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有关论文汽车的英文文献

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有关论文汽车的英文文献

Electronic brakeforce distribution or EBD or EBFD is an automobile brake technology that automatically varies the amount of force applied to each of a vehicle's brakes, based on road conditions, speed, loading, etc. Always coupled with anti-lock braking systems, EBD can apply more or less braking pressure to each wheel in order to maximize stopping power whilst maintaining vehicular control.[1][2] Typically, the front end carries the most weight and EBD distributes less braking pressure to the rear brakes so the rear brakes do not lock up and cause a skid.[3]How ABS worksUnder heavy braking, vehicle wheels may lock-up. The anti-lock braking system (ABS) monitors wheel speeds and releases pressure on individual wheel brake lines, rapidly pulsing individual brakes to prevent lock-up. During heavy braking, preventing wheel lock-up helps the driver maintain steering control. Modern ABS has four individual brake lines for each wheel, enabling different braking pressure on different road surfaces. For example, less braking pressure is needed to lock a wheel on ice than a wheel which on bare asphalt. If the left wheels are on asphalt and the right wheels are on ice, during an emergency stop, ABS detects the right wheels about to lock and reduces braking force on the right wheels, helping to avoid lock-up and loss of vehicle EBD worksAs per SAE technical paper #920646 - Buschmann et al. "The job of the EBD as a subsystem of the ABS system is to control the effective adhesion utilization by the rear wheels. The pressure of the rear wheels is approximated to the ideal brake force distribution in a partial braking operation. To do so, the conventional brake design is modified in the direction of rear axle overbraking, and the components of the ABS are used. EBD reduces the strain on the hydraulic brake force proportioning valve in the vehicle. EBD optimizes the brake design with regard to: adhesion utilization; driving stability; wear; temperature stress; and pedal force."EBD may work in conjunction with ABS and Electronic Stability Control ("ESC") to minimize yaw accelerations during turns. ESC compares steering wheel angle to vehicle turning rate using a yaw rate sensor. "Yaw" is the vehicle's rotation around its vertical center of gravity (turning left or right). If the yaw sensor detects more/less yaw than the steering wheel angle should create, the car is understeering or oversteering and ESC activates one of the front or rear brakes to rotate the car back into its intended course. For example, if a car is making a left turn and begins to understeer (the car plows forward to the outside of the turn) ESC activates the left rear brake, which will help turn the car left. The sensors are so sensitive, and the actuation is so quick that the system may correct direction before the driver reacts. ABS helps prevent wheel lock-up and EBD helps apply appropriate brake force to make ESC work effectively.

Scott Perl, Albuquerque, . A: Auto racers have told us the main advantage in filling tires with nitrogen instead of ambient air is that nitrogen tends to maintain more consistent tire pressure over a wide range of temperatures. As friction between the tire and pavement drives up the temperature, air with varying amounts of moisture content responds differently and can cause inconsistencies in tire pressure. While racing drivers are more likely to notice the advantages of nitrogen than everyday drivers, we haven't heard of any disadvantages to using it. Skeptics question the practice, noting that ambient air is about 80% nitrogen and that it expands and contracts at the same rate as pure nitrogen. A number of readers say there's no appreciable difference in how the tires will react if filled with nitrogen, especially in everyday use. Q: Is it safe to use cruise control in rain or on wet pavement? -- Scott Brake, Westminster, Calif. A: Car makers often warn that cruise control should be used only in light traffic on open roads and in good weather. There have been reports of accidents involving cruise control when the car lost traction -- or hydroplaned -- in slippery conditions. Some car makers warn that the steady throttle of cruise control -- like keeping one's foot on the gas -- could cause the wheels to spin when they hit a wet or icy patch of road. Car-company representatives say the cruise- control warnings reflect the fact that drivers should be particularly vigilant when conditions are less than ideal, and cruising along on what amounts to partial autopilot tends to lull some drivers into a false sense of security. Q: If an automobile manual suggests a certain weight oil (such as, 5W-30), would adding a quart of a different weight oil (say, 10W-40) between complete oil changes damage the car's engine? -- Gil Ehrenkranz, Potomac, Md. A: Probably not. But today's engines generally are more precisely engineered than those of 20 or 30 years ago. Many of us at some point have topped off our cars with whatever oil happened to be available without causing damage -- at least not that we know of. Auto makers, however, say modern engines can be more sensitive to a change in oil weight, and using the wrong oil, even in small amounts, can hurt an engine's performance and even cause harm. Q: What is a sequential manual transmission? How does it differ from an automatic or a standard manual transmission? -- Harry J. Jaffe, Germantown, Tenn. A: A sequential manual transmission is a gearbox that requires gear changes to be made in order (first to second to third), instead of having a shift pattern with a lever that allows the driver to skip gears. Motorcycles have used such transmissions for decades and racing cars began using them years ago because they allow quicker shifts. Shifting is usually done through levers, buttons or switches. The sequential transmissions advertised today -- mainly in high- performance cars such as Ferraris, Aston Martins and some BMWs -- are technically manual transmissions, except that the clutch and the gear changes are controlled electronically. The advantage is that gear changes can be made more quickly and precisely than a human shifting the old-fashioned way. Traditionalists say the downside is that they simply aren't as much fun to drive and require less driver skill. 意思:斯科特Perl,阿布奎基,.答:汽车赛车已经告诉了我们的主要优势和氮气充填轮胎代替周围的空气是氮倾向于保持更一致的胎压在很大的温度范围内。作为之间的摩擦力的轮胎与路面驱动温度,空气和变化不定的含水量反应,会导致不一致的轮胎压力。虽然赛车驾驶员更容易注意到的优点优点长处的优势,我们比每天氮、磷、钾和还没有收到任何缺点,使用它。怀疑论者质疑的实践,指出空气是大约80%,氮、磷、钾和热胀冷缩速度一样纯氮。大量的读者表示没有欣赏不同的轮胎会如何回应如果充满了氮,尤其是在日常使用。问:它安全巡航控制在雨中或在潮湿的路面吗?斯科特制动、威斯敏斯特宫——。答:汽车制造商经常警告巡航控制应该只用在光路交通开放的好天气。据报道,事故的巡航控制时,车失去牵引力——或者hydroplaned——在滑的条件。一些汽车制造商发出警告,稳定的油门巡航控制——就像一脚的气体——可能导致车轮旋转时,他们打湿或冰的补丁的道路。Car-company代表说,克鲁斯-控制警告反映驾驶员应特别警惕时,条件是少于理想,独自徘徊在什么等于趋于平静一些局部自动驾驶产生了一种虚假的安全感。问:如果一个汽车手册显示有一定的重量油(例如,5W-30),将增加一夸脱的不同,10W-40油(重量)之间的完整的机油变化损害的汽车引擎?吉尔Ehrenkranz、波,——事宜。答:大概不会。但是今天的引擎通常是更精确的工程比20或30年前。我们中的很多人已经超过了我们的汽车和任何可用的石油发生不损坏,至少不是我们所知道的。汽车制造商,然而,现代的引擎,可以更敏感的改变时,油,使用错误的重量,即使在少量的油,能伤害一个引擎的性能,甚至造成伤害。问:什么是一个序列手操作的传动系统。它如何与一个自动或手动传输标准吗?Jaffe >,德国——哈利。答:一个序列机械式变速器齿轮箱,是需要改变是为了(第二次到第三个),而不是有一个工作模式与杆,让车手可以跳过齿轮。使用这种传输摩托车赛车的几十年就开始使用他们,因为他们允许更快年前。通常是通过转移杠杆,按钮或开关。今天的顺序传送——主要是在广告表现等车,阿斯顿·马丁和一些不佳,手动变速器宝马—技术,除了那个离合器和齿轮的变化是控制电子签名。好处是齿轮的变化,可以作出更快速、准确地比人类将传统的方式。传统说不利的是,他们根本不一样的乐趣来驱动,需要更少的司机的技能。还有一篇:Cars in AmericaCars are an important part of lifein the United States. The car made the UnitedStatesanationon helped to make the United States what it is are three main reasons why the car became so popular in the United States. First of all the country is a huge one and Americans like to move around in it. The cars provide the most comfortable and cheapest form of second reason that cars are popular is the fact that the United States never really developed an efficient and inexpensive form of public transportation. Long-distance trains have never been as common in the United States as they are in other parts of the world. Nowadays there is a good system of air service provided by planes. But it is too expensive to be used third reason is the most important one, though. The American spirit of independence is what really made cars popular. Americans don't like to wait for a bus, or a train or even a plane. They don't like to have to follow an exact the freedom a car gives them is what Americans want most to decrease of gas supplies has caused a big problem for Americans. But the answer will not be a bigger system of public transportation. The real solution will have to be a new kind of car, one that does not use so much PollutionEach year there is an increasing number of cars on the roads as millions of new cars are produced. One out of six Americans works at making cars, driving trucks, building roads or filling up gas. Americans couldn't live without cars!Most Americans would find it hard to imagine life without a car. However, some have realized the serious problem of air pollution caused by cars. The polluted air becomes poisonous and dangerous to way to get rid of the polluted air is to make a car without pollution. But to build a clean car is easier said than done. Progress in this field is way is to replace car engines with something else. Inventors are now working on steam cars as well as electric cars. Many makers believe that it will take years to develop a practical model for prevent the world from being polluted by cars, we have to make some changes in our lives. Americans, for example, have to cut down on the number of their total are encouraged to use bicycles, which are thought to help keep the air this change does not come easily. A large number of workers may find themselves without jobs if a car factory cioses down. Thus the problem of air pollution would become less important than that of unemployment. Although cars have led us to a better life, they have also brought us new problems.意思:美国的汽车汽车是美国生活的重要组成部分。汽车使得美国成为轮子上的国家,它也帮助美国成为现在的样子。汽车在美国如此盛行有三个主要原因。首先这个国家地域辽阔,而美国人喜欢在其间来回走动。汽车提供了最舒适最便宜的交通方式。汽车如此盛行的第二个原因是美国从未真正发展过有效廉价的公共交通这一事实。美国的长途火车从未像世界上其它地方那么普及。如今飞机提供了空中服务的良好体系。但是飞机太贵了,不能频繁使用。而第三个原因是最为重要的。美国人的独立精神是使得汽车盛行的真正原因。美国人不喜欢等公共汽车、火车甚至飞机。他们不喜欢必须遵循精确的时间表。汽车给予他们的自由正是美国人最想得到的。汽油供给的减少已经给美国人带来了巨大的问题。但答案不是发展更大型的公交体系。真正的解决方式必须是一种新型的汽车,那种不需要使用很多燃料的汽车。汽车污染上路的汽车数量逐年增长,同时,每年都会生产出几百万辆新车。在美国,每六个人中就有一个从事与汽车相关的工作:造车、开车、修路、加油等等。离开汽车,美国人无法生活!大部分美国人简直无法想象没有车的生活会是什么样子。但是一些人也已经意识到汽车造成的空气污染已成为严重的问题。被污染的空气具有毒性,并且危害健康。解决空气污染的方法之一就是制造无污染汽车。但是生产清洁汽车说来容易做来难。目前,这一领域的进展十分缓慢。另一个方法就是使用其他东西替代汽车发动机。发明家正在研制蒸汽汽车和电车。但是许多厂家认为我们可以使用的实用型汽车的诞生可能还需要几年时间。要想阻止全球化的汽车污染,我们需要对自己的生活方式做出适当的改变。例如,在美国,需要缩减汽车总量。鼓励人们使用有助空气清洁的自行车。但这种改变不能一蹴而就。一旦汽车工厂关闭,就会有大量工人失去工作。与失业相比,空气污染似乎就不再那么重要了。尽管汽车为我们带来了更加舒适的生活,同时,它也带来了新的问题。

