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英语论文摘要
一篇合格的英语硕士论文不仅要按要求规范撰写，还必须是内容完整的，每一部分都不可或缺。论文摘要是英语硕士论文写作必不可少的写作环节，具有高度概括性，独立完整性，自明自含性等特点，起着重要的作用，我们必须加以重视。那么英语硕士论文摘要怎么写?有哪些写作要点?下面笔者具体来讲讲，大家继续往下看。
英语论文摘要写作内容须知
一般来说，英语论文对摘要主要包括了论文所研究的目的和范围、方法和过程、结果和结论三个方面。
就目的和范围而言，主要是简明扼要地陈述撰写论文的原因，常用名词短语前置的句型表示，把重点部分置于最显著的位置加以强调，但同时要兼顾平衡，避免头重脚轻。
就其方法和过程而言。主要源于实践性的论文摘要，能简约地叙述其基本原理、操作程序，使用了哪些新方法，采用了哪些新手段，如词汇手段、语法手段和逻辑承接语等，论文不宜繁琐、沉长。
就其结果和结论而言。是英语论文的核心和焦点，需要在摘要中清楚地表述出来，能直观地表达读者最为关注的问题，也同时反映论文所研究的价值、用途以及意义。
英语论文摘要写作文体要求
英语论文摘要与其他论文摘要在叙述方法上相同，能开门见山、直截了当，用词质朴无华，按照英语论文摘要的标准，一般在200——250个单词左右，要求用语准确，语法规范，句子完整，信息准确，文字精练，逻辑性强，通俗易懂，要避免带感情色彩或广告宣传的词语，不用口语体和非规范缩写词，语句中尽量使用动词靠近主语和重要事实开头，(不得用短语和从句开头)，要减少或取消不必要的背景信息，使之缩小摘要的篇幅。
英语硕士论文摘要写作疑问解答
1. 怎样写英文摘要?
可以按照论文的逻辑结构撰写摘要，如概述、目的、方法、结果、结论、展望的顺序。
概述(30词左右)：用最简洁的语言概括论文内容。例如：This paper is… 或 This study focuses on…
目的'(30词左右)：用To…就可以了，没有必要使用 in order to 或者 for the purpose of 等较长的表述。
方法(50词左右)：尽可能具体地说明操作的步骤，其中注意时态的使用。常用的词汇有：test, study, investigate, examine, analyze, measure, application 等。
结果(50词左右)：直入主题地摆出结果，如 This paper shows… 或 The results are…
结论(60词左右)：删去类似于“The result of the study showed that…” 的赘语，逐条罗列出结论。
展望(20词左右)：指出研究对未来的意义，如 This paper is of great significance in… 或指出不足。
2. 英文摘要有多长?
一般情况下用一段的篇幅完成英文摘要，特殊情况可以分成两到三段，但最好不要超过三段。长度一般为200字到300字之间。
3. 英文摘要用什么语态和人称?
规范的学术文章通常采用被动语态，突出信息。但由于主动语态的表述更为清楚，现在有些地方也要求采用主动语态。
4. 英文摘要用什么人称?
最好不要出现I，we等第一人称代词，而是使用第三人称，如the author等。
5. 英文摘要用什么时态?
摘要的时态以一般现在时为主，表示一种存在于自然界的客观规律。在特殊的情况下可以使用一般过去时或现在完成时，用来表明一定范围内的结论或是某一过程的延续性。描述具体的动作时通常用一般过去时，总结主要的结果时通常用一般现在时。
注意：用paper 做主语来描述论文概况时后面常用一般现在时：This paper aims to focus on… 而采用study 来描述相同的内容时则常用一般过去时：This study investigated…
英语论文摘要写作六大要点
1.要善于运用自己的语言来撰写。摘要是从论文中提炼而成，是一篇论文的骨干和核心，所以又高于论文，这是运用论文的新境界，让读者能一目了然地领会作者对问题的认识和见解，所以，不能在原文词语的基础上简单堆砌和重新编排，需要重新运用语言来写，形成文字上的再创造。
2.要遵循论文的写作顺序来写。对于摘要的撰写要结构严谨，表达简明，语义确切，先写什么，后写什么，应按照逻辑顺序来安排，句子之间上下连贯，互相呼应。只要不是特殊情况，比如倒序，就不得随意更改论文的内容顺序，这样更能体现论文条理清晰。
3.要突出撰写的全面性。一篇摘要应保证内容的完整，作者要慎重恰当地处理，合理加以吸收、集中做到没有大的遗漏，能让读者直观地获取信息。摘要不同于引言，引言往往可以是文章内容的一个方面。
4.要注重撰写的高度概括。摘要是论文的“眼睛”，具有画龙点睛的效果，所以要用全面的、理性的、辩证的分析提炼和升华总结出带有总概括性的观点，学会压缩文字，英语论文就要学会压缩词组词汇，只取要点，删去细枝末节，省去例子，简化描述，避免重复，慎用长句，努力压缩一些繁沉的句子，力争把短语改成字词。如下面的例子：
(1)将His courage; in battle might withoutexaggeration be called lion-like压缩为：
He Was very brave in battle.
(2)将They acted in a manner that rendered them liable toprosecution .压缩为：
They acted illegally.
(3)将John fell into the river and，beforehelp could reach him，he sank.压缩为：
John was drowned in the river.
