发布时间：
Objective To evaluate acute and long2term angiographic and clinical outcomes of longstent or multiple overlapped stents (length ≥ 20 mm) implantation for diffuse atherosclerosis lesions inoctogenarians. Methods Long stent or multiple overlapped stents implantation was performed on 111diffuse native coronary lesions ( Group O : 47 lesions in 44 octogenarians ; Group Y: 64 lesions in 58 patientsaged under 60) . Baseline demographic , lesion characteristic , angiographic and procedural details weresimilar in these 2 groups. Six2month clinical and angiographic follow2up was completed in all cases. In2hospital and long2term outcomes were evaluated. Results Procedure success was 100 %for both had in2hospital major adverse cardiac events (MACE) . There was no significant difference inangiographic binary restenosis ( ≥50 % diameter stenosis) rate between the groups at follow2up ( Group Ovs. Group Y, 1218 % vs1 1019 % at 32month , 2918 % vs. 2616 % at 62month , P > 0105) . The rates oftarget lesion revascularization and MACE at follow2up were less in Group Y, but it showed no statisticalsignificance (718 % vs. 1016 % and 816 % vs. 1114 % at 32month , 1516 % vs. 2314 % and 2017 % % at 62month , respectively , P > 0105) . Conclusions Long stent implantation for diffuse lesionsin octogenarians appears safe and feasible , with high procedural success and favorable long2term outcomes.
主题是什么，有哪些要求呢？建议你去资讯一下那些专业的机构。
s why more and more people are being active in various kinds of sports and exercises.
If people follow these three ways of keeping fit. Some practice shadowboxing and swordplay while others run. Every morning many people get up early and take much exercise.
First, block the flow of blood, and therefore should be given up, walk or dance to music. This strengthens the heart. They advise people to eat more fruit and vegetables and less meat such as beef and pork because meat contains more fat than poultry and fish.
Medical researchers have proved that what people eat affects their health, it is essential to do the following. Some play basketball or volleyball or table tennis? Different people may give different answers to this question. Unfortunately few people follow this advice. Through sports and exercise, people bee healthier and stronger;s health a great deal. Smoking and drinking alcohol injure one'. Fat can build up in the arteries. That'.
Getting rid of bad habits like *** oking and drinking alcohol is also an important way to keep healthy, reduces the chance of heart attack. Research shows that getting plenty of exercise make the heart beat faster and the lungs work harder. In my opinion, it is absolutely necessary to take some exercise every day, and cause a heart attack or stroke. In the afternoon, others go in for gymnastics or track events,there are also many people keen on sports, and helps lower blood pressureHow to Keep Healthy
Nowadays more and more people are concerned about their health. But how to keep healthy, they greatly improve their health, jog
All people in urban and rural areas will enjoy basic medical care and health services by increasing government responsibility and spending, we will also encourage greater participation of private capital from both home and abroad in the reform covers a wide range of subjects including insurance, drug manufacturing, distribution and supervision, and legislation of medical put into place basic medical and health care systems covering both urban and rural residents, and ensure that every resident has access to safe。
The disturbing phenomenon has caused wide social concern. There are several underlying causes behind it. Nowadays, people tend to care more about their health and expect a longer life span, thus causing a boom in medical treatment. People are willing to spend more money on health care. Some hospitals take advantage of this and offer patients more unnecessary physical examinations in order to make more profits. 令人不安的现象引起了广泛的社会关注。
有几个背后的原因。如今，人们更关心他们的健康，期望寿命更长，从而导致了医疗的繁荣。
人们愿意花更多的钱在医疗保健上。一些医院利用这一优势，为患者提供更多不必要的体检，以使更多的利润。
In my view, it's high time that urgent measures should be taken to improve the present situation. First, doctors should live up to patients' expectations and put saving people's lives above anything else. Second, the authorities should shoulder its responsibility to ensure that hospitals provide people with high-quality medical care at a reasonable price. 在我看来，现在应该采取紧急措施来改善目前的形势了。首先，医生应该对病人的期望值，并把人的生命放在其他任何东西上面。
其次，当局应承担起它的责任，确保医院为人民提供高质量的医疗服务，以合理的价格。
The disturbing phenomenon has caused wide social concern. There are several underlying causes behind it. Nowadays, people tend to care more about their health and expect a longer life span, thus causing a boom in medical treatment. People are willing to spend more money on health care. Some hospitals take advantage of this and offer patients more unnecessary physical examinations in order to make more profits.