There will always be that when you own something when you do not think it would be valuable, but also do not see the value of it, but when you lose it when it come to repentance, but that at the moment when the lateness of the hour, too late for regrets and. I now have such a similar week-long automotive engine disassembly internship is over, memories of this time, he reluctantly are true. Wanted to be back in a week ago, then put in every day practice as seven hours to 27 hours use. This is true, this internship opportunities for me are too precious a this internship, I learned about auto engines knowledge, are ever at a lesson on what can not be compared. And I once again felt the profound theoretical and practical combination of the because of the arrangement to the engine of our components are Santana 2000 engine. First of all, for the automotive engine theory of knowledge, I understand that:Santana in Germany Volkswagen Ltd. 1982 products. The company entered Shanghai in 1983, to cooperate with the development of our country has been the development of three generations - four generations of production lines, and in 95 years will be Santana 2000 Electronic Fuel injection system into the main parameters of motor vehicles including technical parameters, the basic parameters, engine and chassis parameters parameters. Structure for the JV type engine, the combustion chamber for the ball flat, so that the function of strong squeezing gas area, to reduce fuel consumption and air pollution Valve for overhead camshaft type, camshaft push rod directly. Advantages of simple structure, the inertia of small parts, the system stiffness, and improve the effective engine speed. Valve for the hydraulic rod to mention, the automatic adjustment of valve clearance. Intake system has electric heaters and temperature control the intake valve, you can ensure that a smooth start and shorten the warm-up time. Closed water cooling system uses forced basic structure of the modern automobile engine from crank linkage, valve body, transmission system, lubrication system, cooling system, ignition system, start the Department of the composition. Linkage crank engines are energy conversion and transmission of power institutions. Valve bodies are engines of ventilators, ventilation process: on time and turn off the control valve to ensure full combustion gas mixed with gas and emissions. Supply lines are guaranteed to give a total cylinder fresh combustible mixture and export emissions, and in accordance with the different engine operating conditions the supply of different quantity and concentration of combustible gas mixture.中文翻译如下:人们总说,当你拥有一样东西的时候,你会不觉得的它的珍贵,也看不到它的价值所在,但是当你失去它的时候才恍然悔悟,此刻却以为时已晚,后悔莫及。我现在就有这么一种类似的感受。为期一周的汽车发动机拆装实习结束了,回忆这段时光,竟真的是恋恋不舍。恨不得能回到一周前,然后把每天实习的7个小时当成27个小时来用。确实如此,这次实习的机会对我来说真的是太珍贵了。在这次实习中,我学习到的关于汽车发动机的知识,是在以往任何一节课上都不能所比拟的。而我也再一次深刻感受到了理论和实践结合的必要性。由于老师的安排,我们组分到的发动机是桑塔纳2000型发动机。首先,对于汽车发动机理论知识的学习,我了解到:桑塔纳轿车是德国大众汽车有限公司1982年的产品。该公司于1983年进入上海,同我国进行合作开发,目前已发展为三代-四代生产线,并于95年将桑塔纳2000电控汽油喷射系统投入市场。汽车的主要参数包括技术参数、基本参数、发动机参数和底盘 参数。 发动机结构为JV型,燃烧室为扁球形,这样可以则功能强挤气面积,减低油耗和大气污染配气机构凸轮轴为顶置式,凸轮轴直接推动连杆。优点为结构简单、零件惯性小、系统刚度大、有效提高发动机转速。气门提杆为液压式,气门间隙自动调节。进气系统有电加热器和温度控制进气阀,可以确保汽车顺利启动和缩短暖机时间。冷却系统采用闭式水冷强制循环。现代汽车发动机基本结构由曲柄连杆机构、配气机构、传动系、润滑系、冷却系、点火系、启动系组成。曲柄连杆机构是发动机进行能量转换和传递动力的机构。配气机构是发动机的换气机构,换气过程:控制气门按时关闭,保证气配时充分燃烧混合气和排放废气。供给系是保证向气缸共给新鲜可燃混合气和导出废气,并按照发动机不同工况供给不同数量和浓度的可燃混合气。这篇挺好的啊,嘻嘻

让你同学帮你在一些高校的图书馆里找,那里都有电子档的

有关于汽车的英文论文题目

让你同学帮你在一些高校的图书馆里找,那里都有电子档的

Guide the future development of the concept of automotive vehicles Summary of high-tech popularization and application makes the pace of replacement automotive products faster and faster, also makes the Chinese automotive industry independent research and development level and technical level with the international on the growing gap in the development of the concept car is even more the difference between the very poor. WTO accession for China car alarm sounded, but also tremendous opportunity, our government, as well as automotive companies must increase their research and automotive design input, to establish a positive right car design concept, the concept of extensive vehicle design . Keywords concept car designed to develop science, technology and culture Technology start-ups PIONEERINGWITHSCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYMONTHLY The 21st century, in order to lead and performance of the new century, the development of future automotive trends, a number of international auto companies, one after another at the major auto show in the world to launch its own concept car and new car. There is, however, must be caused by a phenomenon we are concerned about: As a car big country, but few Chinese car makers to launch its own development and design concept cars. Are one of the main reasons for China's automotive design concepts and methods, as well as the lack of research and development of concept cars do not pay enough attention. It can be said that a self-designed and self-development capacity of the automobile industry, it is difficult to say that is a complete auto industry. Thus we must intensify the study of automotive design and input, to establish a positive right car design concept, the concept of extensive vehicle design. 1 "concept car" is defined The so-called "concept cars" that have not yet begun to enter the market with a design unique and must advance the awareness of the new models. Its main characteristics are: it must give people are to consider that can guide the new concept cars. It has just the design in general at the time, people's aesthetic ideas, the purchasing power and even the level of motor vehicle manufacturing industry is also unbearable. Generally it will be it avant-garde design, innovative materials, bold use of a more perfect performance, the new car interior design indicates that the direction of development of the automobile industry. Some of the world's largest car company every year to spend many human and material resources to design their own concept car, and in some large auto exposition on display. It can be said that with the continuous introduction of concept cars, the near future may occur on some concept cars have today, some features or functions of the car. But not necessarily a concept car will each eventually evolve into mass production cars to enter the market, the majority of concept cars are finally only a "concept" for people to discuss the matter. 2 concept car, in reality the meaning of concept car design and development of automotive products reflected the development trend of the performance of the highest scientific level and the most sophisticated technology in concept car At the International Motor Show the previous, and the major automotive companies and the introduction of the concept of lot of cars, concept cars to remove these sleek, but also more integrated into a large number of high-tech and modern means of the introduction of the concept car to become Motor Company takes pride in the idea of the concept of automotive research and development are often accompanied by new technologies and the use of new materials with certain forward-looking, herald a new stage of development and the beginning for this reason that car companies the development of the concept car has invested great human and material resources, with its show car the company's strong momentum of development. Various high-tech applications, making car slowly evolved into information, communications, entertainment centers and the exchange of information with the outside world, the computer functions and Internet all-round involvement, in-car information and entertainment equipment, advanced navigation equipment, real-time traffic information function of the growing popularity of the inevitable demand of these high-tech automotive designers transcend time and space to establish a new value system, the emergence of various new technologies for the automotive design freely given to a wider space. Function of motor vehicles for further expansion and development of the concept car, the car gradually from the cold machinery into human information exchange platform, if the concept car has its own way of expressing their emotions with pregnant, anger, sadness and joy, such as facial expression make the concept car than in high volume production cars, become a new symbol of time. Concept Car Design of automotive products have greater and greater impact, it represents the development direction of the automobile industry and the basic idea of the automobile company design standards and a symbol of scientific and technological level. human physiological needs and psychological needs of the largest Satisfied --- Automotive Engineering in the Ergonomics Ergonomics are 50 in the early 20th century with the rapid development of a new subject with the aim of research, design and engineering technology to solve the relationship between the human body. Car body design in ergonomics, it is to people (drivers and passengers) as the center, from the body's physiology, psychology, and exercise the human body, the research body design, layout and equipment in terms of how to adapt to people need to create a manipulation convenient, safe, reliable, beautiful and comfortable driving environment and take the environment, that is the best person to design a - vehicle - environment system. Automotive Design Human-Computer analysis of the first ministries to human size required for measurement, statistics and analysis, conducting interior layout design as a basis to determine the effective space vehicle, as well as parts, assemblies (seats, dashboard , steering wheel, etc.) position and dimensions of the relationship between layout. Through the study of human physiological structure, so that the seat design in full compliance with the requirements of human comfort. Based on the manipulation of human manipulation of the scope and power to determine the layout of the manipulator position and force size, so that when the human body to manipulate natural, rapid, accurate and lightweight, so as to reduce the degree of manipulation of fatigue. Through the visual characteristics of the human eye, the effect of vision research, testing, checking driver information system, to ensure that drivers have access to proper driving information. Exercise in accordance with the characteristics of the human body to study the automobile collision on the human body, a reasonable protection, the right to determine the hinged point seat belts and binding on the human body to study the vibration of the impact on ride comfort, research on and get off at the convenience of passengers, and door openings in order to determine location and size. According to the body's physiological requirements, reasonable certainty that the air-conditioning system and layout. Research on the psychological characteristics and requirements, to design a comfortable, beautiful, relaxed by the environment. virtual product development technology At present, a growing number of automotive design companies and manufacturing companies to start using virtual product development technology, using three-dimensional virtual reality 3D technology development concept car. Opel car using 3D virtual reality technology concept car design and development. Designers can experience floating in the air of a virtual image of car design and manufacturing, saving considerable development costs, and plans to be extended to its North American assembly plant to 14. Britain's Rolls-Royce, Renault, France, Germany Audi, as well as Italy, Sweden and other auto plants are actively engaged in this virtual design and manufacturing. Over the past automotive research and development centers to develop new or modified are first shaped body sludge physical model, is extremely time-consuming modifications. Now automotive R & D, in particular the development of concept cars are increasingly seeking the shortest development time. If the introduction of virtual product development technologies, as long as the computer input data to construct a model figure model, in the laboratory can show an ideal vehicle images, as long as the engineers wear eyepiece, you can see clearly, there is such as a car in front of us true, after all the discussion of design engineers modifications, you can quickly design an ideal new car. Stereotypes, the computer can use the data, outsourcing trial and trial fitted the new parts and components, assembly achieve zero error, and the development of aging more rapidly than in the past. the concept of green environment-friendly vehicles to the development trend of Since entering the 21st century, countries around the world have been produced about billion vehicles, according to expert estimates that in 2010 global vehicle production will reach 75 million. People sigh at the rapid development of automobile industry, but also an increasing awareness of pollution from motor vehicles to harm human beings, so many countries of the vehicle to develop environmental protection measures and regulations to protect the environment for human survival, so automotive environmental protection the design of this new concept car design to be placed in a prominent position on the essential. Improve energy efficiency, improved engine configurations, including electronically controlled fuel injection system, secondary air injection, thermal reactor, exhaust gas recirculation system, catalytic purification device, crankcase ventilation systems, fuel evaporation control system. The development of alternative fuels, research and development of new environmentally-friendly energy, including natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, fast charging batteries, hybrid power, hydrogen fuel. In the automotive manufacturing process, use of green materials, green packaging, green manufacturing processes and equipment and equipment green. Green car recycling manufacturers. Concept car indicates road traffic in the evolution of human behavior Concept foretells the future of the way road traffic trends Along with the development of automobile, the vehicle status is also slowly change, now car in people's minds as a symbol, a symbol of wealth and the embodiment of a status, but the car as a way of the nature of road traffic has overlooked. Concept car design is based on the nature of a car's innovative design predictability. Concept car at the design of the way through the daily life of mankind, human beings in road traffic in the use of methods such as behavior and ways of life all aspects of prediction and analysis, it is envisaged to solve the future in the way road traffic between the object harmonious factors. Strong and high-speed in today's technology enables the development of means of transport have a much broader space for development, more and more high-tech continuously applied at a new car. At present many of the world's major auto companies have realized that the development of the next car is no longer the biggest obstacles are technical limitations, but limits the designers thinking. Now appearing in major auto show concept cars are generally two types: one is based on the latest available technology can achieve another kind of concept cars are those who put forward some innovative technology options but is still in the research phase of the concept car. Able to express their feelings such as car, truck can random shell replacement car, be able to easily change the driving mode of motor vehicles, be able to swim in the water of the amphibious vehicle, able to fly in space vehicles, be able to change cars. Like from Toyota and Sony jointly developed by "POD" cars, will be able to through the car before the lights, mirrors, antenna, as well as the rear seat to the car owners to express their "feelings." Like Volkswagen's Seat International Auto Show in the United States on the introduction of multi-functional concept car "Sal? Juancheng sa", there are sports, comfort and three kinds of urban-type driving mode selection for you. Concept of culture differences in performance The United States as a world leader in the auto industry, concept cars at the manufacturing are on the forefront in the world. At the United States because of cultural blending, collision, so the concept car embodies the greater the diversity of cultures; are also caused by a highly developed country commercial, commercial design and pragmatism prevailed, so the design is set up at a deep aesthetic Ethics on the real and solve practical problems. With the American cars are in sharp contrast to the Japanese concept cars. Japan as the world's output of the second car big country, its concept car many practical and imagination, technology is better than art, more concerned about solving technical problems, it can be said in Japan This is the premise of the concept of car design, each model is to solve one kinds of technical problems developed. The Japanese car model to maintain a small, simple, style characteristics of the economy and harmonious relations between man-machine deal with the Japanese are reflected as a delicate oriental thinking and compromise approach to solve the problem. The United States put the design of commercial operation as an important aspect, Japan put out of Products Designed to accelerate as a tool, Germany put Designed as a social and cultural foundation, while the French took the design as a designer of stage performance. From various countries so the concept of car design in different styles, we can see different countries, different concepts, as well as their different cultural backgrounds design. 3 Concluding remarks The future of automotive design as the development of the inevitable progress of Automotive Technology with each passing day, many of the artistic style of the designer will make it even more widely and more strongly reflected in the car design, and give people a wider choice. Under high-tech, and personality of the car more humane 21st century will be the necessity of the development of the automobile industry, because it is consistent with human culture, the pursuit of individuality and needs. Therefore, the increase in automobile design concept of the attention and input, will be the development of China's automobile industry has played a great role in pushing forward. References 1尹定邦. Introduction to Study Design [M]. Hunan: Hunan Science and Technology Press, 1999 2张洪欣. Auto Design [M]. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 1997 3 Tang Jia-Ti, Han Xiao Jian had denitrification. --- Product conceptual design theory, methods and techniques [M]. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 2002 Tang Shu-Min 4. Concept cars and car design development and innovation [J]. Shenyang Institute of Aeronautical Engineering Journal, 2002 (6)