(4)习惯用but，then，thus，yet，for等最简短的过渡词语，禁止用at，the，Same，time，on the other hand等。
5.要慎重摘要的架构选词。一方面，在针对同一个汉语词对应的英语单词可能会有几个的情况下，要选择专业领域的常用词汇，凸显论文的专业度，同时，对词汇的选择要与句型、语法对应;另一方面，在选择句型上，在不曲解汉语摘要的愿意的前提下，尽量使用复合句，这样，更符合母语使用的阅读习惯。
6.摘要需要反复修改。要对照论文再次疏理，在时态运用上也以简练为佳，常用一般现在时，一般过去时，少用现在完成时，过去完成时，进行时态和其他复合时态基本不用，做到该压缩的压缩，该删减的删减，该充实的充实，该补失的补失，使之形成一篇完整的短文。
综上所述，英语硕士论文摘要对于整篇论文起着不可替代的重要作用，可以毫不夸张的说，它就是论文的精华所在。因此，我们要认真对待该部分的撰写，笔者以上分享了英语硕士论文摘要的写作的相关内容和要点细节，希望对大家有所指导作用。
英文文件的标准字体：
在Microsoft office word里，英文默认字体是TimesNew Roman，比较常用的还有 Arial, Calibri，字号以磅表示，从7px-96px。依据文章要求使用不同磅数的字，常用12 pt/ 14 pt/ 16 pt。
摘要及关键词页上打印格式同论文题名页，中、英文对照，中文题目页在上，英文题目页在下。一般根据提要的内容多少安排打印。中文题目摘要采用宋体一号，加粗，摘要正文部分采用宋体，小四号。
英文摘要
1、英文摘要是应用符合英文语法的文字语言，提供论文内容梗概为目的的短文。（内容基本与中文摘要相同，但不用完全逐句对应）。
2、英文题目、摘要、关键词自成一页（1页即可），放在中文摘要页之后。
3、英文字体与行间距： 统一使用“西文字体”中的“Times New Roman”，1.5倍行间距。
4、英文题目： 使用三号字加粗。
5、英文摘要： “Absract”顶格，使用四号字，并加粗。
英文摘要具体内容使用四号字。
6、英文关键词： “Key Words”顶格，使用四号字并加粗。
下面是关于学术论文英文摘要模板，希望对你们有帮助。
Abstract
Since Dewey developed the concept of “critical thinking”, many scholars abroadhave carried out a series of studies about improving students' critical thinking skills ineducation field. In the 1980s,critical thinking became the target of higher educationprograms in such foreign countries as the US and Canada. It has gained its widespreadattention in China only in recent years. But there are only few studies about it ineducation field. Our traditional English teaching method pays much attention to thetraining of students' linguistic knowledge and language skills but ignores thecultivation of students' critical thinking abilities. In the process of skill practice,teachers often stress the importance of memorizing vocabulary and imitating skillsrigidly,but neglect the students' abilities in analyzing problems and putting forwardinnovative solutions. Therefore, English writing teaching is affected by this andmerely attaches emphasis to train students' reading and writing skills. There are fewstudies which aim at systematically cultivating students' analysis, synthesis, summary,comparison and reasoning skills while they are writing. Therefore,this study aims atdesigning some writings tasks and teaching strategies which can be used to fostercollege students' critical thinking awareness and promote students' all-rounddevelopment.
According to six critical thinking skills,this study was carried out by requiringstudents to hand in an argumentation. All participants in this study are non-Englishmajor college freshmen from a 211 key university. The revised version of Rubric forQualitative Critical Thinking Skills Instrument was used in this study. Withquantitative and qualitative analysis,writing experiment is conducted within a wholesemester to collect data concerning students' learning behavior. Reading-to-write isused in experimental class while traditional method is adopted in control class. Thewriting scores by the experimental and control class were statistically processed bysoftware SPSS 19.0. And also the interview was launched in some of students inexperimental class to assess students' critical thinking abilities reflected in theirwritings-The final analysis indicated that EGAP writing model exerted a significantlypositive influence in improving students' critical thinking skills, especially in arousingstudents' writing enthusiasm and critical thinking awareness. Compared with controlclass, students in experimental class made big progress in writing competence. Inaddition, this study put forward some reform proposals to the teaching of Englishwriting. The study is of great value to instruct students to employ critical thinkingskills in their writing.
Abstract
A large body of research has been conducted on the effects of technology-enhancedEnglish vocabulary learning since the 1960s (Marty, 1981)。 However, no consensus hasbeen reached yet (Choo, Lin, & Pandian,2012; Mohsen & Balakumarohsen, 2011)。
Despite the fact that some narrative reviews have evaluated and explored thesecontradictory results, this study aims at quantifying the overall effectiveness oftechnology-enhanced English vocabulary learning with a different approach to review:meta-analysis and performing in-depth moderator analyses of learning method and testtype further.
Totally, twenty effect sizes from thirteen pieces of primary research are obtainedafter collecting related literature published or unpublished in recent ten years via fourchannels and selecting through three filters. Later, all the primary research is coded anddata are computed in random-effects model with software ComprehensiveMeta-Analysis.