令人不安的现象引起了广泛的社会关注。有几个背后的原因。如今，人们更关心他们的健康，期望寿命更长，从而导致了医疗的繁荣。人们愿意花更多的钱在医疗保健上。一些医院利用这一优势，为患者提供更多不必要的体检，以使更多的利润。
In my view, it's high time that urgent measures should be taken to improve the present situation. First, doctors should live up to patients' expectations and put saving people's lives above anything else. Second, the authorities should shoulder its responsibility to ensure that hospitals provide people with high-quality medical care at a reasonable price.
在我看来，现在应该采取紧急措施来改善目前的形势了。首先，医生应该对病人的期望值，并把人的生命放在其他任何东西上面。其次，当局应承担起它的责任，确保医院为人民提供高质量的医疗服务，以合理的价格。
Campus Life 有关校园生活的英语作文
Early in senior high school, we longed to be enrolled in a university. Now the dream has e true. But how do we college students like our campus life?
Certainly, some relish it, finding it colorful and rewarding. Besides study, they spend considerable amount of time improving themselves in various aspect. Yet others do not think much of their college life, thus do not benefit as much. In their eyes, the university is just a bigger high school. The only difference is that they have more time at their disposal without parents looking over their shoulder.
As to me, college life is ideal if only I have abundant books to read, some bosom friends to keep me pany, a couple of conscientious professors to instruct me, and an easy access to the Inter.
范文二：
My station in university campus inch territory, breathes and feels a here freshness. The university life like this started. The life four years time already the picture got down certainly has run the line, you along this path endless long journey, the university time will say regarding me will be fresh, the biography first time was far away the hometown, trod studies the road. I to the university life am fuzzy, after investigates many times, everybody is o characters ----- is bored to the university life feeling, perhaps has that a reason! Three years high school life is such intense stimulates. Recollected also a little is afraid, facing high school's intense sprint, diligently was admitted to a school dream of the university, everybody is the like this struggle, assaults the dream. At the present, steps into the university campus, studies the life has had the bored feeling.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PRODUCTION PLANNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF SURVEYING AND MAPPING PROJECTKEY WORDS: GIS,Design,Analysis,Application,Management,ProductionABSTRACT:With the development of photogrammetry and spatial information sciences, we have found many new methods to solve the technical problem in surveying and mapping project. But there is a little research on the project management. Traditional management method is plex and time-consuming. Now, we need use new technique to improve the management method for enhancing management level. Taking “National Western Surveying and Mapping Project on 1:50000 Topological Maps Blank Area” as an example, this paper focus on production planning management. The project is remarkable, not only the task and extent is tremendous, but also the staff and stuff are excessive. The Blank Area has atrocious weather and extreme hypsography. All of the conditions increase the project management difficulty. For reasonable planning and logical budget, we designed and realized a production planning management system to give the decision support to the managers. This paper studies the system'e69da5e6ba903233363533362s requirement *** ysis, system structure and function in . INTRODUCTIONNowadays, Geographical Information Systems(GIS) are powerful and useful as means of information, visualization and research tools(Quan Bao,2004). Most GIS sofare is more suited to providing limited types of output than as a tool to support, at anything other than a superficial level, tactical or strategic decision-making processes. To improve the usefulness of GIS as a decision support tool, o needs are apparent. First, decision-makers require methods that allow them to easily select alternatives across a number of relevant criteria. Second, it is necessary to explicitly recognize that most decision-making processes involve multiple participants. Since problem solving id often characterized by multiple and conflicting objectives, methods that contribute toward more a pletely aiding decision system are required.。