1.采用SCR后处理技术降低车用柴油机排放 Adopting SCR Post-processing Technique to Lower Discharge of Vehicular Diesel Engine 2.论柴油车的节能与环保优势 On Energy-saving and Environmental Protection of Diesel Vehicles

Guide the future development of the concept of automotive vehicles Summary of high-tech popularization and application makes the pace of replacement automotive products faster and faster, also makes the Chinese automotive industry independent research and development level and technical level with the international on the growing gap in the development of the concept car is even more the difference between the very poor. WTO accession for China car alarm sounded, but also tremendous opportunity, our government, as well as automotive companies must increase their research and automotive design input, to establish a positive right car design concept, the concept of extensive vehicle design . Keywords concept car designed to develop science, technology and culture Technology start-ups PIONEERINGWITHSCIENCE & TECHNOLOGYMONTHLY The 21st century, in order to lead and performance of the new century, the development of future automotive trends, a number of international auto companies, one after another at the major auto show in the world to launch its own concept car and new car. There is, however, must be caused by a phenomenon we are concerned about: As a car big country, but few Chinese car makers to launch its own development and design concept cars. Are one of the main reasons for China's automotive design concepts and methods, as well as the lack of research and development of concept cars do not pay enough attention. It can be said that a self-designed and self-development capacity of the automobile industry, it is difficult to say that is a complete auto industry. Thus we must intensify the study of automotive design and input, to establish a positive right car design concept, the concept of extensive vehicle design. 1 "concept car" is defined The so-called "concept cars" that have not yet begun to enter the market with a design unique and must advance the awareness of the new models. Its main characteristics are: it must give people are to consider that can guide the new concept cars. It has just the design in general at the time, people's aesthetic ideas, the purchasing power and even the level of motor vehicle manufacturing industry is also unbearable. Generally it will be it avant-garde design, innovative materials, bold use of a more perfect performance, the new car interior design indicates that the direction of development of the automobile industry. Some of the world's largest car company every year to spend many human and material resources to design their own concept car, and in some large auto exposition on display. It can be said that with the continuous introduction of concept cars, the near future may occur on some concept cars have today, some features or functions of the car. But not necessarily a concept car will each eventually evolve into mass production cars to enter the market, the majority of concept cars are finally only a "concept" for people to discuss the matter. 2 concept car, in reality the meaning of concept car design and development of automotive products reflected the development trend of the performance of the highest scientific level and the most sophisticated technology in concept car At the International Motor Show the previous, and the major automotive companies and the introduction of the concept of lot of cars, concept cars to remove these sleek, but also more integrated into a large number of high-tech and modern means of the introduction of the concept car to become Motor Company takes pride in the idea of the concept of automotive research and development are often accompanied by new technologies and the use of new materials with certain forward-looking, herald a new stage of development and the beginning for this reason that car companies the development of the concept car has invested great human and material resources, with its show car the company's strong momentum of development. Various high-tech applications, making car slowly evolved into information, communications, entertainment centers and the exchange of information with the outside world, the computer functions and Internet all-round involvement, in-car information and entertainment equipment, advanced navigation equipment, real-time traffic information function of the growing popularity of the inevitable demand of these high-tech automotive designers transcend time and space to establish a new value system, the emergence of various new technologies for the automotive design freely given to a wider space. Function of motor vehicles for further expansion and development of the concept car, the car gradually from the cold machinery into human information exchange platform, if the concept car has its own way of expressing their emotions with pregnant, anger, sadness and joy, such as facial expression make the concept car than in high volume production cars, become a new symbol of time. Concept Car Design of automotive products have greater and greater impact, it represents the development direction of the automobile industry and the basic idea of the automobile company design standards and a symbol of scientific and technological level. human physiological needs and psychological needs of the largest Satisfied --- Automotive Engineering in the Ergonomics Ergonomics are 50 in the early 20th century with the rapid development of a new subject with the aim of research, design and engineering technology to solve the relationship between the human body. Car body design in ergonomics, it is to people (drivers and passengers) as the center, from the body's physiology, psychology, and exercise the human body, the research body design, layout and equipment in terms of how to adapt to people need to create a manipulation convenient, safe, reliable, beautiful and comfortable driving environment and take the environment, that is the best person to design a - vehicle - environment system. Automotive Design Human-Computer analysis of the first ministries to human size required for measurement, statistics and analysis, conducting interior layout design as a basis to determine the effective space vehicle, as well as parts, assemblies (seats, dashboard , steering wheel, etc.) position and dimensions of the relationship between layout. Through the study of human physiological structure, so that the seat design in full compliance with the requirements of human comfort. Based on the manipulation of human manipulation of the scope and power to determine the layout of the manipulator position and force size, so that when the human body to manipulate natural, rapid, accurate and lightweight, so as to reduce the degree of manipulation of fatigue. Through the visual characteristics of the human eye, the effect of vision research, testing, checking driver information system, to ensure that drivers have access to proper driving information. Exercise in accordance with the characteristics of the human body to study the automobile collision on the human body, a reasonable protection, the right to determine the hinged point seat belts and binding on the human body to study the vibration of the impact on ride comfort, research on and get off at the convenience of passengers, and door openings in order to determine location and size. According to the body's physiological requirements, reasonable certainty that the air-conditioning system and layout. Research on the psychological characteristics and requirements, to design a comfortable, beautiful, relaxed by the environment. virtual product development technology At present, a growing number of automotive design companies and manufacturing companies to start using virtual product development technology, using three-dimensional virtual reality 3D technology development concept car. Opel car using 3D virtual reality technology concept car design and development. Designers can experience floating in the air of a virtual image of car design and manufacturing, saving considerable development costs, and plans to be extended to its North American assembly plant to 14. Britain's Rolls-Royce, Renault, France, Germany Audi, as well as Italy, Sweden and other auto plants are actively engaged in this virtual design and manufacturing. Over the past automotive research and development centers to develop new or modified are first shaped body sludge physical model, is extremely time-consuming modifications. Now automotive R & D, in particular the development of concept cars are increasingly seeking the shortest development time. If the introduction of virtual product development technologies, as long as the computer input data to construct a model figure model, in the laboratory can show an ideal vehicle images, as long as the engineers wear eyepiece, you can see clearly, there is such as a car in front of us true, after all the discussion of design engineers modifications, you can quickly design an ideal new car. Stereotypes, the computer can use the data, outsourcing trial and trial fitted the new parts and components, assembly achieve zero error, and the development of aging more rapidly than in the past. the concept of green environment-friendly vehicles to the development trend of Since entering the 21st century, countries around the world have been produced about billion vehicles, according to expert estimates that in 2010 global vehicle production will reach 75 million. People sigh at the rapid development of automobile industry, but also an increasing awareness of pollution from motor vehicles to harm human beings, so many countries of the vehicle to develop environmental protection measures and regulations to protect the environment for human survival, so automotive environmental protection the design of this new concept car design to be placed in a prominent position on the essential. Improve energy efficiency, improved engine configurations, including electronically controlled fuel injection system, secondary air injection, thermal reactor, exhaust gas recirculation system, catalytic purification device, crankcase ventilation systems, fuel evaporation control system. The development of alternative fuels, research and development of new environmentally-friendly energy, including natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, fast charging batteries, hybrid power, hydrogen fuel. In the automotive manufacturing process, use of green materials, green packaging, green manufacturing processes and equipment and equipment green. Green car recycling manufacturers. Concept car indicates road traffic in the evolution of human behavior Concept foretells the future of the way road traffic trends Along with the development of automobile, the vehicle status is also slowly change, now car in people's minds as a symbol, a symbol of wealth and the embodiment of a status, but the car as a way of the nature of road traffic has overlooked. Concept car design is based on the nature of a car's innovative design predictability. Concept car at the design of the way through the daily life of mankind, human beings in road traffic in the use of methods such as behavior and ways of life all aspects of prediction and analysis, it is envisaged to solve the future in the way road traffic between the object harmonious factors. Strong and high-speed in today's technology enables the development of means of transport have a much broader space for development, more and more high-tech continuously applied at a new car. At present many of the world's major auto companies have realized that the development of the next car is no longer the biggest obstacles are technical limitations, but limits the designers thinking. Now appearing in major auto show concept cars are generally two types: one is based on the latest available technology can achieve another kind of concept cars are those who put forward some innovative technology options but is still in the research phase of the concept car. Able to express their feelings such as car, truck can random shell replacement car, be able to easily change the driving mode of motor vehicles, be able to swim in the water of the amphibious vehicle, able to fly in space vehicles, be able to change cars. Like from Toyota and Sony jointly developed by "POD" cars, will be able to through the car before the lights, mirrors, antenna, as well as the rear seat to the car owners to express their "feelings." Like Volkswagen's Seat International Auto Show in the United States on the introduction of multi-functional concept car "Sal? Juancheng sa", there are sports, comfort and three kinds of urban-type driving mode selection for you. Concept of culture differences in performance The United States as a world leader in the auto industry, concept cars at the manufacturing are on the forefront in the world. At the United States because of cultural blending, collision, so the concept car embodies the greater the diversity of cultures; are also caused by a highly developed country commercial, commercial design and pragmatism prevailed, so the design is set up at a deep aesthetic Ethics on the real and solve practical problems. With the American cars are in sharp contrast to the Japanese concept cars. Japan as the world's output of the second car big country, its concept car many practical and imagination, technology is better than art, more concerned about solving technical problems, it can be said in Japan This is the premise of the concept of car design, each model is to solve one kinds of technical problems developed. The Japanese car model to maintain a small, simple, style characteristics of the economy and harmonious relations between man-machine deal with the Japanese are reflected as a delicate oriental thinking and compromise approach to solve the problem. The United States put the design of commercial operation as an important aspect, Japan put out of Products Designed to accelerate as a tool, Germany put Designed as a social and cultural foundation, while the French took the design as a designer of stage performance. From various countries so the concept of car design in different styles, we can see different countries, different concepts, as well as their different cultural backgrounds design. 3 Concluding remarks The future of automotive design as the development of the inevitable progress of Automotive Technology with each passing day, many of the artistic style of the designer will make it even more widely and more strongly reflected in the car design, and give people a wider choice. Under high-tech, and personality of the car more humane 21st century will be the necessity of the development of the automobile industry, because it is consistent with human culture, the pursuit of individuality and needs. Therefore, the increase in automobile design concept of the attention and input, will be the development of China's automobile industry has played a great role in pushing forward. References 1尹定邦. Introduction to Study Design [M]. Hunan: Hunan Science and Technology Press, 1999 2张洪欣. Auto Design [M]. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 1997 3 Tang Jia-Ti, Han Xiao Jian had denitrification. --- Product conceptual design theory, methods and techniques [M]. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 2002