Results show that: (1) Technology has a positively large effect on Englishvocabulary learning according to Cohen's standards as proposed in 1992 (g = 1.26,witha 95% confidential interval of [0.86, 1.66])。 (2) Learning methods (intentional learning,incidental learning, and integrated learning) have impacts on the overall effectiveness.
Heterogeneity exists in the three learning methods (g = 9.22,p = 0,01 < 0.05)，Effectiveness of intentional learning, incidental learning and integrated learning is ^ =0.61, g 二 2.14, g = 0.98 respectively. Incidental learning under technology-enhancedenvironment yields the largest effectiveness on English vocabulary learning. (3) Testtypes (recognition tests, recall tests,recognition + recall tests) also have impacts on theoverall effectiveness. The three test types are heterogeneous as well {Q = 17.04, p =0.000 < 0.05)。 Recognition tests, recall tests, and recognition + recall tests have effectsizes of 3.59,0.71 and 0.37 respectively. Technology-enhanced English vocabularylearning achieves the largest effectiveness in recognition tests.
Abstract
The present study, which is based on the Competing Values Framework (i.e. CVF:a framework to identify the organizational effectiveness and to define organizationalculture)， aims to investigate English teachers, teaching motivation at universities, theirperception of the organizational culture in the target university,their professionalaspiration and how they affect each other. The research questions to be addressed are asfollows: (1) How do the English teachers perceive the organizational culture at theirworkplace? (2) How much effort will the teachers pay for their professionalengagement and aspiration? (3) What kinds of motivation do the English teachers in thetarget university appear to have? (4) How will the organizational culture and theprevious experience affect teachers' motivation?
This study employed four different questionnaires as the research instruments,including one demographic questionnaire and three research questionnaires, i.e. thedemographic questionnaire, the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (i.e. theOCAI) (Cameron & Quinn, 1999)，the Professional Engagement and CareerDevelopment Aspiration-scale (i.e. the PECDA-scale) (Watt & Richardson, 2008b)，andthe Work Tasks Motivation Scale for Teachers Teaching (i.e. the WTMST) (Fernet et al.,2008)，to investigate the above mentioned research questions. The whole investigationtook roughly 12 weeks and involved three stages: the preparation stage,the pilot study,and the main study.
The findings of the present study show that most of the teachers are intrinsicallymotivated and with identified regulation influenced by the performance culture and theclan culture which are the dominant culture types of the target research site. Results alsoindicate that the overseas experience and length of teaching experience affect teachers'perception of tixe organizational culture and motivation. The participants who haveoverseas experience tend to be more with the sense of professionalism, moreintrinsically motivated and be more confident with their competence in the academicarea; and the ones who have longer years of teaching experience are with moreidentified regulation and introjected motivation and are more committed and moreassured of staying in the education field. The participants in the target universitybasically belong to the highly engaged persisters,and the male teachers expect to be theleadership.
Abstract
Owing to the economic, social and academic needs as well as the advantages of EGAP(General Academic Purpose in Chinese College English) itself, there exist 这 great deal ofnecessity and feasibility for applying English for EGAP class. It is our understanding thatwriting plays an extremely important role in the course of EGAP and genre is a quiteinfluential factor in improving students5 writing competency. However,the investigation ofstudents' current writing situation shows that being deeply influenced by traditional writingteaching methods which emphasize grammar and vocabulary; the students have littleknowledge about genre approach theoretically or systematically and lack the awareness ofgenre. Because of this,it becomes necessary to put forward an English writing teachingapproach which is effective as well as applicable to the situation in China so as to enhancetheir writing competence.
This paper firstly gives a brief introduction to the developing trend of EGAP bydiscussing its necessity and applicability in China and the main views of two schools of genretheory, the tiieoretical foundation and genre-based approaches of three main schools of genrestudy and practice. And also,their characteristics are compared and the adaptability inChinese College EGAP class is analyzed, based on which it puts forward a modifiedGenre-based approach in EGAP writing class in order to enhance students' genre awarenessand improve their writing skills.
To achieve this, two non-English major classes of freshmen in East China University ofScience and Technology (ECUST) have been selected as the experimental class andcontrolled class, and the research lasts one semester. The Genre-based approach is applied inthe experimental class following a modified Genre-based approach. And a comparison hasbeen made on the same subject at the beginning and the end of the semester and thecomparison and contrast between the experimental class and controlled class have also beenmade. Owing to various factors,such as learning motivation, different students show variedextent of acceptance to certain teaching approaches. Therefore, emphasis has not only beenput on the overall changes,but also on the individual differences.
There are three hypotheses:
1. Can Genre-based approach enhance students' genre awareness? 2. Can “genreawareness” really improve students' writing ability in EGAP? If the students can get overallimprovement, is there any difference in gender and the students with diverse learningaptitudes because of the individual difference? If some students fail to improve, what's thepossible reason behind it? 3. Will Chinese students accept and adapt to Genre-basedApproach?