你可以去创新医学网上看看，而且还有翻译服务。
Objective To evaluate acute and long2term angiographic and clinical outcomes of longstent or multiple overlapped stents (length ≥ 20 mm) implantation for diffuse atherosclerosis lesions inoctogenarians. Methods Long stent or multiple overlapped stents implantation was performed on 111diffuse native coronary lesions ( Group O : 47 lesions in 44 octogenarians ; Group Y: 64 lesions in 58 patientsaged under 60) . Baseline demographic , lesion characteristic , angiographic and procedural details weresimilar in these 2 groups. Six2month clinical and angiographic follow2up was completed in all cases. In2hospital and long2term outcomes were evaluated. Results Procedure success was 100 %for both had in2hospital major adverse cardiac events (MACE) . There was no significant difference inangiographic binary restenosis ( ≥50 % diameter stenosis) rate between the groups at follow2up ( Group Ovs. Group Y, 1218 % vs1 1019 % at 32month , 2918 % vs. 2616 % at 62month , P > 0105) . The rates oftarget lesion revascularization and MACE at follow2up were less in Group Y, but it showed no statisticalsignificance (718 % vs. 1016 % and 816 % vs. 1114 % at 32month , 1516 % vs. 2314 % and 2017 % % at 62month , respectively , P > 0105) . Conclusions Long stent implantation for diffuse lesionsin octogenarians appears safe and feasible , with high procedural success and favorable long2term outcomes.
As is vividly shown in the picture, a patient with a cold is consulting his doctor. To his astonishment, the doctor recommends that he should do a set of physical check-ups. Having realized they are unnecessary, the patient immediately turns down the doctor's disturbing phenomenon has caused wide social concern. There are several underlying causes behind it. Nowadays, people tend to care more about their health and expect a longer life span, thus causing a boom in medical treatment. People are willing to spend more money on health care. Some hospitals take advantage of this and offer patients more unnecessary physical examinations in order to make more my view, it's high time that urgent measures should be taken to improve the present situation. First, doctors should live up to patients' expectations and put saving people's lives above anything else. Second, the authorities should shoulder its responsibility to ensure that hospitals provide people with high-quality medical care at a reasonable price. (158 words)
这种比较专业性的好的免费的论文在网上很难找,就算找的应该也不是完整的,特别是免费的,建议你去学校图书馆阅览室,你不有阅览证吗?那里很多,选择性多呀,含金量也比较高.
你可以去创新医学网上看看，而且还有翻译服务。
Objective To evaluate acute and long2term angiographic and clinical outcomes of longstent or multiple overlapped stents (length ≥ 20 mm) implantation for diffuse atherosclerosis lesions inoctogenarians. Methods Long stent or multiple overlapped stents implantation was performed on 111diffuse native coronary lesions ( Group O : 47 lesions in 44 octogenarians ; Group Y: 64 lesions in 58 patientsaged under 60) . Baseline demographic , lesion characteristic , angiographic and procedural details weresimilar in these 2 groups. Six2month clinical and angiographic follow2up was completed in all cases. In2hospital and long2term outcomes were evaluated. Results Procedure success was 100 %for both had in2hospital major adverse cardiac events (MACE) . There was no significant difference inangiographic binary restenosis ( ≥50 % diameter stenosis) rate between the groups at follow2up ( Group Ovs. Group Y, 1218 % vs1 1019 % at 32month , 2918 % vs. 2616 % at 62month , P > 0105) . The rates oftarget lesion revascularization and MACE at follow2up were less in Group Y, but it showed no statisticalsignificance (718 % vs. 1016 % and 816 % vs. 1114 % at 32month , 1516 % vs. 2314 % and 2017 % % at 62month , respectively , P > 0105) . Conclusions Long stent implantation for diffuse lesionsin octogenarians appears safe and feasible , with high procedural success and favorable long2term outcomes.
