百度文库的文档涉及各个领域,资源丰富,不用扣除财富值就能免费下载,操作十分简单,下面就为大家提供百度文库怎么免费下载的具体操作步骤。
目录(三号、黑体、居中、目录两字空四格、与正文...你去脚印论文网看一下,里面有很多论文格式模板。
可以到中国知网查查相关方面的资料
1.封面使用学校统一格式,题目居中,学号等内容靠左侧对齐,后面的下画线要整齐。。题目要对论文(设计)的内容有高度的概括性,简明、易读,字数应在20以内。2.中文论文题目论文题目 黑体三号,居中。下面空一行。中文摘要“摘要:“顶头,黑体四号,后面内容采用宋体小四号,摘要应简要说明毕业论文(设计)所研究的内容、目的、实验方法、主要成果和特色,一般为150-300字。下面空一行中文关键词“关键词:“顶头,黑体四号,后面内容采用宋体小四号,关键词一般3-5个,以”,“号隔开,最后一个关键词尾不加标点符号,下面空两行。英文论文题目所有英文采用“Times New roman”字体,黑体三号,加粗,居中。下面空一行。英文摘要和关键词英文摘要和关键词除字体外同中文摘要和关键词的格式要求,但“Abstract:”和“Key words:”要加粗。内容翻译要准确,英文摘要的词汇和语法必须准确。注意:如果内容教多,可以将英文题目、摘要、关键词放到下页。3.目录“目录”两字为黑体3号,居中,下面空一行。第一层次标题“一、”顶头,黑体、小四号,第二层次缩进一字,宋体,小四号,第三层次再缩进一字,宋体,小四号……,页码加小括号,页码前为连续的点,垂直居中。如果采用“1”、“1、1”、“1、1、1”的形式,则每层缩进半字。参考文献按第一层次标题的格式。4.正文正文采用宋体,小四号,每段开头空两字,要符合一般学术论文的写作规范,文理科毕业论文字数一般不少于6000字,工科、艺术类专业毕业设计字数视专业情况而定。论文应文字流畅,语言准确,层次清晰,论点清楚,论据准确,论证完整、严密,有独立的观点和见解,应具备学术性、科学性和一定的创新性。毕业论文内容要实事求是,尊重知识产权,凡引用他人的观点、统计数据或计算公式的要有出处(引注),计算的数据要求真实、客观、准确。标题所有标题左侧空两字,数字标题从大到小的顺序写法应为:“一、”,“(一)”,“1、”,“(1)”,“” 的形式,黑体,小四号,左侧空两字,或者采用“1”、“1、1”、“1、1、1”……的形式,黑体,小四号,左侧顶格。注释采用本学科学术规范,提倡实用脚注,论文所有引用的中外文资料都要注明出处。中外文注释要注明所用资料的原文版作者、书名、出版商、出版年月、页码。图表正文中出现图表时,调整行距至所需大小,返回正文再将行距调整为22磅。5.参考文献参考文献按在正文中出现的先后次序列表于文后;文后以“参考文献:”(左顶格)为标识;参考文献的序号左顶格,并用数字加方括号表示,如[1]、[2]、…,以与正文中的指示序号格式一致。参照ISO690及ISO690-2,每一参考文献条目的最后均以“、”结束。各类参考文献条目的编排格式及示例如下:专著、论文集、学位论文、报告[序号]主要责任者、文献题名[文献类型标识]、出版地:出版者,出版年、起止页码(任选)、(中译本前要加国别)[1] [英]M奥康诺尔著,王耀先译.科技书刊的编译工作[M]、北京:人民教育出版社,1982、56-57、[2] 辛希孟、信息技术与信息服务国际研讨会论文集:A集[C]、北京:中国社会科学出版社,1994、
百度文库的文档涉及各个领域,资源丰富,不用扣除财富值就能免费下载,操作十分简单,下面就为大家提供百度文库怎么免费下载的具体操作步骤。
word或者 wps都有自带论文模板,如果你不会,可以用 论文目录自动生成 功能 在线的,自动式的,千万别把论文发给别人,网上有专门稿子的! 百度一下就行了
论文目录格式自己要学会设置步骤:(以下内容在WORD2003中操作,其它版本WORD略有差别,但大同小异。)1.在[格式]中选[样式与格式]2.出现右边的一条“样式格式”栏,这里面主要就是用到标题1,标题2,标题3。把标题1,标题2,标题3分别应用到文中各个章节的标题上。例如:文中的“第一章 制冷概论”我们就需要用标题1定义。而“制冷技术的发展历史”就用标题2定义。如果有×××那就用标题3来定义。3.当然标题1,标题2,标题3的属性(如字体大小,居中,加粗,等等)可以自行修改的。修改方法:右键点击“标题1”选“修改”,会弹出修改菜单,您可以根据自己的要求自行修改。4.用标题1,2,3分别去定义文中的每一章节。定义时很方便,只要把光标点到“第一章 制冷概论”上,然后用鼠标左键点一下右边的标题1,就定义好了;同样方法用标题2,3定义;;依此类推,第二章,第三章也这样定义,直到全文节尾。5.当都定义好后,我们就可以生成目录了。把光标移到文章最开头你要插入目录的空白位置,选[插入]--[引用]--[索引和目录]6.选第二个选项卡[目录],然后点右下的确定。就OK了。上图就是自动生成的目录7.当你重新修改文章内容后,你需要更新一下目录,方法是:在目录区域内,点右键,选[更新域]8.当选[更新域]后,会出现上图的选框,选第二个“更新整个目录”点确定。就OK了。好了,使用Word自动生成目录的操作大致上就是如我上面所述,您学会了吗?在我实际操作这个生成目录系统的过程中,发现了几点需要注意的,不排除有更加快捷的方法,这几点是偶摸索出来的,可能有点笨,大家都知道了,不过还是供大家参考下:1.标题一,标题二等的模板跟我们论文的要求不一样,但都可以改的,特别是中间那栏的段落间距,还有格式那里可以改变其他设置,第一次弄的时候不知道还觉得这个系统没啥用。2.生成出来的目录可以通过最上面那个标尺改变首字的位置(不知道专业应该怎样说),我们学校的目录是全部对齐的,这样就可以解决。3.单独把目录复制出来的话打印的时候会变形的!这点非常关键!所以生成的目录一定要跟原文档一起,这样就牵涉到怎样不在目录编页码,即不从首页开始编页码的问题,百度上面的有点混乱,给大家说一下我自己的实际操作。A.页码从第二页开始“插入”——“页码”——“格式”——不选“续前页”——“起始页码”设为0“文件”——“页面设置”——“版式”——“首页不同”打勾——这样页码就实际的第二页开始编为“1”B.页码从任意页开始假如页码要从实际的第三页开始编,将光标移至第二页的最后,“插入”——“分隔符”——“分节符类型”——“下一页”“视图”——“页眉与页脚”——将光标调整至第三页也就是你准备开始编页码的那一页——将“页眉与页脚”工具条上的“链接到前一个”按钮调至不被选中“插入”——“页码”——“格式”——不选“续前页”——“起始页码”设为1经过某位高人的指点,发现原来这种方法就可以达成我的要求,昨天一定是遇到灵异事件了。当然你也可以手动做目录,不过排版就不那么美观,因为字符占位不同,排版就不整齐。如果自己做目录,就将目录跟正文分两个文档,就解决啦~