有关汽车的毕业论文

你的论文准备往什么方向写,选题老师审核通过了没,有没有列个大纲让老师看一下写作方向?老师有没有和你说论文往哪个方向写比较好?写论文之前,一定要写个大纲,这样老师,好确定了框架,避免以后论文修改过程中出现大改的情况!!学校的格式要求、写作规范要注意,否则很可能发回来重新改,你要还有什么不明白或不懂可以问我,希望你能够顺利毕业,迈向新的人生。(一)选题毕业论文(设计)题目应符合本专业的培养目标和教学要求,具有综合性和创新性。本科生要根据自己的实际情况和专业特长,选择适当的论文题目,但所写论文要与本专业所学课程有关。(二)查阅资料、列出论文提纲题目选定后,要在指导教师指导下开展调研和进行实验,搜集、查阅有关资料,进行加工、提炼,然后列出详细的写作提纲。(三)完成初稿根据所列提纲,按指导教师的意见认真完成初稿。(四)定稿初稿须经指导教师审阅,并按其意见和要求进行修改,然后定稿。一般毕业论文题目的选择最好不要太泛,越具体越好,而且老师希望学生能结合自己学过的知识对问题进行分析和解决。不知道你是否确定了选题,确定选题了接下来你需要根据选题去查阅前辈们的相关论文,看看人家是怎么规划论文整体框架的;其次就是需要自己动手收集资料了,进而整理和分析资料得出自己的论文框架;最后就是按照框架去组织论文了。你如果需要什么参考资料和范文我可以提供给你。还有什么不了解的可以直接问我,希望可以帮到你,祝写作过程顺利毕业论文选题的方法:一、尽快确定毕业论文的选题方向 在毕业论文工作布置后,每个人都应遵循选题的基本原则,在较短的时间内把选题的方向确定下来。从毕业论文题目的性质来看,基本上可以分为两大类:一类是社会主义现代化建设实践中提出的理论和实际问题;另一类是专业学科本身发展中存在的基本范畴和基本理论问题。大学生应根据自己的志趣和爱好,尽快从上述两大类中确定一个方向。二、在初步调查研究的基础上选定毕业论文的具体题目在选题的方向确定以后,还要经过一定的调查和研究,来进一步确定选题的范围,以至最后选定具体题目。下面介绍两种常见的选题方法。 浏览捕捉法 :这种方法就是通过对占有的文献资料快速地、大量地阅读,在比较中来确定论文题目地方法。浏览,一般是在资料占有达到一定数量时集中一段时间进行,这样便于对资料作集中的比较和鉴别。浏览的目的是在咀嚼消化已有资料的过程中,提出问题,寻找自己的研究课题。这就需要对收集到的材料作一全面的阅读研究,主要的、次要的、不同角度的、不同观点的都应了解,不能看了一些资料,有了一点看法,就到此为止,急于动笔。也不能“先入为主”,以自己头脑中原有的观点或看了第一篇资料后得到的看法去决定取舍。而应冷静地、客观地对所有资料作认真的分析思考。在浩如烟海,内容丰富的资料中吸取营养,反复思考琢磨许多时候之后,必然会有所发现,这是搞科学研究的人时常会碰到的情形。 浏览捕捉法一般可按以下步骤进行: 第一步,广泛地浏览资料。在浏览中要注意勤作笔录,随时记下资料的纲目,记下资料中对自己影响最深刻的观点、论据、论证方法等,记下脑海中涌现的点滴体会。当然,手抄笔录并不等于有言必录,有文必录,而是要做细心的选择,有目的、有重点地摘录,当详则详,当略则略,一些相同的或类似的观点和材料则不必重复摘录,只需记下资料来源及页码就行,以避免浪费时间和精力。 第二步,是将阅读所得到的方方面面的内容,进行分类、排列、组合,从中寻找问题、发现问题,材料可按纲目分类,如分成: 系统介绍有关问题研究发展概况的资料; 对某一个问题研究情况的资料; 对同一问题几种不同观点的资料; 对某一问题研究最新的资料和成果等等。 第三步,将自己在研究中的体会与资料分别加以比较,找出哪些体会在资料中没有或部分没有;哪些体会虽然资料已有,但自己对此有不同看法;哪些体会和资料是基本一致的;哪些体会是在资料基础上的深化和发挥等等。经过几番深思熟虑的思考过程,就容易萌生自己的想法。把这种想法及时捕捉住,再作进一步的思考,选题的目标也就会渐渐明确起来。