去PubMed检索，列表后面有fulltext提示，部分新发布的论文免费提供全文。旧刊全文收费不便宜，一篇几美金到20多美金不等。
主题是什么，有哪些要求呢？建议你去资讯一下那些专业的机构。
你可以去创新医学网上看看，而且还有翻译服务。
药学方向的论文写法如下：
1、论文选题。基本要求：实验性，研究性均可。毕业论文选题方向大致分类为：分析研究、药物化学研究、药学研究、工艺验证及改进、中药炮制研究、中药资源研究、中药化学研究、制剂研究、生物制药研究、药理研究、医院药学研究，药物安全性评价等。
2、给毕业论文确定题目。简洁：中文题目最好不超过20个字；准确：题目需要准确反映论文的内容，避免文题不符、以大代小、以偏概全等。如：CK制剂与原研制剂溶出曲线对比；铁皮石斛中粗多糖研究；葛根提取物检测方法开发与市场提取物评价；苯扎贝特胶囊的工艺改进研究。
拓展资料：
药学是连接健康科学和化学科学的医疗保健行业，它承担着确保药品的安全和有效使用的职责。药学主要研究药物的来源、炮制、性状、作用、分析、鉴定、调配、生产、保管和寻找（包括合成）新药等。主要任务是不断提供更有效的药物和提高药物质量，保证用药安全，使病患得以以伤害最小，效益最大的方式治疗或治愈疾病。
业务培养目标。本专业学生应掌握药学各分支学科的基本理论和基础知识，接受药学科研方法和技能的基本训练。具备较扎实的基础和较宽广的专业知识。培养能从事药物化学、药物分析、药物评价、临床合理用药、医药经营及管理、新药研究与开发、药品生产与管理等方面工作的高级科学技术人才。
业务培养要求。本专业学生主要学习药学各主要分支学科的基本理论和基本知识，受到药学实验方法和技能的基本训练，具有药物制备、质量控制评价及指导合理用药的基本能力。主要课程。无机化学、有机化学，分析化学（化学分析、仪器分析）、物理化学、生物化学、药用拉丁语、药学英语、人体解剖学、生理学、微生物学与免疫学、生药学等。
,Hi!My name is am twelve years am a good I am a girl .I am not handsome but I am very lovely .I am study in ... shool is very good and like it very have big eyes and my ears are big my nose and mouse are I look like favorite sport is play basketball and table tennis I think health is very I hope you healthy 2,My name is Li Rong ,is a Class One Grade Six student of Hongshan elementary like dancing,performing,managing,and singing!The hobbies are much have written a good character,obtains teacher's performance the first grade,I has been being various branches group had obtained many certificates,and have published many that my performance can make you to satisfy!Hoped that my name can keep in your heart!
Oral Administration 口服给药 For oral administration, the most common route, absorption refers to the transport of drugs across membranes of the epithelial cells in the GI tract. Absorption after oral administration is confounded by differences in luminal pH along the GI tract, surface area per luminal volume, blood perfusion, the presence of bile and mucus, and the nature of epithelial membranes. Acids are absorbed faster in the intestine than in the stomach, apparently contradicting the hypothesis that un-ionized drug more readily crosses membranes. However, the apparent contradiction is explained by the larger surface area and greater permeability of the membranes in the small intestine. 口服是最常用的给药途径，其吸收涉及药物通过胃肠道上皮细胞膜的转运。由于给药时相关环境条件的不同，如胃肠道管腔内pH及单位腔道容积的表面积，组织血流灌注情况，胆汁和粘液的存在以及上皮细胞膜的性质等，口服给药的吸收也有差异。酸性药物在肠中的吸收较胃中快，这显然与非解离药物更易透过细胞膜这一假设相矛盾。