我把链接发你,点开输入提取码,在里面下载保存就可以看到你需要的模板了。
毕业论文答辩模板
链接: 提取码:m5dz
按照排版格式来撒250919808有问题问我吧分给我就可以
针对该问题,笔者认为:做好英语论文目录的排版,格式是前提,理清层次是基础,统一体例是保障。具体如下:
论文目录格式自己要学会设置步骤:(以下内容在WORD2003中操作,其它版本WORD略有差别,但大同小异。)1.在[格式]中选[样式与格式]2.出现右边的一条“样式格式”栏,这里面主要就是用到标题1,标题2,标题3。把标题1,标题2,标题3分别应用到文中各个章节的标题上。例如:文中的“第一章 制冷概论”我们就需要用标题1定义。而“制冷技术的发展历史”就用标题2定义。如果有×××那就用标题3来定义。3.当然标题1,标题2,标题3的属性(如字体大小,居中,加粗,等等)可以自行修改的。修改方法:右键点击“标题1”选“修改”,会弹出修改菜单,您可以根据自己的要求自行修改。4.用标题1,2,3分别去定义文中的每一章节。定义时很方便,只要把光标点到“第一章 制冷概论”上,然后用鼠标左键点一下右边的标题1,就定义好了;同样方法用标题2,3定义;;依此类推,第二章,第三章也这样定义,直到全文节尾。5.当都定义好后,我们就可以生成目录了。把光标移到文章最开头你要插入目录的空白位置,选[插入]--[引用]--[索引和目录]6.选第二个选项卡[目录],然后点右下的确定。就OK了。上图就是自动生成的目录7.当你重新修改文章内容后,你需要更新一下目录,方法是:在目录区域内,点右键,选[更新域]8.当选[更新域]后,会出现上图的选框,选第二个“更新整个目录”点确定。就OK了。好了,使用Word自动生成目录的操作大致上就是如我上面所述,您学会了吗?在我实际操作这个生成目录系统的过程中,发现了几点需要注意的,不排除有更加快捷的方法,这几点是偶摸索出来的,可能有点笨,大家都知道了,不过还是供大家参考下:1.标题一,标题二等的模板跟我们论文的要求不一样,但都可以改的,特别是中间那栏的段落间距,还有格式那里可以改变其他设置,第一次弄的时候不知道还觉得这个系统没啥用。2.生成出来的目录可以通过最上面那个标尺改变首字的位置(不知道专业应该怎样说),我们学校的目录是全部对齐的,这样就可以解决。3.单独把目录复制出来的话打印的时候会变形的!这点非常关键!所以生成的目录一定要跟原文档一起,这样就牵涉到怎样不在目录编页码,即不从首页开始编页码的问题,百度上面的有点混乱,给大家说一下我自己的实际操作。A.页码从第二页开始“插入”——“页码”——“格式”——不选“续前页”——“起始页码”设为0“文件”——“页面设置”——“版式”——“首页不同”打勾——这样页码就实际的第二页开始编为“1”B.页码从任意页开始假如页码要从实际的第三页开始编,将光标移至第二页的最后,“插入”——“分隔符”——“分节符类型”——“下一页”“视图”——“页眉与页脚”——将光标调整至第三页也就是你准备开始编页码的那一页——将“页眉与页脚”工具条上的“链接到前一个”按钮调至不被选中“插入”——“页码”——“格式”——不选“续前页”——“起始页码”设为1经过某位高人的指点,发现原来这种方法就可以达成我的要求,昨天一定是遇到灵异事件了。当然你也可以手动做目录,不过排版就不那么美观,因为字符占位不同,排版就不整齐。如果自己做目录,就将目录跟正文分两个文档,就解决啦~
下面是关于学术论文英文摘要模板,希望对你们有帮助。
Abstract
Since Dewey developed the concept of “critical thinking”, many scholars abroadhave carried out a series of studies about improving students' critical thinking skills ineducation field. In the 1980s,critical thinking became the target of higher educationprograms in such foreign countries as the US and Canada. It has gained its widespreadattention in China only in recent years. But there are only few studies about it ineducation field. Our traditional English teaching method pays much attention to thetraining of students' linguistic knowledge and language skills but ignores thecultivation of students' critical thinking abilities. In the process of skill practice,teachers often stress the importance of memorizing vocabulary and imitating skillsrigidly,but neglect the students' abilities in analyzing problems and putting forwardinnovative solutions. Therefore, English writing teaching is affected by this andmerely attaches emphasis to train students' reading and writing skills. There are fewstudies which aim at systematically cultivating students' analysis, synthesis, summary,comparison and reasoning skills while they are writing. Therefore,this study aims atdesigning some writings tasks and teaching strategies which can be used to fostercollege students' critical thinking awareness and promote students' all-rounddevelopment.
