. For the above facts, I select the Heavenly war and earthly conflict an insight into John Miltons Paradise Lost as the title of my paper.
I hope by studying this great poem we can know more about this Literature masterpiece,and I also want to show my own understanding about it.
Next, here is an outline of my presentation and I devide my paper into four parts. Part one presents an introduction of John Milton and Paradise Lost. Part two introduces the main contents of the book of Paradise Lost. Part three gives my own analysis of major characters in Paradise Lost. Part four draws some conclusions by my careful reading and thinking.
OK, that is all. Thank you. Now you may raise your questions. I am ready.
Good morning.
all appraiser committee members. I am xxxx and my supervisor is xxx. With her constant encouragement and guidance, I have finished my paper. Now, it is the show time. I will present my efforts to you and welcome any correction.
Good evening, all the appraiser committee members. I come from HUST, majoring in foreign linguistics and applied linguistics. I am Jaster and my supervisor is . With her sincere and intellectual guidance, for nearly one whole year's hard work, I have finished my paper. Finally, it is the show time. This evening I will present my efforts to you all and I gratefully welcome any correction.