随着国民经济的迅猛发展,汽车产量逐年增加,2006年已达720万辆。我国汽车保有量越来越多,车型也越来越复杂。尤其是高科技的飞速发展,一些新技术、新材料在汽车上的广泛应用后,给汽车故障诊断与排除增加了一定难度。本篇论文重点讨论轿车离合器的故障分析及维修方法。离合器是手动变速汽车必备的一个重要总成。没有离合器手动挡汽车将无法起步,并且难以实现挡位变换。在汽车使用中,离合器难免出现这样、那样的故障,直接影响汽车的正常运行。现在汽车迅速进入家庭,汽车私有化程度提高,所以汽车故障将会影响到我们每一个人。分析研究离合器故障现象、原因、探索离合器故障的排除方法和离合器的维修工艺,具有重大而现实的意义。本文重点通过北京现代轿车离合器故障的探讨,正确认识离合器故障,更好的使用和维护离合器。离合器安装在发动机与变速器之间,用来分离或接合前后两者之间动力联系。其功用是:1)使汽车平稳起步;现今所用的盘片式离合器的先驱的多片盘式离合器,它是直到1925年以后才出现的。多片离合器最主要的优点是,在汽车起步时离合器的接合比较平顺,无冲击。20世纪20年代末,直到进入30年代时,只有工程车辆、赛车和大功率的轿车上使用多片离合器。多年的实践经验和技术上的改进使人们逐渐趋向与首选单片干式摩擦离合器,因为它具有从动部件转动惯量小、散热性好、结构简单、调整方便、尺寸紧凑、分离彻底等优点,而且在结构上采取一定措施,已能做到接合平顺,因此现在广泛用于大、中、小各类车型中。如今单片干式摩擦离合器在结构设计方面相当完善。采用具有轴向弹性的从动盘,提高了离合器接合时的平顺性。离合器从动盘总成中装有扭转减振器,防止了传动系统的扭转共振,减小了传动系噪声和动载荷,随着人们对汽车舒适性要求的提高,离合器已在原有基础上得到不断改进,乘用车上愈来愈多地采用具有双质量飞轮的扭转减振器,能更有效地降低传动系的噪声。汽车离合器有摩擦式离合器、液力偶合器、电磁离合器等几种。液力偶合器靠工作液(油液)传递转矩,外壳与泵轮连为一体,是主动件;涡轮与泵轮相对,是从动件。当泵轮转速较低时,涡轮不能被带动,主动件与从动件之间处于分离状态;随着泵轮转速的提高,涡轮被带动,主动件与从动件之间处于接合状态。电磁离合器靠线圈的通断电来控制离合器的接合与分离。如在主动与从动件之间放置磁粉,则可以加强两者之间的接合力,这样的离合器称为磁粉式电磁离合器。目前,与手动变速器相配合的绝大多数离合器为干式摩擦式离合器,按其从动盘的数目,又分为单盘式、双盘式和多盘式等几种。摩擦式离合器又分为湿式和干式两种。离合器的工作原理离合器的工作原理:离合器的主动部分和从动部分借接触面间的摩擦作用,或是用液体作为传动介质(液力偶合器),或是用磁力传动(电磁离合器)来传递转矩,使两者之间可以暂时分离,又可逐渐接合,在传动过程中又允许两部分相互转动。目前在汽车上广泛采用的是用弹簧压紧的摩擦离合器(简称为摩擦离合器)。发动机飞轮是离合器的主动件。带有摩擦片的从动盘和从动盘毂借滑动花键与从动轴(变速器主动轴)相连。压紧弹簧将从动盘压紧在飞轮端面上。发动机转矩即靠飞轮与从动盘接触面之间的摩擦作用而传到从动盘,再由此经过从动轴和传动系统中一系列部件驱动车轮。弹簧的压紧力越大,则离合器所能传递的转矩也越大。离合器分离轴承缺油时,将产生“吱吱”声。此时应给分离轴承注油或更换分离轴承。分离杠杆(或膜片弹簧分离指端)不在同一平面时,易使减震弹簧折断,起步时将产生连续打滑,引起振动。此外,离合器弹簧折断、弹力变小,也会发生同样现象。分离杠杆的回位弹簧弹力减弱,会导致离合器分离轴承回位不好,从而造成离合器分离不彻底,产生异响。此时应将分离杠杆的高度调整一致,更换弹簧。从动盘毂或离合器从动轴花键磨损,应更换从动盘或离合器从动轴。离合器、变速器、发动机曲轴主轴颈轴线没对准,应予对准。由于前导向轴承(套)损坏引发的噪声。只要离合器分离必定出现噪声,离合器一旦接合噪声就没有了。有时会把这种噪声误解为分离轴承的失效所致,所以要注意分辨。变速器安装不当,往往使导向轴承额外受力,在离合器使用若干次后就使它损坏,很快出县现噪声。任何类型的分离轴承失效后都会出现尖锐噪声。如果分离轴承有故障,那么噪声将随离合器踏板力的增加而增加。如果噪声在离合器分离后才出现,那就是前导向轴承有故障。离合器完全接合后出现的噪声,会来自于变速器。离合器操纵系统轴承预紧度不够,也能引发噪声。如果变速器在空挡,发动机在运转,可以在车厢内听到“格格”声,这就是变速器中发生的噪声。可以说,这是由于发动机的激励,造成传动系统扭转振动在变速器中引发的噪声。这和离合器从动盘中的扭转减振器结构性能改变有很大关系。

汽车毕业论文参考文献

紧张而又充实的大学生活即将结束,毕业生都要通过最后的毕业论文,毕业论文是一种有计划的检验大学学习成果的形式,那么应当如何写毕业论文呢?下面是我整理的汽车毕业论文参考文献,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。

[1] 汽车AMT控制系统及离合器模糊控制方法的研究 重庆交通学院 2004 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库

[2] 中国汽车零部件行业发展模式研究 吉林大学 2007 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库

[3] 汽车行业一体化(质量、环境、职业健康安全)管理体系认证的研究 吉林大学 2007 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库

[4] 汽车驾驶员前方视野测量系统软件开发 吉林大学 2007 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库

[5] 合肥汽车客运总公司发展战略研究 合肥工业大学 2007 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库

[6] 哈尔滨成功汽车维修有限公司发展战略案例 哈尔滨工程大学 2007 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库

[7] 汽车齿轮工艺的研究与应用 哈尔滨工程大学 2007 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库

[8] 我国汽车企业品牌竞争力研究 湖南大学 2007 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库

[9] 汽车造型中的张力和表现性研究 湖南大学 2007 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库

[10] 湖南汽车零部件产业发展研究 湖南大学 2007 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库

[11] 丁冰,汽车安全气囊的控制,《现代汽车技术》, , (1995), 109--120;

[12] 朱军编著,《电子控制发动机电路波型分析》,机械工业出版社,2003年1月第一版,P149

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论文格式说明

(1)题目(仿宋_gb2312,三号字)力求简明、醒目,反映出文章的主题。中文文题一般以20个汉字以内为宜,不用非公知公认的缩写或符号,尽量避免用英文缩写。

(2)作者(仿宋_gb2312,小四)作者姓名居题目下方。

(3)指导老师(仿宋_gb2312,小四)

(4)学校专业、学号(仿宋_gb2312,五号)

(5)摘要:200—300字左右(摘要两字字体为仿宋_gb2312,五号,加粗。内容字体为仿宋_gb2312,五号)摘要的内容应客观真实,采用第三人称撰写,不用“本文”、“作者”等主语,应反映文章的主要观点,重点表述研究内容及结论,交待相关的研究条件、方法等,必须重点突出、文字简练。

摘要中要突出描述作者所做的工作,不要或尽可能少地出现“介绍”、“总结”之类的词,用“本文研究了……”“本文提出了……”

(6)关键字:3—5个(关键字三字字体为仿宋_gb2312,五号,加粗。内容字体为仿宋_gb2312,五号)要符合学科分类及专业术语的通用性,并注意与国际惯例一致。

(7)正文(正文字体全部为仿宋_gb2312,小四。但大标题或小标题均加粗)

正文中的序号及标题层次 :文中的各种序号,全部用阿拉伯数字按顺序左起顶格书写。标题层次不宜过多,有标题才有序号,标题层次按第一层1,第二层,第三层,第四层的顺序逐级标明,不同层次的数字之间加下圆点相分隔,最后一位数字后面不加标点,写法如下:

1 △△△△(章的标题,顶格,占一行)

△△△△(条的标题,顶格,占一行)

△△△△(顶格,接正文)

△△△△(顶格,接正文)

(正文内容要求:1、现状 2、存在问题 3、对策建议)

(8)参考文献(参考文献四字字体为仿宋_gb2312,五号,加粗。内容字体为仿宋_gb2312,五号)注意根据自己的大纲来进行资料的搜集和取舍,即根据自己的想法来控制和组织资料,而不是被资料控制。注意所搜集材料的正确性及用词的规范性。

按照下列顺序排列文章

论文总标题:字体仿宋,字号三号,20字以内,汉字

作者:总标题正下方,字体仿宋,字号小四

指导老师:作者正下方,字体仿宋,字号小四

学校、专业、学号:居中,字体仿宋,字号五号

摘要(“摘要”这两个字仿宋,五号,加粗,顶格):200-300字,仿宋,五号字

关键字(“关键字”这三个字仿宋,五号,加粗,顶格):3-5个词,仿宋,五号字

正文:仿宋,小四(如果包含小标题,小标题加粗)

毕业论文格式

一、 论文的格式要求

1.论文用A4纸打印;

2.论文标题居中,小二号黑体(加粗) ,一般中文标题在二十字以内;

4.副标题四号,宋体,不加粗,居中

5.论文内容摘要、关键词、参考文献、正文均统一用四号,宋体(不加粗);大段落标题加粗;

6.页码统一打在右下角,格式为“第×页 共×页” ;

7.全文行间距为1倍行距

8.序号编排如下:

一、(前空二格)――――――――――――此标题栏请加粗

(一) (前空二格)

1.(前空二格)

(1) (前空二格)

二、 内容摘要、关键词

内容摘要是对论文内容准确概括而不加注释或者评论的简短陈述,应尽量反映论文的主要信息。内容摘要篇幅以150字左右为宜。关键词是反映论文主题内容的名词,一般选用3-4个,每个关键词之间用分号隔开。关键词排在摘要下方。“内容摘要”和“关键词”本身要求用[关键词][内容摘要](综括号、四号、宋体、加粗)。