然而，这种明显的矛盾却可以从小肠具有很大的表面积和小肠细胞膜具有较大的通透性中得到答案。 The oral mucosa has a thin epithelium and a rich vascularity that favors absorption, but contact is usually too brief, even for drugs in solution, for appreciable absorption to occur. A drug placed between the gums and cheek （buccal administration） or under the tongue （sublingual administration） is retained longer so that absorption is more complete. 口腔粘膜上皮很薄，血管丰富，有利于药物吸收。但是，接触的时间太短暂，即使是溶液剂也来不及等到明显的吸收发生。把一种药物置于齿龈和面颊之间（颊部给药）或置于舌下（舌下给药）则可保留较长时间，使吸收更加完全。 The stomach has a relatively large epithelial surface, but because it has a thick mucous layer and the time that the drug remains there is usually relatively short, absorption is limited. Absorption of virtually all drugs is faster from the small intestine than from the stomach. Therefore, gastric emptying is the rate-limiting step. Food, especially fatty foods, slows gastric emptying （and the rate of drug absorption）, explaining why some drugs should be taken on an empty stomach when a rapid onset of action is desired. Food may enhance the extent of absorption for poorly soluble drugs （eg, griseofulvin）, reduce it for drugs degraded in the stomach （eg, penicillin G）, or have little or no effect. Drugs that affect gastric emptying （eg, parasympatholytic drugs） affect the absorption rate of other drugs. 胃具有相对大的上皮表面，但由于它有较厚的粘液层，而且药物在胃内停留的时间相对较短，吸收也较少。事实上，所有药物在小肠中的吸收速度都要比胃中快。因此，胃排空即是一限速性步骤。食物，特别是脂类食物，延缓胃排空速度（从而也延缓药物吸收速度），这也就是为何某些希望迅速奏效的药物宜空腹服用的原因。食物可增强某些溶解性差的药物（如灰黄霉素）的吸收，减少胃内降解药物（如青霉素G）的吸收，食物以裁缝折吸收或无影响，或影响甚少。影响胃排空的药物（如副交感神经阻断剂）可影响其他药物的吸收速度。 The small intestine has the largest surface area for drug absorption in the GI tract. The intraluminal pH is 4 to 5 in the duodenum but becomes progressively more alkaline, approaching 8 in the lower ileum. GI microflora may inactivate certain drugs, reducing their absorption. Decreased blood flow （eg, in shock） may lower the concentration gradient across the intestinal mucosa and decrease absorption by passive diffusion. （Decreased peripheral blood flow also alters drug distribution and metabolism.） 小肠在胃肠道中具有最大的药物吸收表面积。十二脂肠腔内pH值为4~5，管腔内pH值趋碱性逐渐增强，至回肠下部时pH接近8。胃肠道内的菌丛可使某些药物失活，降低药物的吸收。血流量的减少（如休克病人）可以降低跨肠粘膜的浓度梯度，从而减少被动扩散吸收。（外周血流减少也会改变药物的分布和代谢。 