Three sets of data from six writing assignments, writing in final-term examination andquestionnaires are collected and analyzed with the help of the software SPSS 19.0. And thestudy indicates that: (1) Genre-based approach has a significant effect in sensitizing students'genre awareness, improving holistic writing competence; (2) during the whole experimentalprocess, girls have a stable superiority over boys, however, boys' improvement fluctuation iscomparatively obvious; (3) students of medium efficiency have the greatest potential to makebig improvement; (4) Unavoidably, in this research there are some students who fail to gainimprovement in terms of writing ability or get changed in terms of writing notions, andthrough analysis it has been found that the main objective reasons are: the difficulty ofwriting itself,the differences of culture and ways of thinking between east and west,thelimited teaching period, etc.; and subjective reasons mainly come from: the limitedcompetence of students themselves, the lack of interest in English writing, etc(5) aoverwhelming majority of students are liable to accept this approach and able to adapt to itpretty well, yet acceptation is not absolutely accompanied by adaptation; (6) feedback is adispensable part in English writing teaching, and more specific feedback will bring strongermotivation in students' self-correcting and developing;In the end,the author presents some limitations in her research and hopes that this cangive some hints and tips to further research in EFL writing classes.
Abstract
In college English listening & speaking classrooms, language and other semioticsystems cooperate together to help students construct meaning. It can be reflected inthe design of textbooks and the use of audios, videos and images, etc. Thus, in thisthesis, the theoretical foundation is the theory of multimodal discourse analysis (MDA)derived from Systemic Functional Linguistics and Social Semiotics. The essence ofMDA is that other semiotic resources such as: images, audios, etc. are as important aslanguage in the meaning-making system. Visual Grammar, Acoustical Grammar andthe integrated frameworks of MDA are the main analysis approaches in this thesis.
Meanwhile, the results of the teaching investigation and the MDA for textbooksare the practical foundation for the multimodal teaching design, providing feasibleand effective suggestions in this thesis. According to the results, it can be concludedthat students have more or less realized multimodality in this course and argue thatmultimodality should be used in moderation; multimodal classroom activities, socialcontent, etc. should be brought into the class; teachers should remind students to payattention to images, fonts change and other multimodal factors in textbooks.
Therefore, when conducting the multimodal teaching design, attention should bepaid to: (1) Modalities influence each other with clear priorities in this course. (2)Words modality and acoustical modality are the primary modalities, while othermodalities are just used as tools to provide supplementary information and to improveteaching efficiency. (3) The chosen modalities should provide supplementaryinformation to make the learning material more easily understood and help studentsconcentrate. Then, on the basis of the above principles and the writer's teachingexperience, a sample teaching design has been worked out, then its' feasibility andeffectiveness have been verified by an empirical study with the method of interview.
Abstract
Degree adverbs play a crucial role in daily language communication. However,owing to their wide varieties and similar meanings, it is hard for language learners toreally master their meanings and usages.
With the aid of AntConc 3.4.lw and based on the corpora of FROWN (TheFreiburg-Brown Corpus of American English)，FLOB (The Freiburg-LOB Corpus ofBritish English) and CLEC (Chinese Learner English Corpus)， the study aims tocompare the actual use of common English degree adverbs in terms of semanticprosody between Chinese EFL learners and native English speakers. The researchprocedures consist of two steps. First, AntConc 3.4.lw is launched to extractconcordance lines of the target node words in each corpus and the semantic featuresof the node words' collocates are analyzed; then, the semantic prosodies of these nodewords are summarized and comparisons are made between the two corpora.
The results indicate that there are differences as well as similarities betweennative English speakers and Chinese learners in their use of semantic prosody.
Chinese EFL learners tend to underuse the negative semantic prosodies of fairly,highly, and totally?,overuse the negative semantic prosodies of extremely; and misusethe semantic prosody of terribly. The results also show that some problems exist inChinese learners' use of semantic prosodies of degree adverbs, and the reasons mayinclude their first language transfer, intralingual transfer, and the lack of informationabout the semantic prosody in dictionaries and textbooks.
英文摘要格式如下：
1、英文摘要是应用符合英文语法的文字语言，提供论文内容梗概为目的的短文（内容基本与中文摘要相同，但不用完全逐句对应）。
2、英文题目、摘要、关键词自成一页（1页即可），放在中文摘要页之后。
3、英文字体与行间距：统一使用“西文字体”中的“Times New Roman”，倍行间距。
4、英文题目：使用三号字加粗。
5、英文摘要：“Absract”顶格，使用四号字，并加粗。英文摘要具体内容使用四号字。
6、英文关键词：“Key Words”顶格，使用四号字并加粗。每个关键词使用四号字。
论文摘要应包含以下内容：
（1）从事这一研究的目的和重要性。
（2）研究的主要内容，指明完成了哪些工作。
（3）获得的基本结论和研究成果，突出论文的新见解。
（4）结论或结果的意义。
以上内容参考：百度百科-摘要
以上内容参考：百度百科-论文摘要
Knowledge and Virtue
Knowledge is one thing, virtue is another; good sense is not conscience, refinement is not humility, nor is largeness and justness of view faith.
Philosophy, however enlightened, however profound, gives no command over the passions, no influential motives, no vivifying principles. Liberal Education makes not the Christian, not the Catholic, but the gentleman.
It is well to be a gentleman, it is well to have a cultivated intellect, a delicate taste, a candid, equitable, dispassionate mind, a noble and courteous bearing in the conduct of life—these are the connatural qualities of a large knowledge; they are the objects of a University.
I am advocating, I shall illustrate and insist upon them; but still, I repeat, they are no guarantee for sanctity or even for conscientiousness, and they may attach to the man of the world, to the profligate, to the heartless, pleasant, alas, and attractive as he shows when decked out in them.