According to six critical thinking skills,this study was carried out by requiringstudents to hand in an argumentation. All participants in this study are non-Englishmajor college freshmen from a 211 key university. The revised version of Rubric forQualitative Critical Thinking Skills Instrument was used in this study. Withquantitative and qualitative analysis,writing experiment is conducted within a wholesemester to collect data concerning students' learning behavior. Reading-to-write isused in experimental class while traditional method is adopted in control class. Thewriting scores by the experimental and control class were statistically processed bysoftware SPSS . And also the interview was launched in some of students inexperimental class to assess students' critical thinking abilities reflected in theirwritings-The final analysis indicated that EGAP writing model exerted a significantlypositive influence in improving students' critical thinking skills, especially in arousingstudents' writing enthusiasm and critical thinking awareness. Compared with controlclass, students in experimental class made big progress in writing competence. Inaddition, this study put forward some reform proposals to the teaching of Englishwriting. The study is of great value to instruct students to employ critical thinkingskills in their writing.
Abstract
A large body of research has been conducted on the effects of technology-enhancedEnglish vocabulary learning since the 1960s (Marty, 1981)。 However, no consensus hasbeen reached yet (Choo, Lin, & Pandian,2012; Mohsen & Balakumarohsen, 2011)。
Despite the fact that some narrative reviews have evaluated and explored thesecontradictory results, this study aims at quantifying the overall effectiveness oftechnology-enhanced English vocabulary learning with a different approach to review:meta-analysis and performing in-depth moderator analyses of learning method and testtype further.
Totally, twenty effect sizes from thirteen pieces of primary research are obtainedafter collecting related literature published or unpublished in recent ten years via fourchannels and selecting through three filters. Later, all the primary research is coded anddata are computed in random-effects model with software ComprehensiveMeta-Analysis.