三、正文部分

正文是论文的核心,要实事求是,准确无误,层次分明,合乎逻辑,简练可读。字数不少于3000字。

文字要求规范;所有文字字面清晰,不得涂改。

数字用法 :公历世纪、年代、年、月、日、时刻和各种计数与计量,均用阿拉伯数字。年份不能简写,如2015年不能写成15年。

四、参考文献

参考文献其他部分统一使用四号宋体不加粗。“参考文献”本身要求用参考文献:(四号、宋体,加粗)。

五、致谢

致谢

两字本身用四号,宋体,加粗,居中。内容为四号宋体,不加粗。

汽车ABS技术的发展趋势研究 在汽车防抱死制动系统出现之前,汽车所用的都是开环制动系统。其特点是制动器制动力矩的大小仅与驾驶员的操纵力、制动力的分配调节以及制动器的尺寸和型式有关。由于没有车轮运动状态的反馈信号,无法测知制动过程中车轮的速度和抱死情况,汽车就不可能据此调节轮缸或气室制动压力的大小。因此在紧急制动时,不可避免地出现车轮在地面上抱死拖滑的现象。当车轮抱死时,地面的侧向附着性能很差,所能提供的侧向附着力很小,汽车在受到任何微小外力的作用下就会出现方向失稳问题,极易发生交通事故。在潮湿路面或冰雪路面上制动时,这种方向失稳的现象会更加严重。汽车防抱死制动系统(Anti-lock Braking System简称ABS)的出现从根本上解决了汽车在制动过程中的车轮抱死问题。它的基本功能就是通过传感器感知车轮每一瞬时的运动状态,并根据其运动状态相应地调节制动器制动力矩的大小以避免出现车轮的抱死现象,因而是一个闭环制动系统。 它是电子控制技术在汽车上最有成就的应用项目之一,汽车制动防抱死系统可使汽车在制动时维持方向稳定性和缩短制动距离,有效提高行车的安全性。 一、ABS的工作原理 汽车制动时由于车轮速度与汽车速度之间存在着差异,因而会导致车轮与路面之间产生滑移,当车轮以纯滚动方式与路面接触时,其滑移率为零;当车轮抱死时其滑移率为100%。当滑移率在8%~35%之间时,能传递最大的制动力。制动防抱死的基本原理就是依据上述的研究成果,通过控制调节制动力,使制动过程中车轮滑移率控制在合适的范围内,以取得最佳的制动效果。ABS系统硬件构成主要由传感器(包括轮速传感器、减速度传感器和车速传感器)、电子控制装置、制动压力调节器三大部分组成,形成一个以滑移率为目标的自动控制系统。传感器测量车轮转速并将这一数据传送至电子控制装置上,控制装置是一个微处理器,它根据车轮转速传感器信号来计算车速。在制动过程中,车轮转速可与控制装置中预先编制的理想减速度的特性曲线相比较。如果控制装置判断出车轮减速度太快和车轮即将抱死时,它就发出信号给液压调节器,液压调节器可根据来自控制装置的信号对制动器的卡钳或轮泵的油压进行控制(作用、保持、释放、重新作用)。这一动作,每秒钟能出现10次以上。 二、ABS技术的发展及应用现状 基于制动防抱理论的制动系统首先是应用于火车和飞机上。1936年,德国博世公司(BOSCH)申请一项电液控制的ABS装置专利,促进了ABS技术在汽车上的应用。汽车上开始使用ABS始于1950年代中期福特汽车公司,1954年福特汽车公司在林肯车上装用法国航空公司的ABS装置,这种ABS装置控制部分采用机械式,结构复杂,功能相对单一,只有在特定车辆和工况下防抱死才有效,因此制动效果并不理想。机械结构复杂使ABS装置的可靠性差、控制精度低、价格偏高。ABS技术在汽车上的推广应用举步艰难。直到70年代后期,由于电子技术迅猛发展,为ABS技术在汽车上应用提供了可靠的技术支持。ABS控制部分采用了电子控制,其反应速度、控制精度和可靠性都显著提高,制动效果也明显改善,同时其体积逐步变小,质量逐步减轻,控制与诊断功能不断增强,价格也逐渐降低。这段时期许多家公司都相继研制了形式多样的ABS装置。 进入90年代后,ABS技术不断发展成熟,控制精度、控制功能不断完善。现在发达国家已广泛采用ABS技术,ABS装置已成为汽车的必要装备。北美和西欧的各类客车和轻型货车ABS的装备率已达90%以上,轿车ABS的装备率在60%左右,运送危险品的货车ABS的装备率为100%。ABS装置制造商主要有:德国博世公司(BOSCH),欧、美、日、韩国车采用最多;美国德科公司(DELCO),美国通用及韩国大宇汽车采用;美国本迪克斯公司(BENDIX),美国克莱斯勒汽车采用;还有德国戴维斯公司(TEVES)、德国瓦布科(WABCO)、美国凯尔西海斯公(KELSEYHAYES)等,这些公司的ABS产品都在广泛地应用,而且还在不断发展、更新和换代。 近年来,ABS技术在我国也正在推广和应用,1999年我国制定的国家强制性标准GB12676-1999《汽车制动系统结构、性能和试验方法》中已把装用ABS作为强制性法规。此后一汽大众、二汽富康、上海大众、重庆长安、上海通用等均开始采用ABS技术,但这些ABS装置我国均没有自主的知识产权。 国内研究ABS主要有东风汽车公司、交通部重庆公路研究所、济南捷特汽车电子研究所、清华大学、西安交通大学、吉林大学、华南理工大学、合肥工业大学

汽车有关的毕业论文

[编辑本段]图书信息书 名: 汽车市场营销作 者:王琪出版社: 机械工业出版社出版时间: 2009-2-1ISBN: 9787111258278开本: 16开定价: 元[编辑本段]内容简介本书从介绍汽车市场营销的基本概念和基础知识出发,紧密结合中国及世界汽车市场现状,全面系统地阐述了汽车营销基础、汽车市场营销环境分析、汽车企业市场营销管理、汽车市场调研与预测、汽车消费市场与消费者行为分析、汽车产品策略、汽车价格策略、汽车分销策略、汽车促销策略、汽车营销实务、二手车与汽车零配件营销业务以及国际汽车市场营销等汽车市场营销方面的内容。全书共分十二章,通过本书的学习,可以使学习者较为系统、全面地掌握汽车市场营销的基本理论和主要内容。本书在最后还附有精选的汽车营销案例以供学习者加深相关知识的运用和理解。本书既可以作为普通高等院校交通运输及汽车服务工程等相关专业的本科生的教材使用,也可供汽车市场营销从业人员参考阅读。[编辑本段]图书目录前言第一章 汽车营销基础第一节 汽车工业在国民经济中的地位与作用第二节 经营与销售第三节 汽车市场第四节 汽车市场营销第五节 营销因素与市场营销组合复习思考题第二章 汽车市场营销环境分析第一节 汽车市场营销环境概述第二节 汽车市场营销宏观环境分析第三节 汽车市场营销微观环境分析第四节 我国汽车市场的形成与发展第五节 人世对我国汽车市场营销环境的影响复习思考题第三章 汽车企业市场营销管理第一节 汽车企业战略规划第二节 汽车企业市场营销管理第三节 汽车市场营销计划复习思考题第四章 汽车市场调研与预测第一节 汽车市场营销信息系统第二节 汽车市场调研第三节 汽车市场预测复习思考题第五章 汽车消费市场与消费者行为分析第一节 汽车消费市场分析第二节 汽车消费者购买模式分析第三节 私人汽车消费者购买行为分析第四节 组织购车用户购买行为分析复习思考题第六章 汽车产品策略第一节 汽车产品及组合第二节 汽车产品的寿命周期及应用策略第三节 汽车品牌与商标策略复习思考题第七章 汽车价格策略第一节 汽车价格概述第二节 汽车产品定价方法第三节 汽车产品定价策略复习思考题第八章 汽车分销策略第一节 汽车销售渠道第二节 汽车分销渠道中的中间商第三节 汽车营销模式复习思考题第九章 汽车促销策略第一节 汽车促销与促销组合第二节 汽车人员促销第三节 汽车广告促销第四节 汽车公共关系促销第五节 汽车营业推广促销复习思考题第十章 汽车营销实务第一节 汽车营销及管理人员的基本要求第二节 4S店汽车营销模式第三节 汽车销售的基本法则和技巧复习思考题第十一章 二手车与汽车零配件营销业务第一节 二手车的鉴定与评估第二节 二手车营销业务第三节 汽车零配件营销复习思考题第十二章 国际汽车市场营销第一节 国际汽车市场的特点第二节 国际汽车市场营销环境分析第三节 国际汽车市场营销方式第四节 国际汽车市场营销策略复习思考题附录 汽车营销案例案例一:奇瑞促销——为汽车“黑马”插上腾飞的翅膀案例二:上海大众帕萨特的定价策略案例三:广州本田的汽车专卖店销售模式案例四:上海通用的客户关系管理(cRM)的实施案例五:北京现代的促销策略案例六:奔驰营销的成功之路案例七:汽车“定制式”营销模式案例八:别克汽车的中国成功之路案例九:卡玛斯汽车销售新渠道的推出案例十:丰田汽车进入美国汽车市场的营销策略参考文献参考资料:图书

汽车工程专业毕业论文,已发送,注意查收。希望对你有帮助。

汽车毕业论文参考文献

紧张而又充实的大学生活即将结束,毕业生都要通过最后的毕业论文,毕业论文是一种有计划的检验大学学习成果的形式,那么应当如何写毕业论文呢?下面是我整理的汽车毕业论文参考文献,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。

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[2] 中国汽车零部件行业发展模式研究 吉林大学 2007 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库

[3] 汽车行业一体化(质量、环境、职业健康安全)管理体系认证的研究 吉林大学 2007 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库

[4] 汽车驾驶员前方视野测量系统软件开发 吉林大学 2007 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库

[5] 合肥汽车客运总公司发展战略研究 合肥工业大学 2007 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库

[6] 哈尔滨成功汽车维修有限公司发展战略案例 哈尔滨工程大学 2007 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库

[7] 汽车齿轮工艺的研究与应用 哈尔滨工程大学 2007 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库

[8] 我国汽车企业品牌竞争力研究 湖南大学 2007 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库

[9] 汽车造型中的张力和表现性研究 湖南大学 2007 中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库

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论文格式说明

(1)题目(仿宋_gb2312,三号字)力求简明、醒目,反映出文章的主题。中文文题一般以20个汉字以内为宜,不用非公知公认的缩写或符号,尽量避免用英文缩写。

(2)作者(仿宋_gb2312,小四)作者姓名居题目下方。

(3)指导老师(仿宋_gb2312,小四)

(4)学校专业、学号(仿宋_gb2312,五号)

(5)摘要:200—300字左右(摘要两字字体为仿宋_gb2312,五号,加粗。内容字体为仿宋_gb2312,五号)摘要的内容应客观真实,采用第三人称撰写,不用“本文”、“作者”等主语,应反映文章的主要观点,重点表述研究内容及结论,交待相关的研究条件、方法等,必须重点突出、文字简练。

摘要中要突出描述作者所做的工作,不要或尽可能少地出现“介绍”、“总结”之类的词,用“本文研究了……”“本文提出了……”

(6)关键字:3—5个(关键字三字字体为仿宋_gb2312,五号,加粗。内容字体为仿宋_gb2312,五号)要符合学科分类及专业术语的通用性,并注意与国际惯例一致。

(7)正文(正文字体全部为仿宋_gb2312,小四。但大标题或小标题均加粗)

正文中的序号及标题层次 :文中的各种序号,全部用阿拉伯数字按顺序左起顶格书写。标题层次不宜过多,有标题才有序号,标题层次按第一层1,第二层,第三层,第四层的顺序逐级标明,不同层次的数字之间加下圆点相分隔,最后一位数字后面不加标点,写法如下:

1 △△△△(章的标题,顶格,占一行)