Intestinal transit time can influence drug absorption, particularly for drugs that are absorbed by active transport （eg, B vitamins）, that dissolve slowly （eg, griseofulvin）, or that are too polar （ie, poorly lipid-soluble） to cross membranes readily （eg, many antibiotics）. For such drugs, transit may be too rapid for absorption to be complete. 肠道通过时间肠道通过时间能影响药物吸收，特别是经主动转运吸收的药物（如维生素B）、溶解缓慢的药物（如灰黄霉素），或极性太高（即脂溶性差）难以透过细胞膜的药物（如许多抗生素）。这类药物通过太快，致使吸收不全。 For controlled-release dosage forms, absorption may occur primarily in the large intestine, particularly when drug release continues for > 6 h, the time for transit to the large intestine. 对控释剂型来说，吸收主要在大肠内进行，特别是药物释放时间超过6小时，也就是药物运达大肠的时间。 Absorption from solution: A drug given orally in solution is subjected to numerous GI secretions and, to be absorbed, must survive encounters with low pH and potentially degrading enzymes. Usually, even if a drug is stable in the enteral environment, little of it remains to pass into the large intestine. Drugs with low lipophilicity （ie, low membrane permeability）, such as aminoglycosides, are absorbed slowly from solution in the stomach and small intestine; for such drugs, absorption in the large intestine is expected to be even slower because the surface area is smaller. Consequently, these drugs are not candidates for controlled release. 溶液剂型的吸收药物吸收受到大量胃肠道内分泌液的影响。药物要想被吸收，就必须要在与低pH环境及潜在的降解酶的接触中生存下来。通常，即使某种药物在肠环境中很稳定，但进入大肠的仍然是极少数。低亲脂性（即膜通透性低）药物，如氨基糖苷类，经胃和小肠溶液被缓慢吸收。而在大肠中，因表面积更小，预期吸收更慢。因此，这些药物不宜制成控释剂型。 Absorption from solid forms: Most drugs are given orally as tablets or capsules primarily for convenience, economy, stability, and patient acceptance. These products must disintegrate and dissolve before absorption can occur. Disintegration greatly increases the drug's surface area in contact with GI fluids, thereby promoting drug dissolution and absorption. Disintegrants and other excipients （eg, diluents, lubricants, surfactants, binders, dispersants） are often added during manufacture to facilitate these processes. Surfactants increase the dissolution rate by increasing the wetability, solubility, and dispersibility of the drug. Disintegration of solid forms may be retarded by excessive pressure applied during the tableting procedure or by special coatings applied to protect the tablet from the digestive processes of the gut. Hydrophobic lubricants （eg, magnesium stearate） may bind to the active drug and reduce its bioavailability. 固体剂型的吸收主要是出于方便、经济、药物稳定性、及病人接受性的考虑，大多数药物都以片剂或胶囊剂口服给药。