Results show that: (1) Technology has a positively large effect on Englishvocabulary learning according to Cohen's standards as proposed in 1992 (g = 95% confidential interval of [, ])。 (2) Learning methods (intentional learning,incidental learning, and integrated learning) have impacts on the overall effectiveness.
Heterogeneity exists in the three learning methods (g = = 0,01 < ),Effectiveness of intentional learning, incidental learning and integrated learning is ^ =, g 二 , g = respectively. Incidental learning under technology-enhancedenvironment yields the largest effectiveness on English vocabulary learning. (3) Testtypes (recognition tests, recall tests,recognition + recall tests) also have impacts on theoverall effectiveness. The three test types are heterogeneous as well {Q = , p = < )。 Recognition tests, recall tests, and recognition + recall tests have effectsizes of and respectively. Technology-enhanced English vocabularylearning achieves the largest effectiveness in recognition tests.
Abstract
The present study, which is based on the Competing Values Framework (. CVF:a framework to identify the organizational effectiveness and to define organizationalculture), aims to investigate English teachers, teaching motivation at universities, theirperception of the organizational culture in the target university,their professionalaspiration and how they affect each other. The research questions to be addressed are asfollows: (1) How do the English teachers perceive the organizational culture at theirworkplace? (2) How much effort will the teachers pay for their professionalengagement and aspiration? (3) What kinds of motivation do the English teachers in thetarget university appear to have? (4) How will the organizational culture and theprevious experience affect teachers' motivation?
This study employed four different questionnaires as the research instruments,including one demographic questionnaire and three research questionnaires, . thedemographic questionnaire, the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (. theOCAI) (Cameron & Quinn, 1999),the Professional Engagement and CareerDevelopment Aspiration-scale (. the PECDA-scale) (Watt & Richardson, 2008b),andthe Work Tasks Motivation Scale for Teachers Teaching (. the WTMST) (Fernet et al.,2008),to investigate the above mentioned research questions. The whole investigationtook roughly 12 weeks and involved three stages: the preparation stage,the pilot study,and the main study.
The findings of the present study show that most of the teachers are intrinsicallymotivated and with identified regulation influenced by the performance culture and theclan culture which are the dominant culture types of the target research site. Results alsoindicate that the overseas experience and length of teaching experience affect teachers'perception of tixe organizational culture and motivation. The participants who haveoverseas experience tend to be more with the sense of professionalism, moreintrinsically motivated and be more confident with their competence in the academicarea; and the ones who have longer years of teaching experience are with moreidentified regulation and introjected motivation and are more committed and moreassured of staying in the education field. The participants in the target universitybasically belong to the highly engaged persisters,and the male teachers expect to be theleadership.
Abstract
Owing to the economic, social and academic needs as well as the advantages of EGAP(General Academic Purpose in Chinese College English) itself, there exist 这 great deal ofnecessity and feasibility for applying English for EGAP class. It is our understanding thatwriting plays an extremely important role in the course of EGAP and genre is a quiteinfluential factor in improving students5 writing competency. However,the investigation ofstudents' current writing situation shows that being deeply influenced by traditional writingteaching methods which emphasize grammar and vocabulary; the students have littleknowledge about genre approach theoretically or systematically and lack the awareness ofgenre. Because of this,it becomes necessary to put forward an English writing teachingapproach which is effective as well as applicable to the situation in China so as to enhancetheir writing competence.
This paper firstly gives a brief introduction to the developing trend of EGAP bydiscussing its necessity and applicability in China and the main views of two schools of genretheory, the tiieoretical foundation and genre-based approaches of three main schools of genrestudy and practice. And also,their characteristics are compared and the adaptability inChinese College EGAP class is analyzed, based on which it puts forward a modifiedGenre-based approach in EGAP writing class in order to enhance students' genre awarenessand improve their writing skills.
To achieve this, two non-English major classes of freshmen in East China University ofScience and Technology (ECUST) have been selected as the experimental class andcontrolled class, and the research lasts one semester. The Genre-based approach is applied inthe experimental class following a modified Genre-based approach. And a comparison hasbeen made on the same subject at the beginning and the end of the semester and thecomparison and contrast between the experimental class and controlled class have also beenmade. Owing to various factors,such as learning motivation, different students show variedextent of acceptance to certain teaching approaches. Therefore, emphasis has not only beenput on the overall changes,but also on the individual differences.
There are three hypotheses:
1. Can Genre-based approach enhance students' genre awareness? 2. Can “genreawareness” really improve students' writing ability in EGAP? If the students can get overallimprovement, is there any difference in gender and the students with diverse learningaptitudes because of the individual difference? If some students fail to improve, what's thepossible reason behind it? 3. Will Chinese students accept and adapt to Genre-basedApproach?