△△△△(条的标题,顶格,占一行)

△△△△(顶格,接正文)

△△△△(顶格,接正文)

(正文内容要求:1、现状 2、存在问题 3、对策建议)

(8)参考文献(参考文献四字字体为仿宋_gb2312,五号,加粗。内容字体为仿宋_gb2312,五号)注意根据自己的大纲来进行资料的搜集和取舍,即根据自己的想法来控制和组织资料,而不是被资料控制。注意所搜集材料的正确性及用词的规范性。

按照下列顺序排列文章

论文总标题:字体仿宋,字号三号,20字以内,汉字

作者:总标题正下方,字体仿宋,字号小四

指导老师:作者正下方,字体仿宋,字号小四

学校、专业、学号:居中,字体仿宋,字号五号

摘要(“摘要”这两个字仿宋,五号,加粗,顶格):200-300字,仿宋,五号字

关键字(“关键字”这三个字仿宋,五号,加粗,顶格):3-5个词,仿宋,五号字

正文:仿宋,小四(如果包含小标题,小标题加粗)

毕业论文格式

一、 论文的格式要求

1.论文用A4纸打印;

2.论文标题居中,小二号黑体(加粗) ,一般中文标题在二十字以内;

4.副标题四号,宋体,不加粗,居中

5.论文内容摘要、关键词、参考文献、正文均统一用四号,宋体(不加粗);大段落标题加粗;

6.页码统一打在右下角,格式为“第×页 共×页” ;

7.全文行间距为1倍行距

8.序号编排如下:

一、(前空二格)――――――――――――此标题栏请加粗

(一) (前空二格)

1.(前空二格)

(1) (前空二格)

二、 内容摘要、关键词

内容摘要是对论文内容准确概括而不加注释或者评论的简短陈述,应尽量反映论文的主要信息。内容摘要篇幅以150字左右为宜。关键词是反映论文主题内容的名词,一般选用3-4个,每个关键词之间用分号隔开。关键词排在摘要下方。“内容摘要”和“关键词”本身要求用[关键词][内容摘要](综括号、四号、宋体、加粗)。

三、正文部分

正文是论文的核心,要实事求是,准确无误,层次分明,合乎逻辑,简练可读。字数不少于3000字。

文字要求规范;所有文字字面清晰,不得涂改。

数字用法 :公历世纪、年代、年、月、日、时刻和各种计数与计量,均用阿拉伯数字。年份不能简写,如2015年不能写成15年。

四、参考文献

参考文献其他部分统一使用四号宋体不加粗。“参考文献”本身要求用参考文献:(四号、宋体,加粗)。

五、致谢

致谢

两字本身用四号,宋体,加粗,居中。内容为四号宋体,不加粗。

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跟汽车有关的论文题目

汽车制造企业人力资源成本确定与监测研究汽车制造企业RFID采纳过程模型及应用问题研究我国汽车制造企业税务风险管理体系研究——以A企业为例构建税务风险管理体系我国汽车制造企业自主创新能力形成机理的研究我国汽车制造企业自主产品品牌战略研究供应链视角下柳州汽车制造企业核心竞争力提升研究汽车制造企业物流运作模式选择研究

车辆工程毕业论文题目如下:

1.发动机排放技术的应用分析

2.微型车怠速不良原因与控制措施

3.柴油机电子控制系统的发展

4.我国汽车尾气排放控制现状与对策

5.发动机自动熄火的诊断分析

6.汽车发动机的维护与保养

7.柴油机微粒排放的净化技术发展趋势

8.汽车污染途径及控制措施

9.现代发动机自诊断系统探讨

10.关于奔驰300SEL型不能着车的故障分析

11.奔驰Sprinter动力不足的检测与维修

12.上海通用别克发动机电控系统故障的诊断与检修

13.现代伊兰特发动机电控系统故障的诊断与检修

14.广本雅阁发动机电控系统故障的诊断与检修

15.电子燃油喷射系统的诊断与维修

16.帕萨特排放控制系统的结构控制原理与检修

17.广本雅阁排放控制系统的结构控制原理与检修

18.汽车发动机怠速成抖动现象的原因及排查方法探讨

19汽车排放控制系统的检修

20.安全气囊的发展与应用

21.机电液一体化技术在汽车中的应用

22.分析国产几种汽车行走系统特点

我为大家整理的汽车科技论文题目,希望你们喜欢。 汽车科技论文题目 1发动机排放技术的应用分析 2微型车怠速不良原因与控制措施 3柴油机电子控制系统的发展 4我国汽车尾气排放控制现状与对策 5发动机自动熄火的诊断分析 6汽车发动机的维护与保养 7柴油机微粒排放的净化技术发展趋势 8汽车污染途径及控制措施 9现代发动机自诊断系统探讨 10关于****型不能着车的故障分析 11***动力不足的检测与维修 12上海通用别克发动机电控系统故障的诊断与检修 13现代伊兰特发动机电控系统故障的诊断与检修 14广本雅阁发动机电控系统故障的诊断与检修 15电子燃油喷射系统的诊断与维修 16帕萨特排放控制系统的结构控制原理与检修 17广本雅阁排放控制系统的结构控制原理与检修 18汽车发动机怠速成抖动现象的原因及排查方法探讨 19汽车排放控制系统的检修 21论汽车检测技术的发展 22奥迪A6排放控制系统的结构控制原理与检修 23丰田凌志400发动机电控系统故障的诊断与检修 24奥迪A6B5电子燃油喷射系统的诊断与维修 25标致307电子燃油喷射系统的诊断与维修 27汽车转向盘摆振故障分析 28防抱死系统在常用轿车上的使用特点分析 29汽车底盘的故障诊断分析 30汽车的常用转向系统的性能分析 31汽车变速箱故障故障诊断 32安全气囊的发展与应用 33汽车制动系统故障诊断 34分析国产几种汽车行走系统特点 35分析国产几种汽车制动系统特点 36分析国产几种汽车转向系统特点 37机电液一体化技术在汽车中的应用 38丰田系列ABS故障诊断方法的探讨 39通用系列ABS故障诊断探讨 40奔驰560SEL车型ABS系统故障案例分析 41AL4自动变速器的结构控制原理与检修 42汽车四轮定位的探讨 434T65E自动变速器的结构控制原理与检修 44上海通用别克转向系统故障的诊断与检修 45上海通用别克制动系统故障的诊断与检修 46现代伊兰特转向系统故障的诊断与检修 47现代伊兰特制动系统故障的诊断与检修 48SONATA制动系统的结构控制原理与检修 49电控悬架系统的结构控制原理与检修 50上海帕萨特B5自动变速器的结构控制原理与检修 51丰田佳美制动系统的结构控制原理与检修 52丰田凌志400悬架系统的结构控制原理与检修 53标致307制动系统故障的诊断与检修 54标致307手动变速器的结构控制原理与检修 55上海通用别克悬架与车桥故障分析与检修 56电控液动式自动变速器的结构控制原理与维修 57分析轮胎性能对汽车行走行使的影响 58捷达轿车底盘常见故障分析与检修 59汽车转向系课件设计 60汽车ABS综述 61车用防抱死制动系统设计 62汽车蓄电池的维护与故障控制 63信息技术在汽车中的应用 64现代汽车渗漏故障与控制技术 65汽车点火系统故障诊断 66丰田凌志400空调控制系统分析 67桑塔纳故障诊断方法的研究 68汽车空调技术浅析 69蒙迪欧的空调系统分析 70氧传感器故障检测 71传统诊断在轿车维修中的应用 汽车科技论文范文 现代高科技汽车维修技术浅谈 摘 要:现代汽车行业在高科技的道路上蓬勃发展,其技术含量与日俱增,传统的修车模式已经不能满足现代汽车的维修。现代汽车越来越多的由计算机进行控制,各系统模块由程序完成执行操作,这样的发展导致现代汽车维修行业成为了一种新兴技术应用的行业,传统维修理念的改革势在必行,针对我国现代汽车的现状分析,进行策略改革。 关键词:现代汽车;维修;策略;发展趋势 中图分类号: 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1674-7712 (2013) 24-0000-02 科学技术日新月异,带给汽车行业的也是新兴技术的革新,新技术、新材料、新工艺等高新技术产物,被广泛的集成于汽车制造行业,特别是电子技术、液压技术。新技术的应用使现代汽车俨然成为了先进技术的集成。随着现代汽车的不断翻新,其产生的故障也越来越复杂,对现代汽车的维修已经不能局限于传统观念,对于汽车故障的诊断不能只靠手摸眼看,汽车维修也不再是一门手艺,而是对与时俱进的科技的调试。所以,伴随汽车行业的成长,现代汽车的维修技术也要相应的做出改变,修车理念要不断更新、不断创新。 一、现代汽车维修特征 (一)故障诊断新技术 现代汽车的发展已经与科技的发展相契合,汽车不再是一个代步的机械产物,而是一个集无数高新技术于一身的高科技结晶体。电子技术、数字技术、电脑控制技术被广泛的应用到汽车的各个系统。现代汽车中一些系统的故障检测,已经不再是依靠人为触摸、观察可以感受到的,而是依靠电控元件的自我诊断。汽车中一些主要系统总成均由电控元件全面控制,这些系统有电子燃油喷射系统发电机、安全气囊系统、加速滑动调整器、电子悬挂系统、自动巡航系统、动力牵引系统、防抱死制动系统、电子控制自动变速箱系统、自动空调系统、动力转向系统、中控门锁及防盗系统、还有自我诊断系统。这些高度自动化的系统,如果出现故障,电控单元会自动进行诊断,将诊断的结果以程序代码的形式记录,存储到存储器中。然后工作人员再利用解码器解读故障中的诊断报告,得到故障码,从而对故障发生的地方进行定位,也可以通过在线帮助为顾客提供故障排除。 (二)高新技术维修工具 伴随着现代汽车技术的革新,故障诊断系统的升级,现代汽车检修、维修的设备也有了新的突破。汽车维修保养设备不再以机械工具为主,而是以同样是高科技集成产物的检测设备、仪器为主体。上世纪90年代,我国针对汽车行业引进了一大批先进技术以及仪器设备,其中包括一些检测仪器、维修设备等,如四轮定位仪、汽车专用示波器、解码器、汽车专用电表、发动机分析仪、电脑动平衡机、尾气测试仪等。对于那时的汽车维修行业,这些仪器只能起到精确故障范围、节省人力物力的微小作用,但是现在,这些仪器设备已成为现代汽车维修不可缺少的工具,以其自身精密、高新的技术原理,来应对现代汽车故障,大大增加了现代汽车维修的科技含量,使得汽车维修更加简洁、方便、准确、精密,减少了人工检测时,因经验不足而导致的失误。所以,现代汽车维修的前提,是要求维修人员了解电子技术、数字技术、电脑控制技术的相关知识,了解各种维修检修仪器设备的设计原理和使用方法。 (三)维修人才培训特征 现代汽车维修的理念与传统的维修理念大相径庭。传统汽车维修,大多以一种“江湖手艺”的形式出现,师傅传授徒弟,大多以实践为主,直接上手,在亲手操作中摸索方法、积累经验来实现维修技术的提高,这种模式直接导致汽车维修行业中维修工人文化水平不高、普遍理论基础相当薄弱、外语水平较低、接受新技术的能力较差。随着汽车技术的发展,现代汽车的维修理念需要改革,维修人员的培训模式做出革新。从事汽车维修的人员首先要进行技术理论培训,掌握现代汽车中应用到的科学技术、设计原理,还需进行各种修车必要的仪器设备的使用培训,了解其原理,掌握一门外语,能够看懂国外对汽车先进技术的介绍,同时还要求汽修人员能够熟练的使用电脑控制技术,进行分析和查询,能够通过互联网进行在线查询、维修、咨询、帮助。提升自身素质,才能够适应现代汽车发展的步伐。 二、制约现代汽车维修技术提高的因素 伴随世界汽车技术的蓬勃发展,我国现代汽车技术也在与时俱进,但是,对于现代汽车的维修技术,还有待提高,其中制约我国现代汽车维修技术发展的因素有以下几点: (一)从业人员水平偏低 从传统修车方式发展而来,导致现在的从业人员技术水平、文化水平、业务素质水平普遍偏低,大多从业人员对现代汽车的制造原理、内含的科学技术不是很了解,对于现代设备仪器的原理和使用方法不够明确,学习能力较低,不能够很快适应现代汽车技术的发展。从而,制约了我国现代汽车维修技术的发展。 (二)检测维修设备落后 伴随着现代汽车的迅猛发展,世界先进水平的现代汽车维修技术,已经达到高科技、自动化、数字化、智能化。但是,我国汽车修理行业一直处在闭关状态,依旧保持原有保守传统的修理模式,与外界的先进技术严重脱轨。现阶段,我国维修行业所应用的检测、维修方面的设备,相较世界先进水平,还很落后,与现代汽车的高新技术不同步,这也是我国现代汽车维修技术落后的主要因素之一。 (三)维修理念陈旧 传统维修理念,周期长,成本高,人力物力消耗过大,主要以对汽车进行大拆大卸的解体方式,和简单的手工工具进行故障检测,靠的是长期积累的经验和猜测。这样的检测不准确、不科学、不省时,更不能应对现代汽车高新技术方面出现的问题。陈旧的维修理念已经严重阻碍了我国现代汽车维修技术的发展了,所以,建立现代的维修理念迫在眉睫,必须要向机、电、液一体化的现代化理念转变,以检测、诊断技术为现代汽车维修技术的核心。 三、现代汽车维修策略 为适应现代汽车的发展步伐,我国现代汽车维修技术应该做出相应的改革,制定现代汽车维修策略,以提升现代汽车的维修技术,使其摆脱落后局面。 (一)掌握现代汽车新技术的发展方向 现代汽车的发展蓬勃迅猛,新技术如雨后春笋相继应用到汽车的各个系统,使现代汽车成为智能化、自动化的产物。所以,掌握现代汽车新技术的发展方向,提前进入对其的研究,对其可能出现的故障进行预测,模拟检修。例如,环保作为各行各业永恒的话题,现代汽车为了达到环保的要求,减少尾气排放对环境造成的污染,增加改进了很多装置,汽油机电控燃油喷射系统、高能电子点火系统、双燃料汽车的CPG系统等。还有,人们对现代汽车的要求已不只是代步工具,而更多地要求其舒适度、安全性,所以微电脑控制系统在汽车中逐步开始应用,安全气囊防碰撞系统、制动抱死系统、自动变速控制系统、空调自动控制系统、渐进式动力转向机构等。所以,如果维修人员能够掌握这些新技术的原理及应用,那么当汽车在这些方面出现故障的时候,就可以轻车熟路的解决问题,从容的面对汽车中新技术的改进。 (二)改变传统的维修理念 现代汽车的高科技进程,传统的维修理念已经不能够满足其需求。传统修理理念是凭借经验、手感、猜测进行故障检测,将汽车大拆大卸之后,逐一排除,周期长、成本高、耗资大,不科学、不经济。现阶段,对于科技含量高的现代汽车,这种传统的修理模式,只会使系统故障更加复杂,增加汽车故障检测、修理的难度。所以,要想提高我国现代汽车维修技术,必须要摒弃传统陈旧的维修理念,建立新兴的、高科技水平的维修理念。增加维修人员的理论基础,使他们了解汽车行业现应用的科学技术、应用原理,理论联系实践,将维修重点放在故障的检测及排查上面,善用高科技仪器设备,进行检测维修。建立现代的维修理念,才能适应现代汽车的发展,才不会在面临汽车故障时束手无策,在改进维修理念的同时,维修人员自身的知识储备、眼光见解、维修经验都会得到升级。 (三)提高维修技术水平 现代汽车维修技术越来越向智能化、自动化、现代化发展,在维修汽车时,经验不再是修车的主体,技术才是修理现代汽车不可缺少的。基于现在汽车行业的发展,不但现代汽车本身为高新技术的产物,而且维修汽车要用到的设备仪器也是高科技含量的,低水平的技术人员如果仅凭经验,是无法诊断故障所在,更不要说进行修理。所以,维修人员作为汽车修理的操作者,应该具备一定的专业素养,对汽车中各个系统的组成及原理较为了解,能够通过使用一些检测仪器对其进行诊断,提高诊断的准确率,减少不必要的人力物力的浪费,其中应掌握的知识应包括:现代汽车的原理结构、传感器技术的应用、液压控制技术、自动控制技术等。汽车维修企业的管理也直接关系到汽车维修人员的技术水平,企业应该积极引进新的技术,为维修人员的学习研究提供平台。维修人员的水平提高,定能够提高现代汽车维修技术的整体水平。 (四)诊断时注重数据的分析和应用 信息时代,通讯发达,使各个领域都是一派新气象。汽车行业也不例外,汽车不论从外观,还是结构原理都离不开数据、程序、资料等。对于汽车这样一个高科技产物,其中的数字化、自动化应用设备层出不穷,各种软件控制模拟控制,需要大量的数据、程序。仅靠经验积累已经不能主宰汽车维修这个行业,技术人员对数据、信息的采集,和通过对其分析处理来发现故障所在,针对诊断结果进行检修。所以,技术人员在进行诊断时,应该注重数据积累,提高数据信息的利用率,通过网络进行信息管理以及在线查询帮助等。现代汽车维修技术中,熟练查阅各种汽车数据、正确运用汽车数据是技术人员必须要掌握的技能。 (五)配备现代化的检测、诊断、维修设备 现代汽车技术中很多系统都是程序化、智能化,依靠数据、程序进行控制,基本已经实现机、电、液一体化,其中大部分故障是仅靠经验或手感无法检测出来的。应对高科技水平的现代汽车,我们的维修设备不能仅局限于手工工具,而是应该引进高科技含量的设备仪器,对其进行检测,对其内部代码、组成、结构进行自动诊断,发现其内部控制的故障。诊断时现代汽车维修的重中之重,正确的诊断出故障所在,不但能够减少人力物力的资源浪费,还能够将维修时的失误降到最低,这便需要高精度的仪器设备。对于内部故障,如程序代码、或控制系统出现异常,维修时也要依靠外加设备,进行漏洞修补和完善。针对现代汽车技术的维修,检测、诊断、维修设备已成为必不可少的工具,如四轮定位仪、汽车专用示波器、解码器、汽车专用电表、发动机分析仪、电脑动平衡机、尾气测试仪等。 (六)建立故障诊断专家系统 目前,我国车辆数目逐年快速增加,进口先进车型也越来越多,品种繁多,车型复杂,各种品牌的车的结构控制方式有所不同,汽车修理人员不可能熟悉所有车型的构造,应对一种车型的经验,也不足以支撑其它车型的修理调试,所以很多汽车维修企业因缺乏相关维修专家的技术指导而不能适应现代汽车维修市场的需求,所以需要建立一个故障诊断专家系统,利用计算机网络强大的信息处理功能,广泛采集各种品牌、车型的技术数据、故障表现、诊断程序、修理工艺以及各个系统的组成原理、可能出现的故障和处理预防办法。这样的网络,能够实现现代汽车维修技术的共享,使我国现代汽车维修技术的整体水平得到提升。 (七)建立网络平台提供在线咨询服务 现代汽车维修设备新、车型复杂、技术含量高,如果没有相应的结构介绍、诊断数据、电路图、相关程序等大量数据信息,技术人员无从下手。而汽车构造越复杂,可能出现的故障越细微,对其检测维修的难度越大,维修人员越是需要数据信息对其进行分析、排查,但是,对车型的不熟悉、控制的不同会导致维修进行的很艰难,所以建立网络平台提供在线咨询服务,能够减轻维修技术人员的压力,能够为技术人员收集数据提供一个平台,解决在维修中遇到的疑难杂症。 四、现代汽车的发展趋势 随着局域网控制、数据总线技术和嵌入式系统的成熟,汽车电子技术的集成化将成为现代汽车的发展方向,如发动机管理系统和自动变速器控制系统,集成为动力传动系统的综合控制等。智能控制方法将自适应控制、模糊控制、鲁棒控制、最优控制、神经网络控制等引入,推动了汽车智能化的发展,汽车的智能化也将成为汽车发展的一个方向。同时,现代汽车也会向网络化继续发展,车载网络系统也将成为大势所趋。 面对现代汽车行业的发展趋势,现代汽车维修也应做出姿态,适应汽车的发展,与其同步。总之,在现代汽车维修行业中,要不断更新技术,改进设备,进行品牌化经营,提高技术人员的综合素质和诊断分析能力,摒弃传统观念,建立现代观念,注重维护,注重效率,倡导汽车维修行业的服务优质化、品牌化、现代化势在必行。 参考文献: [1]张晶,王云龙.现代汽车维修中应用传统诊断技术浅析[J].中国科技财富,2011(14):34-37. [2]潘彩凤.浅析传统故障诊断法在现代汽车维修中的应用[J].商品与质量・学术观察,2013(05):13-16. [3]张国彬.现代汽车维修的特征与技术分析[J].中国科技投资,2013(16):04-07. 看了“汽车科技论文题目”的人还看: 1. 关于汽车的科技论文3000字 2. 关于汽车的科技论文 3. 科技论文题目 4. 关于创新科技论文题目 5. 浅谈汽车技术管理论文

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