这些制剂必须经过崩解和溶解才能被吸收。崩解大大增加了药物与胃肠液的接触表面积，从而促进药物的溶解和吸收。在制药过程中,为了促进崩解和溶解作用，往往添加一些崩解剂和其他赋形剂（如稀释剂、润滑剂、表面活性剂、粘合剂、分散剂）。表面活性剂通过增加药物的吸湿性、溶解度和分散性来增加其溶解速率。在制片过程中压片压力过大，或为了使药片免受肠道消化作用的影响而使用特殊的包衣，可延缓固体剂型的崩解。忌水性润滑剂（如硬脂酸镁）可与活性药物结合而降低其生物利用度。 Dissolution rate determines the availability of the drug for absorption. When slower than absorption, dissolution becomes the rate-limiting step. Overall absorption can be controlled by manipulating the formulation. For example, reducing the particle size increases the drug's surface area, thus increasing the rate and extent of GI absorption of a drug whose absorption is normally limited by slow dissolution. Dissolution rate is affected by whether the drug is in salt, crystal, or hydrate form. The Na salts of weak acids （eg, barbiturates, salicylates） dissolve faster than their corresponding free acids regardless of the pH of the medium. Certain drugs are polymorphic, existing in amorphous or various crystalline forms. Chloramphenicol palmitate has two forms, but only one sufficiently dissolves and is absorbed to be clinically useful. A hydrate is formed when one or more water molecules combine with a drug molecule in crystal form. The solubility of such a solvate may markedly differ from the nonsolvated form; eg, anhydrous ampicillin has a greater rate of dissolution and absorption than its corresponding trihydrate. 溶解速率溶解速率决定药物吸收时的可用度。当溶解速率低于吸收速率时，溶解就会制约吸收。药物的总体吸收可通过改变配方来加以调控，例如，减小颗粒体积可增加药物的表面积，从而增加那些溶解缓慢吸收受限的药物的胃肠道吸收速率和分量。药物的不同形式，如盐、晶体或水合物等，都可影响溶解速率。不管介质的pH是多少，弱酸的钠盐（如巴比妥酸盐，水杨酸盐）比其相应的游离酸溶解得快。某些药物有多种形态，可以非晶体形或不同晶体形存在。棕榈酸氯霉素有两种存在形态，但只有一种形态能充分溶解吸收，也因而被临床使用。当一个或多个水分子和一个晶体形药物分子相结合时，就构成一种水合物。这种的溶解度可能与非水合物的溶解度有明显的不同。例如，无水氨苄西林的溶解速率和吸收比其它相应水合物的溶解吸收速率都要快得多。
医药院校药学高职专业药学英语的教学探讨
【摘要】目前，药学英语逐渐成为高等医药院校药学生综合技能的重要组成部分。学习药学英语课程是药学学生提高英语水平、专业技能的重要方面，也是高校培养复合型人才的重要方面之一。由于目前多种因素的制约，我国高等医药院校的药学英语教学水平尚有待加强。本文针对目前药学专业英语教学的现状，探讨药学英语教学中遇到的问题，并提出相应对策，力求提高药学英语的教学质量。
【关键词】药学英语;教学;药学高职
近年来，我国医药事业取得了举世瞩目的成绩，进出口贸易有了蓬勃的发展，这对于药学专业的学生既是难得的机遇，又有着巨大的挑战。若要适应现代社会的迅猛发展，药学专业英语的学习就显得越来越重要。当今社会，经济的发展和社会的交流要求高校毕业生对药学专业英语的听说读写技能均要有一定程度的掌握。高校学生在进行了基础专业课及公共英语学习的基础上，已经具备了系统的知识结构。在此基础上进行药学专业英语的学习具有了很好的基础。但高职专业药学英语的教学及学习由于受到一些因素的影响，仍存在一定的问题。笔者通过自身的教学经历在此做一阐述并提出一些相应的解决方案。
1、药学高职专业药学英语教学中存在的不足
学生英语基础水平偏低，且参差不齐目前国内普通高校对高职学生英语水平的要求普遍不高，因此导致高职学生英语水平偏低。药学英语的难度相应于大学公共英语也偏高，教师上课时不但要讲解专业词汇，还要帮助学生复习基础英语中的词汇及句式。学生在学习过程中常会感到力不从心，因而产生厌学情绪，教师的积极性亦会受到影响。