Three sets of data from six writing assignments, writing in final-term examination andquestionnaires are collected and analyzed with the help of the software SPSS . And thestudy indicates that: (1) Genre-based approach has a significant effect in sensitizing students'genre awareness, improving holistic writing competence; (2) during the whole experimentalprocess, girls have a stable superiority over boys, however, boys' improvement fluctuation iscomparatively obvious; (3) students of medium efficiency have the greatest potential to makebig improvement; (4) Unavoidably, in this research there are some students who fail to gainimprovement in terms of writing ability or get changed in terms of writing notions, andthrough analysis it has been found that the main objective reasons are: the difficulty ofwriting itself,the differences of culture and ways of thinking between east and west,thelimited teaching period, etc.; and subjective reasons mainly come from: the limitedcompetence of students themselves, the lack of interest in English writing, etc(5) aoverwhelming majority of students are liable to accept this approach and able to adapt to itpretty well, yet acceptation is not absolutely accompanied by adaptation; (6) feedback is adispensable part in English writing teaching, and more specific feedback will bring strongermotivation in students' self-correcting and developing;In the end,the author presents some limitations in her research and hopes that this cangive some hints and tips to further research in EFL writing classes.
Abstract
In college English listening & speaking classrooms, language and other semioticsystems cooperate together to help students construct meaning. It can be reflected inthe design of textbooks and the use of audios, videos and images, etc. Thus, in thisthesis, the theoretical foundation is the theory of multimodal discourse analysis (MDA)derived from Systemic Functional Linguistics and Social Semiotics. The essence ofMDA is that other semiotic resources such as: images, audios, etc. are as important aslanguage in the meaning-making system. Visual Grammar, Acoustical Grammar andthe integrated frameworks of MDA are the main analysis approaches in this thesis.
Meanwhile, the results of the teaching investigation and the MDA for textbooksare the practical foundation for the multimodal teaching design, providing feasibleand effective suggestions in this thesis. According to the results, it can be concludedthat students have more or less realized multimodality in this course and argue thatmultimodality should be used in moderation; multimodal classroom activities, socialcontent, etc. should be brought into the class; teachers should remind students to payattention to images, fonts change and other multimodal factors in textbooks.
Therefore, when conducting the multimodal teaching design, attention should bepaid to: (1) Modalities influence each other with clear priorities in this course. (2)Words modality and acoustical modality are the primary modalities, while othermodalities are just used as tools to provide supplementary information and to improveteaching efficiency. (3) The chosen modalities should provide supplementaryinformation to make the learning material more easily understood and help studentsconcentrate. Then, on the basis of the above principles and the writer's teachingexperience, a sample teaching design has been worked out, then its' feasibility andeffectiveness have been verified by an empirical study with the method of interview.
Abstract
Degree adverbs play a crucial role in daily language communication. However,owing to their wide varieties and similar meanings, it is hard for language learners toreally master their meanings and usages.
With the aid of AntConc and based on the corpora of FROWN (TheFreiburg-Brown Corpus of American English),FLOB (The Freiburg-LOB Corpus ofBritish English) and CLEC (Chinese Learner English Corpus), the study aims tocompare the actual use of common English degree adverbs in terms of semanticprosody between Chinese EFL learners and native English speakers. The researchprocedures consist of two steps. First, AntConc is launched to extractconcordance lines of the target node words in each corpus and the semantic featuresof the node words' collocates are analyzed; then, the semantic prosodies of these nodewords are summarized and comparisons are made between the two corpora.
The results indicate that there are differences as well as similarities betweennative English speakers and Chinese learners in their use of semantic prosody.
Chinese EFL learners tend to underuse the negative semantic prosodies of fairly,highly, and totally?,overuse the negative semantic prosodies of extremely; and misusethe semantic prosody of terribly. The results also show that some problems exist inChinese learners' use of semantic prosodies of degree adverbs, and the reasons mayinclude their first language transfer, intralingual transfer, and the lack of informationabout the semantic prosody in dictionaries and textbooks.
目录格式模板
目录格式模板,目录,是指书籍正文前所载的目次,是揭示和报道图书的工具。目录是记录图书的书名、著者、出版与收藏等情况,目录的编辑格式是都非常重要的,以下分享目录格式模板。
策划书目录格式
封面:
1、题目(黑体小二居中)通常要加上单位的标志,注意顺序.
2、主办单位,赞助商,时间(宋体4号)
目录:可以用办公软件自动生成,注意要有层次.
具体内容:
1、概况:原因背景.目的.可行*分析(注意三个角度——①举办方的角度,适不适合该举办方?②赞助商的角度,有没有必要投资?有什么好处?③承办单位/部门的角度,为什么可以做?有什么优势?).此外,可以先总写主办单位,赞助商,技术支持,时间,方式等
2、安排:总括的一个大致的安排,有大致的日程表.