Taken by themselves, they do but seem to be what they are not; they look like virtue at a distance, but they are detected by close observers, and in the long run; and hence it is that they are popularly accused of pretense and hypocrisy, not, I repeat, from their own fault, but because their professors and their admirers persist in taking them for what they are not, and are officious in arrogating for them a praise to which they have no claim.
Quarry the granite rock with razors, or moor the vessel with a thread of silk, then may you hope with such keen and delicate instruments as human knowledge and human reason to contend against those giants, the passion and the pride of man.
知识是一回事，美德是另一回事。好意并非良心，优雅并非谦让，广博与公正的观点也并非信仰。哲学，无论多么富有启迪和深奥莫测，都无法驾驭情感，不具备有影响力的动机，不具有导致生动活泼的原理。文科教育并不造就基督教徒抑或天主教徒，而是造就了绅士。造就一个绅士诚为美事。有教养的才智，优雅的情趣，正直、公正而冷静的头脑，高贵而彬彬有礼的举止--这些是与渊博的学识生来固有的品质, 它也是大学教育的目的。对此我提倡之，并将加以阐释和坚持。然而我要说的是，它们仍然不能确保圣洁，或甚至不能保证诚实。它们可以附庸于世故的俗人，附庸于玩世不恭的浪子。唉，当他们用它伪装起来时，就更增加了他们外表上的冷静、快活和魅力。就其本身而言，它们似乎已远非其本来面目，它们似乎一远看的美德，经久久细察方可探知。因此它们受到广泛的责难，指责其虚饰与伪善。我要强调，这绝非是因为其自身有什么过错，而是因为教授们和赞美者们一味地把它们弄得面目全非，并且还要殷勤地献上其本身并不希冀的赞颂。如若用剃刀就可以开采出花岗岩，用丝线即能系泊位船只，那么，也许你才能希望用人的知识和理性这样美妙而优雅的东西去与人类的情感与高傲那样的庞然大物进行抗争。
A Tribute to the Dog
The best friend a man has in the world may turn against him and become his enemy. His son or daughter that he has reared with loving care may prove ungrateful. Those who are nearest and dearest to us, those whom we trust with our happiness and our good name may become traitors to their faith.
The money that a man has, he may lose. It flies away from him, perhaps when he needs it most. A man's reputation may be sacrificed in a moment of ill-considered action. The people who are prone to fall on their knees to do us honor when success is with us, may be the first to throw the stone of malice when failure settles its cloud upon our heads.
The one absolutely unselfish friend that man can have in this selfish world, the one that never deserts him, the one that never proves ungrateful or treacherous is his dog. A man's dog stands by him in prosperity and in poverty, in health and in sickness. He will sleep on the cold ground, where the wintry winds blow and the snow drives fiercely, if only he may be near his master's side. He will kiss the hand that has no food to offer.
He will lick the wounds and sores that come in encounters with the roughness of the world. He guards the sleep of his pauper master as if he were a prince. When all other friends desert, he remains. When riches take wings, and reputation falls to pieces, he is as constant in his love as the sun in its journey through the heavens.
If fortune drives the master forth, an outcast in the world, friendless and homeless, the faithful dog asks no higher privilege than that of accompanying him, to guard him against danger, to fight against his enemies. And when the last scene of all comes, and death takes his master in its embrace and his body is laid away in the cold ground, no matter if all other friends pursue their way, there by the graveside will the noble dog be found, his head between his paws, his eyes sad, but open in alert watchfulness, faithful and true even in death.
一个人在世上最好的朋友会和他反目，成为他的敌人。他悉心养育的`儿女会不忠不孝。那些和我们最亲近的人，那些我们以幸福和美名信赖的人会背信弃义。一个人拥有的金钱会失去，也许就在他最需要的时候。一个人的名誉会因瞬间的不当之举而丧失贻尽。那些当我们功成名就时跪拜向我们致敬的人也许是第一个在失败的阴云笼罩我们时对我们投石下井。在这个自私的世界里，一个人能有的最无私的，从不抛弃他，从不知恩不报，从不背信弃义的朋友是他的狗。
无论富有或贫穷，无论健康或是患病，一个人的狗总伫立在主人身旁。如果能和主人在一起，它愿意睡在冰冷的地上，任凭寒风凛冽，朔雪飘零。它愿意亲吻没有食物奉送的手;它愿意舔抚艰难人世带来的创痕。它守卫着穷主人安睡如同守卫王子。当所有的朋友离去，它留驻。当财富不翼而飞，当名誉毁之贻尽，它仍然热爱着主人，如日当空，亘古不变。如果在命运驱使下，主人被世人抛弃，众叛亲离，无家可归，忠诚的狗仅仅要求能陪伴主人，守卫他免遭危险，去和他的敌人搏斗。
当最后的时刻来临，死神拥抱着主人，他的驱体掩埋在冰冷的黄土之下，任凭所有的朋友风流云散，就在墓地旁，你可以看见那高尚的狗，它的头伏在两爪之间，双眼神情悲伤，却警觉注视着，忠诚至死。
英语，作为社会生活和国家间交流的重要手段，其地位日益提升。下面是我带来的英文经典 文章 摘抄，欢迎阅读!