教材单一，缺乏适合专科程度的教材 目前医药院校高职专业缺少针对性的教材，常用本科药学英语教材代替，由于本科教材中采用的文章专业性过强、难度较大，高职学生难于学习掌握。个别院校使用内部自编教材，但所收录的内容其难易程度往往不能与学生的实际英语水平完全契合，同时由于不能及时补充药学领域的前沿知识，实用性不强。
教学模式单一陈旧药学英语的教学普遍存在枯燥乏味、忽视不同专业差异的现象。在实际教学时未兼顾分析化学、有机化学、物理化学、药剂学、药物化学、生药学等不同专业的侧重点。教学方法通常是单一的课文翻译、重点难点词汇的讲解，而忽视了口语、听力等交流的能力。师生间缺乏教与学的互动。
师资力量薄弱 当前高校药学英语教师多是英语专业背景而缺乏药学专业的相关知识，因此这部分教师对于药学英语专业性内容的理解也会存在一些偏差;或者为药学专业毕业的教师，较难胜任英语教学。同时，许多院校对药学英语专职教师的培养缺乏重视，其结果是教学效果差，教学质量低。
学校及学生对专业英语的教育教学缺乏足够重视很多院校将学生大学英语四、六级考试通过率作为教学质量评定的一项内容，学生也将是否通过英语四六级考试作为学习的目标。部分学生在过级后放松了英语学习，对专业英语学习也缺乏兴趣和动力，很多学生并没有认识到药学英语在今后工作中的重要性，因此对于学习药学英语具有应付考试、获得学分的心态。某些高校的教学管理部门对药学英语的重视程度也不够，产生药学英语课时数偏少，不能满足教学任务的需要。
2、对策
丰富教学手段丰富多彩的教学方法能提高学生的兴趣，从而提高学习的效率和质量。可查阅一些专业文章及研究综述来丰富英语学习内容。采用多媒体教学的方式，因为这种方法能把图像、声音、动画等信息加入到课堂教学中，提高学生的兴趣。以讨论、问答等方式加强学生参与课堂教学及学习的.过程，提高学生的主动生。
培养学生学习药学英语的兴趣邀请国内外知名学者举办英语讲座，培养学生借助词典阅读药学英文文献的能力，为学生毕业后的实际应用打下基础。放映欧美药学相关的视频，既拓展了学生的视野，又能给学生最地道、最直接的感受，提高学习的兴趣。介绍专业的前沿与发展，让学生了解本领域的前景及就业信息，同时使其领会药学英语对于其竞聘工作及在本领域竞争中的重要意义。
加强专业教师队伍的建设药学英这门课程既不同于专业课，也不同于基础英语课，教师队伍也参差不齐，从业教师很难既具有药学背景、同时又具有英语专业背景。因此教学管理部门应重视对药学专业英语教师的培训。定期组织英语、药学方面的资深老师辅导，安排中青年教师到相关院校学习交流。
加强教材建设选择及编写教材应符合学生英语的实际水平以及其所学专业的特点，融趣味性、知识性、实用性于一体，既包括药学专业的词汇和特殊表达方式，同时又能详细介绍药学基础及专业知识。在课堂教学中，加入药品说明书、设备使用说明书、科技论文英文摘要等内容，以提高学生解决实际问题能力。
教学时间的合理安排药学英语的开课时间应尽量安排在药学专业课程结束之后。这样学生在学习药学英语之前就对专业知识有了很好的掌握，学习的过程中，就能对所接触的内容有更深层次的理解。同时，药学英语的内容又能促进学生对药学专业知识的回顾，加强对前期所学药学专业知识的进一步理解和掌握。
总之，医药院校高职专业的药学英语是专业内容不可或缺的一部分，同时其教学又有自身特点，对其各种改革应立足于培养新时期的复合型人才，并能学以致用，同时又与各个学校的实际情况相结合。药学教育工作者也应为这一教学目标和宗旨而不断丰富自己、提高理论教学水平，放眼医药前沿现状。
参考文献:
[1]雷丽红，高等医药院校药学英语教学工作的思考，华夏医学，2007，20(3)：577—578
[2]林玲，高等医药院校药学英语教学探讨，亚太传统医药，2010，6(8.)：190—191
[3]黎晶晶，唐霖，徐格非，医药类高职高专院校药学英语教学存在的问题及对策，卫生职业教育，2010，28(3)：15—17
药学方向的论文写法如下：
1、论文选题。基本要求：实验性，研究性均可。毕业论文选题方向大致分类为：分析研究、药物化学研究、药学研究、工艺验证及改进、中药炮制研究、中药资源研究、中药化学研究、制剂研究、生物制药研究、药理研究、医院药学研究，药物安全性评价等。
2、给毕业论文确定题目。简洁：中文题目最好不超过20个字；准确：题目需要准确反映论文的内容，避免文题不符、以大代小、以偏概全等。如：CK制剂与原研制剂溶出曲线对比；铁皮石斛中粗多糖研究；葛根提取物检测方法开发与市场提取物评价；苯扎贝特胶囊的工艺改进研究。
拓展资料：
药学是连接健康科学和化学科学的医疗保健行业，它承担着确保药品的安全和有效使用的职责。药学主要研究药物的来源、炮制、性状、作用、分析、鉴定、调配、生产、保管和寻找（包括合成）新药等。主要任务是不断提供更有效的药物和提高药物质量，保证用药安全，使病患得以以伤害最小，效益最大的方式治疗或治愈疾病。
业务培养目标。本专业学生应掌握药学各分支学科的基本理论和基础知识，接受药学科研方法和技能的基本训练。具备较扎实的基础和较宽广的专业知识。培养能从事药物化学、药物分析、药物评价、临床合理用药、医药经营及管理、新药研究与开发、药品生产与管理等方面工作的高级科学技术人才。
业务培养要求。本专业学生主要学习药学各主要分支学科的基本理论和基本知识，受到药学实验方法和技能的基本训练，具有药物制备、质量控制评价及指导合理用药的基本能力。主要课程。无机化学、有机化学，分析化学（化学分析、仪器分析）、物理化学、生物化学、药用拉丁语、药学英语、人体解剖学、生理学、微生物学与免疫学、生药学等。