3、具体安排:在上述部分上做细致的阐述.怎么做,什么人做,用什么形式等等.以所有参加者的角度来阐述如何进行,要精细到每一点上去.
4、宣传:要求——要总体给人一种大气,普及广的感觉.方式——广告,海报,传单,广播,电视等等方式.建议方式:表格的方式——一目了然(其中项目包括:宣传类别,宣传媒介,对象—可以适当夸大,具体方式,备注—对用的媒介或方式的补充介绍,可以适当夸大.多用数据.项目可以适当调整).
5、子活动的安排(看情况定.)——安排参照2,3点.
6、费用预算:建议方式——表格包括的内容—阶段,具体时间,事项/地点/规格(实质上就是发生金额的原因),单价,数量,总计.(单价和数量分开写使预算更加严谨,便于双方协商.)
7、突发情况安全保障.——预案.主要是给举办方看,也是给自己看.比如系统的问题,安全问题,嘉宾到场问题等等.这条内容可以让这个方案更加严谨.
8、附录(无论有没有内容都附上这么一条,使策划更加严谨):补充一些必要但是不适合放在以上部分的内容.附上参考的案例.一些参考文献等.
9、小号字,宋体,倍行距,首行往里缩两个字符.
一级标题3号字体,加粗,左对齐,符号统一.二三级标题字号往下减就行了.
设置目录的目的主要是:
1、使读者能够在阅读该论文之前对全文的内容、结构有一个大致的了解,以便读者决定是读还是不读,是精读还是略读等。
2、为读者选读论文中的某个分论点时提供方便。长篇论文,除中心论点外,还有许多分论点。当读者需要进一步了解某个分论点时,就可以依靠目录而节省时间。
目录一般放置在论文正文的前面,因而是论文的'导读图。
要使目录真正起到导读图的作用,必须注意:
1、准确。
目录必须与全文的.纲目相一致。也就是说,本文的标题、分标题与目录存在着一一对应的关系。
2、清楚无误。
目录应逐一标注该行目录在正文中的页码。标注页码必须清楚无误。
3、完整。
目录既然是论文的导读图,因而必然要求具有完整性。也就是要求文章的各项内容,都应在目录中反映出来,不得遗漏。
目录有两种基本类型:
1、用文字表示的目录。
2、用数码表示的目录。这种目录较少见。但长篇大论,便于读者阅读,也有采用这种方式的。
项目设计活动类策划书格式
一、策划书名称
尽可能具体的写出策划书名称,如[天水一中xx活动策划书",置于页面*。
二、活动背景:
这部分内容应根据策划书的特点在以下项目中选取内容重点阐述,具体项目有:基本情况简介、主要执行对象、近期状况、组织部门、活动开展原因、社会影响、以及相关目的动机。
其次应说明问题的环境特征,主要考虑环境的内在优势、弱点、机会及威胁等因素,对其作好全面的分析,将内容重点放 在环境分析的各项因素上,对过去现在的情况进行详细的描述,并通过对情况的预测制定计划。如环境不明,则应该通过调查研究等方式进行分析加以补充。
三、活动目的及意义:
活动的目的、意义应用简洁明了的语言将目的要点表述清楚;在陈述目的要点时,该活动的核心构成或策划的独到之处及由此产生的意义都应该明确写出。
四、具体涉及的各项活动名称:
根据活动的具体内容影响及意义拟定能够全面概括活动的名称。
五、活动目标:
此部分需明示要实现的目标及重点(目标选择需要满足重要*、可行*、时效*)。
六、活动开展细则:
作为策划的正文部分,表现方式要简洁明了,使人容易理解。在此部分中,不仅仅局限于用文字表述,也可适当加入统计图表等;
对策划的各工作项目,应按照 时间的先后顺序排列,绘制实施时间表有助于方案核查。另外,人员的组织配置、活动对象、相应权责及时间地点也应在这部分加以说明,执行的应变程序也应该在这部分加以考虑。
七、经费预算:
活动的各项费用在根据实际情况进行具体、周密的计算后,用清晰明了的形式列出。
八、活动中应注意的问题及细节:
内外环境的变化,不可避免的会给方案的执行带来一些不确定*因素,因此,当环境变化时是否有应变措施,损失的概率是多少,造成的损失多大等也应在策划中加以说明。
九、活动负责人及分工:
注明组织者、参与者姓名、单位(如果是小组策划应注明小组名称、负责人)。