英文经典文章摘抄1
The Faculty of Delight
喜悦的能力
Among the mind's powers is one that comes of itself to many children and artists. It need not be lost, to the end of his days, by any one who has ever had it. This is the power of taking delight in a thing, or rather in anything, everything, not as a means to some other end, but just because it is what it is, as the lover dotes on whatever may be the traits of the beloved object. A child in the full health of his mind wifi put his hand flat on the summer turf, feel it, and give a little shiver of private glee at the elastic firmness of the globe. He is not thinking how well it will do for some game or to feed sheep upon. That would be the way of the wooer whose mind runs on his mistress's money. The child's is sheer affection, the true ecstatic sense of the thing's inherent characteristics. No matter what the things may be, no matter what they are good or no good for, there they are, each with a thrilling unique look and feel of its own, like a face; the iron astringently coop under its paint, the painted wood familiarly warmer, the clod crumbling enchantingly down in the hands, with its little dry smell of the sun and of hot nettles ; each common thing a personality marked by delicious differences.
在心智的各种能力中，有一种能力对于许多 儿童 和艺术家来说是与生倶来的，而且一旦获得它，就终身不会失去。这种能力就是对一件事物、甚至对每件事物都感到喜悦的能力。之所以感到喜悦，并不是因为那件事物是达到其他目的的手段，只是因为这件事情本身，正如一个情人觉得他所喜爱的对象是十全十美一样。一个心智健康的儿童也许会把他的手放在夏天的草地上，抚摸着它，他觉得坚实的大地也有点弹性，因而打心眼里感到欣喜。他并不会考虑这草地对于人们玩游戏或用来放羊会有多大好处。如果这样的话，那就是一心贪图钱财的追求者的恶劣行径了。但这孩子内心的喜悦却是至真至纯的，是对这件事物的内在特性感到真正的心醉神迷。不管这些事物是什么，也不管它们对什么有用或者没用，它们自然地存在着，有着自己动人的外观与感觉，就像一张面孔那样;油漆下面冰凉的钢铁，温暖可亲的彩色木料，拿在手中一揉就碎的令人着迷的土块，微微含着日晒与荨麻的干燥气味;各种普通的事物都有着可爱的差别，因而都突显了其独特的性格。
The joy of an Adam new to the garden and just looking round is brought by the normal child to the things that he does as well as those that he sees. To be suffered to do some plain work with the real spade used by mankind can give him a mystical exaltation : to come home with his legs, as the French say, reentering his body from the fatigue of helping the gardener to weed beds sends him to sleep in the glow of a beatitude that is an end in itself…
初到伊甸园的亚当左右张望，充满喜悦，这正是一个正常的儿童在做什么或看什么时所感到的欣喜之情。如果让他拿起人们使用的真正的铲子去做点普通的劳动，那他肯定会感到一种神秘的喜悦。当他经过一番辛劳，帮助园丁把花园里的杂草除掉，两只脚像缩进身体里似的走了回来(像法国人说的那样)，他会在一片纯粹的喜悦之光的照耀下安然睡去……
英文经典文章摘抄2
Serenity
平静
Calmness of mind is one of the beautiful jewels of wisdom. It is the result of long and patient effort in selfcontrol, Its presence is an indication of ripened experience, and of a more than ordinary knowledge of the laws and operations of thought.
心灵的平静是智慧的宝藏，它来自于长期、耐心的自我控制。内心的安宁是经历成熟的表现，也是对思想活动规律的更深入的了解。
A man becomes calm in the measure that he understands himself as a thought evolved being, for such knowledge necessitates the understanding of others as the result of thought, and as he develops a right understanding, and sees more and more clearly the internal relations of things by the action of cause and effect he ceases to fuss and fume and worry and grieve, and remains poised, steadfast, serene.
一个人能否心境平和，取决于他对自己的了解程度，因为如果他想了解别人，就必须先了解自己;当他对人对己有了更深入的了解，并越来越清晰地洞察到事物内部息息相关的因果关系时，他就不会再惊讶、愤怒、焦虑或忧愁，而是以从容、镇定、平和的态度去对待一切。
The calm man, having learned how to govern himself, knows how to adapt himself to others; and they, in turn, reverence his spiritual strength, and feel that they can learn of him and rely upon him. The more tranquil a man becomes, the greater is his success, his influence, his power for good. Even the ordinary trader will find his business prosperity increase as he develops a greater selfcontrol and equanimity, for people will always prefer to deal with a man whose demeanor is strongly equable.
镇静的人知道怎样控制自己，也知道如何去适应与他人相处;反之，别人也会对他的人格魅力表示尊重，并会以他为榜样，认为他是个可靠的人。一个人越是处变不惊，他的成就、影响力和号召力就越大。即使是一个普通商人，如果他遇事能够很好地自我控制并镇定自若，那么他会发现自己的生意蒸蒸日上;因为人们总是更愿意与一个举止从容、沉着冷静的人打交道。
The strong, calm man is always loved and revered. He is like a shadegiving tree in a thirsty land, or a sheltering rock in a storm. "Who does not love a tranquil heart, a sweettempered, balanced life?" It does not matter whether it rains or shines, or what changes come to those possessing these blessings, for they are always sweet, serene, and calm. That exquisite poise of character, which we call serenity is the last lesson of culture, the fruitage of the soul. It is precious as wisdom, more to be desired than gold — yea, than even fine gold. How insignificant mere money seeking looks in comparison with a serene life, a life that dwells in the ocean of truth, beneath the waves, beyond the reach of tempests, in the eternal calm!
坚强、冷静的人总是会赢得人们的好感和敬意;他就像烈日下一棵浓荫遮地的大树，或是暴风雨中能够遮风挡雨的巨岩。“谁不爱一颗安静的心，一个温和、平实的生命呢?”无论是狂风暴雨，还是红曰当空，无论是天翻地覆，还是命运逆转，一切都等闲视之，因为这样的人永远都是谦和、冷静、沉着。那种我们称之为泰然自若的平静性格，是修养的最后一课，也是灵魂之花的硕果。它像智慧一样宝贵，价值胜过黄金一是的，胜过足赤真金。与宁静的生活相比，追逐名利的行为多么不值一提，那是一种在真理的海洋中的生活，在惊涛骇浪之下，远离暴风雨的侵扰，永远存在于宁静之中。
"How many people we know who sour their lives, who ruin all that is sweet and beautiful by explosive tempers, who destroy their poise of character, and make bad blood! It is a question whether the great majority of people do not ruin their lives and mar their happiness by lack of selfcontrol. How few people we meet in life who are well balanced, who have that exquisite poise which is characteristic of the finished character!"
“我们认识的许多人都把自己的生活搞得一片狼藉，他们的怒火破坏了所有美好的事物，同时也摧毁了自己安静的生活，并遗祸后代!现在的问题是，大多数人是否因为缺乏自我控制能力而破坏了自己的生活，损毁了原有的幸福呢?在生活中，我们很少遇到能够做到沉着冷静、拥有成熟的性格所特有的那种平静的人。”
Yes, humanity surges with uncontrolled passion, is tumultuous with ungoverned grief, is blown about by anxiety and doubt. Only the wise man, only he whose thoughts are controlled and purified, makes the winds and the storms of the soul obey him.
是的，人性因为无法控制的激情而躁动不安，因为放任无度的悲伤而起伏波动，因为焦虑和猜疑而备受打击。只有睿智的人，只有控制并净化了思想的人，才能在心灵的世界里呼风唤雨。
Tempesttossed souls, wherever ye may be, under whatsoever conditions ye may live, know this in the o cean of life the isles of blessedness are smiling, and the sunny shore of your ideal awaits your coming. Keep your hand firmly upon the helm of thought. In the bark of your soul reclines the commanding master; he does but sleep; wake him. Selfcontrol is strength; right thought is mastery; calmness is power. Say unto your heart, "Peace, be still!"
经历过暴风雨洗礼的人们，无论你们身在何方，无论你们处境如何，你们都要知道，在生活的海洋中，幸福的岛屿在对你微笑;照耀你理想的阳光就在前方。要牢牢握住思想之舵。在你的灵魂深处，有一个指引你方向的主宰者，他可能还在沉睡，唤醒他吧。自我控制是力量，正确的思想是优势，沉着冷静是能量。要时常对你的心灵说：“平和，安静!”
英文经典文章摘抄3
The Lord is My Shepherd
耶和华是我的牧者
A psalm of David
(大卫的诗)
The LORD is my shepherd,
耶和华是我的牧者，
I shall not be in want.
我必不至缺乏。
He makes me lie down in green pastures,
他使我躺卧在青草地上，
he leads me beside quiet waters,
领我在可安歇的水边。
he restores my soul.
他使我的灵魂苏醒，
He guides me in paths of righteousness for his name's sake.
为自己的名引导我走义路，
Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death,
我虽然行过死荫的幽谷，
I will fear no evil,
也不怕遭害，
for you are with me;
因为你与我同在;
your rod and your staff,
你的杖，你的竿，
they comfort me.
都安慰我。
You prepare a table before me
在我敌人面前，
in the presence of my enemies.
你为我摆设筵席。
You anoint my head with oil;
你用油膏了我的头，
my cup overflows.
使我的福杯满溢。
Surely goodness and love will follow me all the days of my life,
我一生一世必有恩惠慈爱随着我，
and I will dwell in the house of the LORD forever.
我且要住在耶和华的殿中，直到永远!
Oh, my god!
One day a begger was begging,he wondered why the rich never satisfied.He remember a rich man he knew,he thought the rich man had gained enough that he could stop his business and had comfort once for all.But he didn't.His ship broke because of the storm,and his great wealth has gone like the dreams of a night.He thought he would be satisfied if only he could get something to eat.As he thought,a Fortune appeared,the Fortune offered him gold,which would be really gold only if lying in his bag,and every piece that falls upon the ground shall become dust.But the begger didn't react as he thought,he wasn't satisefied with the whole bag and still wanted more.At last the bag burst and he became poorer than before.