论文目录格式自己要学会设置步骤:(以下内容在WORD2003中操作,其它版本WORD略有差别,但大同小异。)1.在[格式]中选[样式与格式]2.出现右边的一条“样式格式”栏,这里面主要就是用到标题1,标题2,标题3。把标题1,标题2,标题3分别应用到文中各个章节的标题上。例如:文中的“第一章 制冷概论”我们就需要用标题1定义。而“制冷技术的发展历史”就用标题2定义。如果有×××那就用标题3来定义。3.当然标题1,标题2,标题3的属性(如字体大小,居中,加粗,等等)可以自行修改的。修改方法:右键点击“标题1”选“修改”,会弹出修改菜单,您可以根据自己的要求自行修改。4.用标题1,2,3分别去定义文中的每一章节。定义时很方便,只要把光标点到“第一章 制冷概论”上,然后用鼠标左键点一下右边的标题1,就定义好了;同样方法用标题2,3定义;;依此类推,第二章,第三章也这样定义,直到全文节尾。5.当都定义好后,我们就可以生成目录了。把光标移到文章最开头你要插入目录的空白位置,选[插入]--[引用]--[索引和目录]6.选第二个选项卡[目录],然后点右下的确定。就OK了。上图就是自动生成的目录7.当你重新修改文章内容后,你需要更新一下目录,方法是:在目录区域内,点右键,选[更新域]8.当选[更新域]后,会出现上图的选框,选第二个“更新整个目录”点确定。就OK了。好了,使用Word自动生成目录的操作大致上就是如我上面所述,您学会了吗?在我实际操作这个生成目录系统的过程中,发现了几点需要注意的,不排除有更加快捷的方法,这几点是偶摸索出来的,可能有点笨,大家都知道了,不过还是供大家参考下:1.标题一,标题二等的模板跟我们论文的要求不一样,但都可以改的,特别是中间那栏的段落间距,还有格式那里可以改变其他设置,第一次弄的时候不知道还觉得这个系统没啥用。2.生成出来的目录可以通过最上面那个标尺改变首字的位置(不知道专业应该怎样说),我们学校的目录是全部对齐的,这样就可以解决。3.单独把目录复制出来的话打印的时候会变形的!这点非常关键!所以生成的目录一定要跟原文档一起,这样就牵涉到怎样不在目录编页码,即不从首页开始编页码的问题,百度上面的有点混乱,给大家说一下我自己的实际操作。A.页码从第二页开始“插入”——“页码”——“格式”——不选“续前页”——“起始页码”设为0“文件”——“页面设置”——“版式”——“首页不同”打勾——这样页码就实际的第二页开始编为“1”B.页码从任意页开始假如页码要从实际的第三页开始编,将光标移至第二页的最后,“插入”——“分隔符”——“分节符类型”——“下一页”“视图”——“页眉与页脚”——将光标调整至第三页也就是你准备开始编页码的那一页——将“页眉与页脚”工具条上的“链接到前一个”按钮调至不被选中“插入”——“页码”——“格式”——不选“续前页”——“起始页码”设为1经过某位高人的指点,发现原来这种方法就可以达成我的要求,昨天一定是遇到灵异事件了。当然你也可以手动做目录,不过排版就不那么美观,因为字符占位不同,排版就不整齐。如果自己做目录,就将目录跟正文分两个文档,就解决啦~
论文格式1、论文格式的论文题目:(下附署名)要求准确、简练、醒目、新颖。2、论文格式的目录目录是论文中主要段落的简表。(短篇论文不必列目录)3、论文格式的内容提要:是文章主要内容的摘录,要求短、精、完整。字数少可几十字,多不超过三百字为宜。4、论文格式的关键词或主题词关键词是从论文的题名、提要和正文中选取出来的,是对表述论文的中心内容有实质意义的词汇。关键词是用作计算机系统标引论文内容特征的词语,便于信息系统汇集,以供读者检索。每篇论文一般选取3-8个词汇作为关键词,另起一行,排在“提要”的左下方。主题词是经过规范化的词,在确定主题词时,要对论文进行主题分析,依照标引和组配规则转换成主题词表中的规范词语。(参见《汉语主题词表》和《世界汉语主题词表》)。5、论文格式的论文正文:(1)引言:引言又称前言、序言和导言,用在论文的开头。引言一般要概括地写出作者意图,说明选题的目的和意义, 并指出论文写作的范围。引言要短小精悍、紧扣主题。〈2)论文正文:正文是论文的主体,正文应包括论点、论据、论证过程和结论。主体部分包括以下内容:a.提出问题-论点;b.分析问题-论据和论证;c.解决问题-论证方法与步骤;d.结论。6、论文格式的参考文献一篇论文的参考文献是将论文在研究和写作中可参考或引证的主要文献资料,列于论文的末尾。参考文献应另起一页,标注方式按《GB7714-87文后参考文献著录规则》进行。中文:标题--作者--出版物信息(版地、版者、版期)英文:作者--标题--出版物信息所列参考文献的要求是:(1)所列参考文献应是正式出版物,以便读者考证。(2)所列举的参考文献要标明序号、著作或文章的标题、作者、出版物信息。按照上边的论文格式来写,可以使你的论文更加容易被读者了解,被编辑采纳。