Hey dear,i am so sorry that it is not here any more.I like the bird so much.She is so lovely.I really want to keep and take care of it forever.But she is a bird,she needs the sky not the cage.So I let her go.My mom tells me,if you love someone,you should know what he needs and wants.Please five me.It is my way to love your gift.。
with the development of customer consumption concept, more and more customer choose to purchase high price luxury mooncake for gift. it is popular that the mooncake be transferred beeen different panies, anization, and individuals. at this time, people always tend to choose mooncake with luxury package.
as for mooncake itself, there is little difference, the most differences are demonstrated in package, for high price mooncake, there is always a plex package. but why not the simple one.
it is the manufacturers' market strategy to determine it. by this way, the gift market of mooncake may be prompted , and producer may achieve more benefits from the market, furthermore, this market may contribute to internal consumption and GDP growth, to provide more positon for employees.
the disadvantage is that it waste too much recources not for value-added subject. the producer share more risk to enter such market. if the mooncake is stagnant in market, it means high inventory level, the investment may not be refunded in time.
Believe yourself and you will be better
I am a confident child. Everything in the growing very confident I can do! Confidence is also the mother of success! Self-confidence is more important than ability. So with confidence, you will half the battle。So, be confident, you will be better
望采纳
long time ago , There was a king , Name laison . He had three sons , But one day , he lost them..,He was very worried and sad so he went everywhere to look for them. One day he was passing a mountain,he saw some tigers playing in it .He came up to ask if they had seen his sons but got no answer. He went on to a field where some ducks were resting on it .He came up to ask about his lost sons but they also hadn't seen them. Finally he asked his friends in the woods to help him look for his sons .All the animals were very glad to help him because he was always to help others in the usual days .With the help of the animals in the forest his sons were found at the foot of a mountain.Laison thanked them again and again.。
James Carter, the director of a nonprofit anization will provide services to 55 seniors and the older on next Tuesday,which aims at helping seniors realize that they're as young and active as they want to be. Getting older does not mean sitting around waiting to die.His services are available locally and statewide, and covers a large ranges of items concerning with all the aspects of eging peopl's daily life. New activities at the Senior Center include Bingo on Friday and Saturday nights, with a grand prize of $50 will be held each nightin order to help prevent Alzheimer's andosteoporosis。
When the aerials are down, and your spirit is covered with snows of cynici *** and the ice of pessimi *** , then you've grown old, even at 20, but as long as your aerials are up, to catch waves of optimi *** , there's hope you may die young at 80.。
Time's clock runs non-stop.
To realize the value of one year, ask a student who has failed a grade.
To realize the value of one month, ask a mother who has given birth to a premature baby.
To realize the value of one week, ask the editor of a weekly newspaper.
To realize the value of one hour, ask o lover who are waiting to meet.
To realize the value of one minute, ask a traveler who has just missed his train.
To realize the value of one second, ask the motorist who has just avoided an accident.
To realize the value of one millisecond, ask the athlete who has won a silver medal in the Olympics.
Treasure every moment that you have! And remember that time waits for no one. Yesterday is history. Tomorrow is a mystery. Today is a gift. That's why it's called the present!
Kate looked at Paul disapprovingly: You use much too much salt on your food, Paul — it's not good for you!” Paul put down his knife and frowned:”Why on earth not! If you didn't have salt on your food it would taste awful„ like eating cardboard or sand„ just imagine bread without salt in it, or potatoes or pasta cooked without salt!” Kate was patient. She didn't want to quarrel with Paul. She wanted to persuade him. She said firmly:”But too much salt is bad for you. It cause high blood pressure and latter on, heart-attacks. It also disguises the taste of food, the real tastes which are much more subtle than salt, and which we have lost the sensitivity to appreciate any more.”。
Abstract: Human resources are strategic resources for the modern enterprise ①, enterprise development is the most critical factor, and incentives are an important part of human resources, it is a psychological term referring to stimulate the mental processes of human behavior. In essence, is to promote the object of some kind of managed organization to achieve goals beneficial to the specific motives and in accordance with the way organizations need to make organizations more quickly and better goals. In today's world, into almost all the managers are seeking to work and the best way to achieve the best efficiency. The manager, by definition, is work with people and play a guiding role. To do this, how to mobilize staff and workers, to enable them to organizational goals and services, has become an urgent need to address each and every manager one of the issues. According to studies by psychologists, human motivation is associated with the need, is motivated by the people themselves to promote the. As for the motive, it is a way to provide spiritual strength, vitality and power, and the ability to guide behavior to achieve the objective state of mind. It is precisely because this state of human behavior can play a stimulating, promoting and strengthening the role. This also can be good or bad use of incentive mechanisms to some extent determine the success of enterprise is a very important factor.Keywords: incentive mechanism an important factor in determining human resource management role
英文摘要格式如下：
1、英文摘要是应用符合英文语法的文字语言，提供论文内容梗概为目的的短文（内容基本与中文摘要相同，但不用完全逐句对应）。
2、英文题目、摘要、关键词自成一页（1页即可），放在中文摘要页之后。
3、英文字体与行间距：统一使用“西文字体”中的“Times New Roman”，倍行间距。
4、英文题目：使用三号字加粗。
5、英文摘要：“Absract”顶格，使用四号字，并加粗。英文摘要具体内容使用四号字。
6、英文关键词：“Key Words”顶格，使用四号字并加粗。每个关键词使用四号字。
论文摘要应包含以下内容：
（1）从事这一研究的目的和重要性。
（2）研究的主要内容，指明完成了哪些工作。
（3）获得的基本结论和研究成果，突出论文的新见解。
（4）结论或结果的意义。
以上内容参考：百度百科-摘要
以上内容参考：百度百科-论文摘要