论文格式模版(天头留出25毫米空白)分类号 密级U C D___________ 编号1 0 4 8 6(此处间隔20毫米) (以上四项用仿宋标4号)武 汉 大 学硕 士 学 位 论 文(论文题目与上一行间隔为25毫米) (以上二行用宋体标2号字)论 文 题 目(题目用楷体标1号字)研 究 生 姓 名:指导教师姓名、职称:学 科、专 业 名 称:研 究 方 向:(以上四项用宋体标4号字)(此处间隔为25毫米)二00八年四月 (黑体标3号字)(地脚留出25毫米空白边缘)分类号 密级U C D 编号 1 0 4 8 6武 汉 大 学硕 士 学 位 论 文大为•卡坦文化框架理论关涉下的林语堂翻译研究研 究 生 姓 名:指导教师姓名、职称:学 科、专 业 名 称:英语语言文学研 究 方 向:翻译理论与实践二00八年四月(地脚留出25 毫米空白边缘)A Study of Lin Yutang’s TranslationsUnder David Katan’s Theory of Cultural Frames(Times New Roman 小二加粗)A ThesisSubmitted in Partial Fulfillment of the RequirementsFor the Master’s Degree of Artsin English Language and Literature(Times New Roman 四号)Candidate:Supervisor:Academie Title: Professor(Times New Roman 四号)April 2008Graduate Program in English Language and LiteratureWuhan University(Times New Roman 四号)郑 重 声 明(宋体四号)本人的学位论文是在导师指导下独立撰写并完成的,学位论文没有剽窃、抄袭,造假等违反学术道德、学术规范和侵权行为,本人愿意承担由此产生的法律责任和法律后果,特此郑重声明。(宋体小四号)学位论文作者 (签名):(宋体小四号)2008年4月30日(宋体小四号)摘 要(黑体标准小二号)Abstract(Times New Roman 黑体标准小二号)说 明:外文内封按论文格式的规定要求打印,但各专业语种可根据本专业的实际而定。分类号:英语H31、俄语 H35、法语 H32、德语 H33、日语 H36。
一、论文选题考生应在指导教师的指导下自选与英语相关的论文题目,选题应尽量做到具体有意义,不宜太大太空泛;论文选题经导师确认后方可开始着手写作。自考本科毕业论文一律用汉语写作。完稿后用A4纸打印一式四份,页面四边距均设置为厘米,正文统一使用宋体小四号字。全文字数不少于5000字。论文写作格式规范应严格按照《自考英语专业本科毕业论文格式范例及写作规范说明》,要特别注意参考文献、摘要及封面的各类规范和细节。选题主要应考虑四个要素:1. 自己熟悉和感兴趣的;2. 有意义且有可操作性的;3. 能比较容易找到十本以上相关研究成果或参考文献的;4. 选题越小越具体越好,而且要有一些自己的idea。写论文前要明确你想研究什么?别人对此已经做了哪些研究,主要有什么观点,你有什么特别的观点?千万不要想把一篇论文写得象十本专著的量,什么都想说,什么都只是蜻蜓点水。也不要把论文写得象教材。如果想参考在核心期刊上已经发表的论文选题,可以浏览参考外国语学院网站上的期刊论文目录. 在论文写作中还有几点需要注意:1)摘要是将论文中最精华的部分言简意赅地表述出来的地方,不是写引言或定义的地方。2)不要有多余空行。缩进、排版和参考文献的标注要符合自考毕业论文格式规范。3)参考文献数量至少要有十项,而且每篇均须标注出处页码,并与文中序号一一对应。4)不要混用中英文标点,中文标点要用全角,英文标点要用半角。5)不要为了强调而盲目使用太绝对又没有充分理据的表述。6)论文中不能出现口语化表述,写好后要多读几遍,反复推敲修订。7)切不可抄袭,凡是别人的都要注明出处。英语论文目录怎么排版?
英语专业毕业论文其实格式和一般其它专业差不多,具体论文格式要以你学校提供的毕业论文模板为准,因为每个学校的论文格式多多少少都是不一样的,如果找不到合适的格式,可以百度下:普刊学术中心,也提供有很多论文格式模板和范文,可以多学习下
^_^,我这里有几个:Stanford 大学 Graduate School of Business 论文库: Term-paper, report and research paper database: Paper Online: Science Research Network: (this is very famous, but some papers require fees here)Mendeley Research Network: 希望对你能有帮助 =)
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